Akshay Venkatesh: Difference between revisions

Akshay Venkatesh (edit)

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 | name              = Akshay Venkatesh
 | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRS|size=100}}
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+| caption           =Akshay Venkatesh
+| image = Akshay Venkatesh.jpg
 | birth_date        = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1981|11|21}}
 | birth_place       = [[New Delhi]], India
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 Venkatesh was born in [[Delhi]], India and his family emigrated to [[Perth, Western Australia|Perth]] in [[Western Australia]] when he was two years old. He attended [[Scotch College, Perth|Scotch College]]. His mother, [[Svetha Venkatesh|Svetha]], is a [[computer science]] professor at [[Deakin University]]. A [[child prodigy]], Venkatesh attended extracurricular training classes for gifted students in the state mathematical olympiad program,<ref>{{cite web|first = Phill|last = Schultz|title = My Automathography &ndash; 30 Years at UWA|url = http://staffhome.ecm.uwa.edu.au/~00003428/memoirs.html|date = 24 January 2005|access-date = 4 August 2018|publisher = [[University of Western Australia]]|archive-date = 24 March 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150324013335/http://staffhome.ecm.uwa.edu.au/~00003428/memoirs.html|url-status = dead}}</ref> and in 1993, whilst aged only 11, he competed at the 24th [[International Physics Olympiad]] in [[Williamsburg, Virginia]], winning a bronze medal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yalcineli.com/yeni_sayfa_15.htm |title=XXIV International Physics Olympiad Williamsburg |year=1993 |access-date=7 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205013210/http://www.yalcineli.com/yeni_sayfa_15.htm |archive-date=5 February 2012 }}</ref> The following year, he switched his attention to mathematics and, after placing second in the [[Australian Mathematical Olympiad]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amt.edu.au/amo1994.html|title=Highest AMO scorers, 1994|publisher=Australian Mathematics Trust|access-date=7 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324184829/http://www.amt.edu.au/amo1994.html|archive-date=24 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> he won a silver medal in the 6th [[Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amt.edu.au/apmo1994.html|title=Results of 6th Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad 1994|publisher=Australian Mathematics Trust|access-date=7 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429112914/http://www.amt.edu.au/apmo1994.html|archive-date=29 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> before winning a bronze medal at the 1994 [[International Mathematical Olympiad]] held in Hong Kong.<ref name = AustralianIMOteams /> He completed his secondary education the same year, turning 13 before entering the [[University of Western Australia]] as its youngest ever student.  Venkatesh completed the four year course in three years and became, at 16, the youngest person to earn [[First Class Honours]] in [[pure mathematics]] from the University.<ref name = AustralianIMOteams />  He was awarded the J. A. Woods Memorial Prize as the most outstanding graduate of the year from the Faculties of Science, Engineering, Dentistry, or Medical Science.<ref>{{cite web|publisher = [[University of Western Australia]]|title = Conditions &ndash; J. A. Wood Memorial Prizes [F1495-03]|url = http://apps.weboffice.uwa.edu.au/prizes-app/file/Conditions%20-%20J%20A%20Wood%20Memorial%20Prizes.RTF|access-date = 4 August 2018|date = 3 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|title = UWA maths prodigy wins international award|date = 2 August 2018|access-date = 4 August 2018|first = David|last = Stacey|url = http://www.news.uwa.edu.au/2018080210831/uwa-maths-prodigy-wins-international-award|publisher = [[University of Western Australia]]}}</ref>  While at UWA he was also one of the founding members of the Honours Cricket Association.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maths.uwa.edu.au/~marty/HCA/cricket.html|title=Honours Cricket Association|publisher=Honours Cricket Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021213040145/http://www.maths.uwa.edu.au/~marty/HCA/cricket.html|access-date=22 August 2019|archive-date=13 December 2002}}</ref>
-== Research career ==
+== Research Career ==
