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Viraraghava copper plates: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{for|9th century CE copper plates issued by Ayyan Adikal to Mar Sapir Iso|Quilon Syrian copper plates}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | ||
[[File:Insignia from Viraraghava copper plates - Plate II (1225 CE).jpg|400px|thumb|Insignia from Viraraghava copper plates]] | [[File:Insignia from Viraraghava copper plates - Plate II (1225 CE).jpg|400px|thumb|Insignia from Viraraghava copper plates]] | ||
'''Viraraghava copper plates,''' dated 1225 CE,<ref>Narayanan, M. G. S. ''Perumāḷs of Kerala.'' Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 222, 279, and 299.</ref><ref>Veluthat, Kesavan. ''The Early Medieval in South India.'' Delhi: Oxford University Press. 2009. 152, and 154.</ref> '''of''' '''Cochin''', or '''Kottayam plates of Viraraghava Chakravartin''', or '''Syrian Christian copper plate''', or '''Iravi Kortann's Plate''', describe the concession made by the local king Viraraghava to | '''Viraraghava copper plates,''' dated 1225 CE,<ref>Narayanan, M. G. S. ''Perumāḷs of Kerala.'' Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 222, 279, and 299.</ref><ref>Veluthat, Kesavan. ''The Early Medieval in South India.'' Delhi: Oxford University Press. 2009. 152, and 154.</ref> '''of''' '''Cochin''', or '''Kottayam plates of Viraraghava Chakravartin''', or '''Syrian Christian copper plate''', or '''Iravi Kortann's Plate''', describe the concession made by the local king Viraraghava to [[Saint Thomas Christians|Syrian Christian]] merchant Iravikorttan, the chief of [[Manikkiramam]] (Manigiramam) in Makotaiyar Pattinam (modern [[Kodungallur]]).<ref>''Epigraphica Indica'', Volume IV. [V. Venkayya, 1896-97] pp. 290-7.</ref> | ||
Manigiramam, along with Anjuvannam and Ainurruvar, was one of major merchant guilds in medieval south India.<ref name=":0">Noburu Karashmia (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 16-18.</ref> | Manigiramam, along with Anjuvannam and Ainurruvar, was one of major merchant guilds in medieval south India.<ref name=":0">Noburu Karashmia (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 16-18.</ref> | ||
* Viraraghava is described as the descendant of certain Virakerala. | * Viraraghava is described as the descendant of certain Virakerala. | ||
* Iravikorttan is described as "the Great Merchant | * Iravikorttan is described as "the Great Merchant of the [[Kerala|Chera/Kerala]] Land" | ||
*The Four Temples (the Nalu Tali) are mentioned | *The Four Temples (the Nalu Tali) are mentioned | ||
* Witnesses mentioned | * Witnesses mentioned | ||
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{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:13th-century inscriptions]] | |||
[[Category:History of Kerala]] | [[Category:History of Kerala]] | ||
[[Category:Vatteluttu]] | [[Category:Vatteluttu]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:57, 2 January 2022
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Viraraghava copper plates, dated 1225 CE,[1][2] of Cochin, or Kottayam plates of Viraraghava Chakravartin, or Syrian Christian copper plate, or Iravi Kortann's Plate, describe the concession made by the local king Viraraghava to Syrian Christian merchant Iravikorttan, the chief of Manikkiramam (Manigiramam) in Makotaiyar Pattinam (modern Kodungallur).[3]
Manigiramam, along with Anjuvannam and Ainurruvar, was one of major merchant guilds in medieval south India.[4]
- Viraraghava is described as the descendant of certain Virakerala.
- Iravikorttan is described as "the Great Merchant of the Chera/Kerala Land"
- The Four Temples (the Nalu Tali) are mentioned
- Witnesses mentioned
- Panniyur and Chokiram
- Venadu, Odanadu, Eranadu and Valluvanadu
- The scribe is named - Nampi Chateyan
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References[edit]
- ↑ Narayanan, M. G. S. Perumāḷs of Kerala. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 222, 279, and 299.
- ↑ Veluthat, Kesavan. The Early Medieval in South India. Delhi: Oxford University Press. 2009. 152, and 154.
- ↑ Epigraphica Indica, Volume IV. [V. Venkayya, 1896-97] pp. 290-7.
- ↑ Noburu Karashmia (ed.), A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 16-18.
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