Jump to content

Charpai: Difference between revisions

Charpai (edit)

Revision as of 16:29, 17 July 2021

2,254 bytes added ,  17 July 2021
→‎top: fixed date in ref
m (→‎References: clean up, add source tag)
imported>MPGuy2824
(→‎top: fixed date in ref)
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{short description|Traditional woven bed used in the South Asia}}
{{short description|Traditional woven bed used in the South Asia}}
[[File:Cot-rope,traditional -Tamil Nadu52.JPG|thumb|Traditional Indian charpai]]
[[File:Cot-rope,traditional -Tamil Nadu52.JPG|thumb|Traditional Indian charpai. At the near end, the lacing for re-tensioning the bias weave.]]
[[File:Boom bed pakistan design 223.jpeg|thumb|Charpai pattern]]
[[File:Boom bed pakistan design 223.jpeg|thumb|One of many charpai patterns]]
'''Charpai''',<ref name="Jamart1978">{{cite book|author=Susan Corinne Jamart|title=Charpai: Indian Cot Filling, a Visual and Technical Documentation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JatGXwAACAAJ|year=1978|publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref> '''Charpaya''', '''Charpoy''', '''Khat''' or '''Manji'''  ([[Hindi]] : चारपाई, [[Bengali language|Bengali]]: চারপায়া, [[Urdu]]: چارپائی, [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]; ''char'' "four" + ''paya'' "footed") is a traditional woven [[Bed (furniture)|bed]] used across [[South Asia]]. Regional variations are found in Afghanistan and Pakistan, North and Central India, Bihar and Myanmar.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/ayush-kasliwal-charpai-serendipity-arts-festival-2018-goa/ | title=The Charpai Project asks you to take a seat for a ringside view of history | date=26 Decenmber 2018}}</ref> It is also known as khaat, khatia, or manji, and as manjaa in [[Punjab]].
'''Charpai''',<ref name="Jamart1978">{{cite book|author=Susan Corinne Jamart|title=Charpai: Indian Cot Filling, a Visual and Technical Documentation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JatGXwAACAAJ|year=1978|publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref> '''Charpaya''', '''Charpoy''', '''Khat''' or '''Manji'''  ([[Hindi]] : चारपाई, [[Bengali language|Bengali]]: চারপায়া, [[Urdu]]: چارپائی, [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]; ''char'' "four" + ''paya'' "footed") is a traditional woven [[Bed (furniture)|bed]] used across [[South Asia]]. Regional variations are found in Afghanistan and Pakistan, North and Central India, Bihar and Myanmar.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/ayush-kasliwal-charpai-serendipity-arts-festival-2018-goa/ | title=The Charpai Project asks you to take a seat for a ringside view of history | date=26 December 2018}}</ref> It is also known as khaat, khatia, or manji, and as manjaa in [[Punjab]].


The charpai is mostly used in warm areas: its net is made out of cotton, natural fibers and date leaves. It is a simple design that is easy to construct. There are many interpretations of the traditional design and over the years craftspeople have innovated with the weave patterns and materials used.
The charpai is a simple design that is easy to construct. It was traditionally made out of a wooden frame and natural-fiber ropes, but modern charpais may have metal frames and plastic tapes. The frame is four strong vertical posts connected by four horizontal members; the design makes the construction self-leveling.{{clarify|date=May 2021}} Webbing can be made out of cotton, date leaves, and other natural fibers.  


It has a frame of four strong vertical posts connected by four horizontal members; the design makes the construction self-leveling. The weaving is done in many ways, e.g. a diagonal cross weave with one end left for adjustments as linear members, which helps in controlling the sagging of the bed as it ages with use. It was traditionally made out of a wooden frame and cotton ropes but modern charpais may have metal frames and plastic tapes.
There are many interpretations of the traditional design, and over the years craftspeople have innovated with the weave patterns and materials used. The weaving is done in many ways, e.g. a diagonal cross ([[Bias (textile)|bias]]) weave, with one end woven short, and laced to the endpiece, for tensioning adjustments (which helps in controlling the sagging of the bed as it ages with use).


[[Ibn Battuta]] describes the charpai as having "four conical legs with four crosspieces of wood on which braids of silk or cotton are woven. When one lies down on it, there is no need for anything to make it pliable, for it is pliable of itself."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Battutah|first1=Ibn|title=The Travels of Ibn Battutah|date=2002|publisher=Picador|location=London|isbn=9780330418799|pages=185, 317}}</ref>
It is mostly used in warm areas: in cold areas, a similar [[rope bed]] would be topped (with an insulating [[palliasse]] or tick, stuffed with straw, [[chaff]], or [[down feather]]s), and possibly hung with curtains.<ref name="indiana">{{cite web |last1=Karstensen |first1=Rebecca |editor-last=Graves |editor-first=Jean |title=Sleep Tight, Don’t Let the Bed Bugs Bite – A Myth Debunked |url=https://libraries.indiana.edu/sleep-tight-don%E2%80%99t-let-bed-bugs-bite-%E2%80%93-myth-debunked |website=libraries.indiana.edu |language=en |date=2018-01-18}}</ref><ref name="colonial">{{cite web |last1=Wright |first1=Bryan |title=Colonial Sense: How-To Guides: Interior: Bed Roping |url=http://colonialsense.com/How-To_Guides/Interior/Bed_Roping.php |website=colonialsense.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Stamford Historical Society, A virtual tour through the Hoyt-Barnum House |url=http://www.stamfordhistory.org/hbh_tour.htm |website=www.stamfordhistory.org}}</ref>
 
In the 1300s, [[Ibn Battuta]] described the charpai as having "four conical legs with four crosspieces of wood on which braids of silk or cotton are woven. When one lies down on it, there is no need for anything to make it pliable, for it is pliable of itself."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Battutah|first1=Ibn|title=The Travels of Ibn Battutah|date=2002|publisher=Picador|location=London|isbn=9780330418799|pages=185, 317}}</ref>
 
Adapted charpais were used as colonial [[campaign furniture]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schwarz |first1=Christopher |title=The Roorkee Bed? |url=https://www.popularwoodworking.com/woodworking-blogs/roorkee-bed/ |website=Popular Woodworking Magazine |date=2014-01-03}}</ref>
 
== Gallery ==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="3">
File:Mini Khatoli.jpg|A small charpoi in Pakistan, 2019, showing structure.
File:Diptych miracles Christ VandA A.47 A-1926 (cropped to Take up thy bed and walk scene from John 5).jpg|An 800s European [[Healing the paralytic at Bethesda|Healing at Bethesda scene]].
File:Traditional Ethiopian Bed Frames (3349768552).jpg|Traditional Ethiopian bed frames, [[lathe]]-turned and handcarved, [[Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela]]. Note non-bias weave.
File:Village Cot.jpg|Charpais as [[daybed]]s in [[Rajasthan]]. Note diamond weave pattern.
File:Supporting people as they return home to still-flooded land (5331088320).jpg|Refugees from flooding, 2010
</gallery>


== See also ==
== See also ==
[[Niwar (cotton tape)]]
{{commonscat}}
*[[Niwar (cotton tape)]] used for stringing charpais
*[[Rope bed]]
*[[Klinē]] (Classical Greek)


==References==
==References==
Line 25: Line 41:
[[Category:Punjabi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Punjabi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Desi culture]]
[[Category:Desi culture]]
[[Category:Indian furniture]]
[[Category:Portable furniture]]




{{India-culture-stub}}
{{India-culture-stub}}
{{Pakistan-stub}}
{{Pakistan-stub}}
{{en-Wikipedia}}
Anonymous user
Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/167718"