-Venkatesh commenced his PhD at [[Princeton University]] in 1998 under [[Peter Sarnak]], which he completed in 2002,<ref name = CMI /> producing the thesis ''Limiting forms of the trace formula''. He was supported by the Hackett Fellowship for postgraduate study. He was then awarded a postdoctoral position at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], where he served as a [[C.L.E. Moore instructor]]. Venkatesh then held a Clay Research Fellowship from the [[Clay Mathematics Institute]] from 2004 to 2006,<ref name = CMI /> and was an associate professor at the [[Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences]] at [[New York University]].<ref name = IASprofile /><ref>{{cite web|title=Akshay Venkatesh &ndash; Research Interests|access-date=4 August 2018|url=http://math.stanford.edu/~akshay/research/research.html|publisher=[[Stanford University]]|website=math.stanford.edu}}</ref>  He was a member of the School of Mathematics at the [[Institute for Advanced Study]] (IAS) from 2005 to 2006.  He became a [[full professor]] at [[Stanford University]] on 1 September 2008. After serving as Distinguished Visiting Professor at the IAS in 2017-2018,<ref name = IASprofile>{{cite web|url=https://www.ias.edu/scholars/venkatesh|title=Akshay Venkatesh|publisher=[[Institute for Advanced Study]]|access-date=4 August 2018|year = 2018}}</ref> he returns to the IAS as a permanent faculty member in mid-August 2018.<ref name = IASPressRelease>{{cite press release|url=https://www.ias.edu/press-releases/2018/venkatesh|title=Mathematician Akshay Venkatesh Appointed to the Faculty of the Institute for Advanced Study|publisher=[[Institute for Advanced Study]]|access-date=6 August 2018|year = 2018}}</ref>
+Akshay commenced his PhD at [[Princeton University]] in 1998 under [[Peter Sarnak]], which he completed in 2002,<ref name = CMI /> producing the thesis ''Limiting forms of the trace formula''. He was supported by the Hackett Fellowship for postgraduate study. He was then awarded a postdoctoral position at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], where he served as a [[C.L.E. Moore instructor]]. Venkatesh then held a Clay Research Fellowship from the [[Clay Mathematics Institute]] from 2004 to 2006,<ref name = CMI /> and was an associate professor at the [[Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences]] at [[New York University]].<ref name = IASprofile /><ref>{{cite web|title=Akshay Venkatesh &ndash; Research Interests|access-date=4 August 2018|url=http://math.stanford.edu/~akshay/research/research.html|publisher=[[Stanford University]]|website=math.stanford.edu}}</ref>  He was a member of the School of Mathematics at the [[Institute for Advanced Study]] (IAS) from 2005 to 2006.  He became a [[full professor]] at [[Stanford University]] on 1 September 2008. After serving as Distinguished Visiting Professor at the IAS in 2017-2018,<ref name = IASprofile>{{cite web|url=https://www.ias.edu/scholars/venkatesh|title=Akshay Venkatesh|publisher=[[Institute for Advanced Study]]|access-date=4 August 2018|year = 2018}}</ref> he returns to the IAS as a permanent faculty member in mid-August 2018.<ref name = IASPressRelease>{{cite press release|url=https://www.ias.edu/press-releases/2018/venkatesh|title=Mathematician Akshay Venkatesh Appointed to the Faculty of the Institute for Advanced Study|publisher=[[Institute for Advanced Study]]|access-date=6 August 2018|year = 2018}}</ref>
 == Recognition ==
-Venkatesh was awarded the [[Salem Prize]], given to a "young mathematician judged to have done outstanding work in [[Raphaël Salem|Salem's]] field of interest&mdash;the theory of [[Fourier series]]"<ref>{{cite press release|publisher = [[New York University]]|url = http://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2007/08/22/nyus_venkatesh_25_wins.html|title = NYU's Venkatesh, 25, Wins Prize Given to Young Mathematicians for Work in Field of Analysis|date = 22 August 2007|access-date = 4 August 2018}}</ref> and the [https://www.packard.org/what-we-fund/science/packard-fellowships-for-science-and-engineering/ Packard Fellowship] in 2007.  In 2008, he received the US$10,000 [[SASTRA Ramanujan Prize]], given for "outstanding contributions to areas of mathematics influenced by the great Indian mathematician, [[Srinivasa Ramanujan]]" and "only awarded to those under the age of thirty-two (the age of Ramanujan at his time of death)."<ref name = AustralianIMOteams /><ref name = AMSRamanujan />  The prize was presented at the International Conference on Number Theory and Modular Forms, held at [[SASTRA University]] in [[Kumbakonam]], Ramanujan's hometown.<ref name = AMSRamanujan>{{cite journal|url=https://www.ams.org/notices/200901/tx090100056p.pdf|title=Venkatesh Awarded 2008 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize|journal=[[Notices of the AMS]]|date=January 2009|volume=56|issue=1|page=56}}</ref> In 2010, he was an [[list of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers|invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians]] (Hyderabad) and spoke on the topic "Number Theory and Lie Theory and Generalisations."<ref>{{cite web|publisher = [[International Mathematical Union]]|date = 11 June 2016|title = ICM Plenary and Invited Speakers since 1897|url = http://www.mathunion.org/db/ICM/Speakers/SortedByLastname.php|website = mathunion.org|access-date = 16 May 2016|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160611042058/http://www.mathunion.org/db/ICM/Speakers/SortedByLastname.php|archive-date = 11 June 2016}}</ref> For his exceptionally wide-ranging, foundational and creative contributions to modern number theory, Venkatesh was awarded the [[Infosys Prize]] in Mathematical Sciences<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.infosys-science-foundation.com/prize/laureates/2016/akshay-venkatesh.asp|title=Infosys Prize – Laureates 2016 – Prof. Akshay Venkatesh|website=www.infosys-science-foundation.com|access-date=2017-04-03}}</ref> in 2016. In 2017 he received the [[Ostrowski Prize]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ostrowski.ch/pdf/preis2017.pdf|title=Citation for Akshay Venkatesh|website=ostrowski.ch|publisher=[[Ostrowski Foundation]]|access-date=4 August 2018|year=2017}}</ref> which is awarded every two years for "outstanding achievements in pure mathematics and in the foundations of numerical mathematics."<ref>{{cite web|title = Foundation A. M. Ostrowski for an international prize in higher mathematics|publisher = [[Ostrowski Foundation]]|website = Ostrowski.ch|access-date = 4 August 2018|url = https://ostrowski.ch/index_e.php?ifile=home|year = 2018}}</ref>
+Akshay was awarded the [[Salem Prize]], given to a "young mathematician judged to have done outstanding work in [[Raphaël Salem|Salem's]] field of interest&mdash;the theory of [[Fourier series]]"<ref>{{cite press release|publisher = [[New York University]]|url = http://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2007/08/22/nyus_venkatesh_25_wins.html|title = NYU's Venkatesh, 25, Wins Prize Given to Young Mathematicians for Work in Field of Analysis|date = 22 August 2007|access-date = 4 August 2018}}</ref> and the [https://www.packard.org/what-we-fund/science/packard-fellowships-for-science-and-engineering/ Packard Fellowship] in 2007.  In 2008, he received the US$10,000 [[SASTRA Ramanujan Prize]], given for "outstanding contributions to areas of mathematics influenced by the great Indian mathematician, [[Srinivasa Ramanujan]]" and "only awarded to those under the age of thirty-two (the age of Ramanujan at his time of death)."<ref name = AustralianIMOteams /><ref name = AMSRamanujan />  The prize was presented at the International Conference on Number Theory and Modular Forms, held at [[SASTRA University]] in [[Kumbakonam]], Ramanujan's hometown.<ref name = AMSRamanujan>{{cite journal|url=https://www.ams.org/notices/200901/tx090100056p.pdf|title=Venkatesh Awarded 2008 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize|journal=[[Notices of the AMS]]|date=January 2009|volume=56|issue=1|page=56}}</ref> In 2010, he was an [[list of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers|invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians]] (Hyderabad) and spoke on the topic "Number Theory and Lie Theory and Generalisations."<ref>{{cite web|publisher = [[International Mathematical Union]]|date = 11 June 2016|title = ICM Plenary and Invited Speakers since 1897|url = http://www.mathunion.org/db/ICM/Speakers/SortedByLastname.php|website = mathunion.org|access-date = 16 May 2016|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160611042058/http://www.mathunion.org/db/ICM/Speakers/SortedByLastname.php|archive-date = 11 June 2016}}</ref> For his exceptionally wide-ranging, foundational and creative contributions to modern number theory, Venkatesh was awarded the [[Infosys Prize]] in Mathematical Sciences<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.infosys-science-foundation.com/prize/laureates/2016/akshay-venkatesh.asp|title=Infosys Prize – Laureates 2016 – Prof. Akshay Venkatesh|website=www.infosys-science-foundation.com|access-date=2017-04-03}}</ref> in 2016. In 2017 he received the [[Ostrowski Prize]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ostrowski.ch/pdf/preis2017.pdf|title=Citation for Akshay Venkatesh|website=ostrowski.ch|publisher=[[Ostrowski Foundation]]|access-date=4 August 2018|year=2017}}</ref> which is awarded every two years for "outstanding achievements in pure mathematics and in the foundations of numerical mathematics."<ref>{{cite web|title = Foundation A. M. Ostrowski for an international prize in higher mathematics|publisher = [[Ostrowski Foundation]]|website = Ostrowski.ch|access-date = 4 August 2018|url = https://ostrowski.ch/index_e.php?ifile=home|year = 2018}}</ref>
 In 2018, he was awarded the [[Fields Medal]],<ref name = FieldsMedalIMU>{{cite web|url = https://www.mathunion.org/imu-awards/fields-medal/fields-medals-2018|publisher = [[International Mathematical Union]]|title = Fields Medals 2018|date = 2018|access-date = 4 August 2018|website = mathunion.org}}</ref><ref name="abc care">{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-01/fields-medals-to-be-awarded-to-best-mathematical-minds/10049510 |title=Maths hands out its 'Nobel Prize' to an Australian – here's why you should care |first=Daniel |last=Keane |date=2 August 2018 |work=ABC News |access-date=2 August 2018}}</ref> commonly described as the Nobel Prize of mathematics,<ref name = NobelPrizeofMaths /> becoming the second Australian (after [[Terence Tao]])<ref name = GuardianFieldsMedal /> and the second person of Indian descent (after [[Manjul Bhargava]])<ref name = IndiaTVNews /> to be so honoured. The short citation for the medal declared that Venkatesh was being honoured for "his synthesis of analytic number theory, homogeneous dynamics, topology, and representation theory, which has resolved long-standing problems in areas such as the equidistribution of arithmetic objects."<ref name = FieldsMedalLongCitation>{{cite web|title = Venkatesh Short and Long Citation|url = https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/IMU/Prizes/Fields/2018/Venkatesh-Citation.pdf|publisher = [[International Mathematical Union]]|date = 2018|access-date = 4 August 2018|website = mathunion.org}}</ref> [[University of Western Australia]] Professor Michael Giudici said of his former classmate's work that "[i]f it was easy for me to explain, then he wouldn't have received the Fields Medal".<ref name = NobelPrizeofMaths>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-02/fields-medal-aussie-genius-akshay-venkatesh-mathematics-prize/10062218 |title=Fields Medal: Aussie genius Akshay Venkatesh wins 'Nobel Prize of mathematics' |first=Michael |last=Slezak |date=2 August 2018 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref> Australian mathematician and media personality [[Adam Spencer]] said that "[t]his century will be built by mathematicians, whether it's computer coding, algorithms, machine learning, artificial intelligence, app design and the like" and that "we should acknowledge the magnificence of the mathematical mind."<ref name="abc care"/> Director of the [[Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute]] Professor Geoff Prince said "Akshay is an exciting and innovative leader in his field whose work will continue to have wide-ranging implications for mathematics" and a worthy recipient of the Fields medal "given his contribution to improving mathematicians' understanding of analytic number theory, algebraic number theory, and representation theory".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/aussie-akshay-venkatesh-wins-the-nobel-prize-of-mathematics |title=Aussie Akshay Venkatesh wins 'the Nobel Prize of mathematics' |date=2 August 2018 |agency=AAP |work=[[SBS News]] |access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref>
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 == Contributions to mathematics ==
-Venkatesh has made contributions to a wide variety of areas in mathematics, including [[number theory]], [[automorphic form]]s, [[representation theory]], [[locally symmetric space]]s and [[ergodic theory]], by himself, and in collaboration with several mathematicians.<ref name = FieldsMedalLongCitation />
+Akshay  has made contributions to a wide variety of areas in mathematics, including [[number theory]], [[automorphic form]]s, [[representation theory]], [[locally symmetric space]]s and [[ergodic theory]], by himself, and in collaboration with several mathematicians.<ref name = FieldsMedalLongCitation />
 Using [[ergodic]] methods, Venkatesh, jointly with [[Jordan Ellenberg]], made significant progress on the [[Hasse principle]] for integral representations of quadratic forms by quadratic forms.<ref name = FieldsMedalLongCitation /><ref>{{cite journal|title=Local-global principles for representations of quadratic forms|first1=Jordan S.|last1=Ellenberg|author-link1=Jordan Ellenberg|first2=Akshay|last2=Venkatesh|year=2008|journal=[[Inventiones Mathematicae]]|volume=171|issue=2|pages=257–279|doi=10.1007/s00222-007-0077-7|arxiv=math/0604232|bibcode=2007InMat.171..257E|citeseerx=10.1.1.236.7085|s2cid=832133}}</ref>