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As of June 2019, Indian Navy has 67,252 active<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 July 2019|title=Strength of Defence Forces|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1580095|access-date=16 October 2019|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref> and 55,000 reserve personnel in service and has a fleet of 150 ships and submarines, and 300 aircraft.<ref name="size">{{Cite web|last=Dutta|first=Amrita Nayak|date=2020-11-18|title=Hit by budget crunch, Indian Navy now plans to buy 2 Landing Platform Docks instead of 4|url=https://theprint.in/defence/hit-by-budget-crunch-indian-navy-now-plans-to-buy-2-landing-platform-docks-instead-of-4/546361/|access-date=2020-11-27|website=ThePrint|language=en-US|quote=[...] current strength of 150 ships and submarines.}}</ref><ref name="sizedod">{{Cite web|title=FAQ {{!}} Department Of Defence|url=https://www.mod.gov.in/dod/faq#:~:text=The%20Indian%20Navy%27s%20present%20force%20level%20comprises%20about%20150%20ships%20and%20submarines.|access-date=2020-11-27|website=www.mod.gov.in|quote=Q 1. What are the current Force Levels of the Indian Navy? [...] Ans. The Indian Navy’s present force level comprises about 150 ships and submarines. [...]}}</ref>As of October 2020, the operational fleet consists of 1 [[aircraft carrier]] active and 1 more on sea trials, 1 [[amphibious transport dock]], 8 [[Landing Ship, Tank|landing ship tanks]], 10 [[destroyer]]s, 14 [[frigate]]s, 1 [[SSN (hull classification symbol)|nuclear-powered attack submarine]], 1 [[ballistic missile submarine]], 15 conventionally-powered attack [[submarine]]s and more on sea trials, 24 [[corvette]]s, one [[mine countermeasure vessel]], 4 [[Replenishment oiler|fleet tankers]] and numerous other [[Auxiliary ship|auxiliary vessels]], [[Patrol boat|small patrol boats]] and sophisticated ships. It is considered as a multi-regional power projection [[blue-water navy]].<ref name="Lindberg-classification">{{cite book|first1=Daniel |last1=Todd |first2=Michael |last2=Lindberg|title=Navies and Shipbuilding Industries: The Strained Symbiosis|date=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275953102|pages=56–57|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=he5KL_tWQvMC|access-date=30 November 2015|ref=Todd-1996}}</ref><ref name="Kirchberger">{{cite book|last1=Kirchberger|first1=Sarah| oclc=911616881| title=Assessing China's Naval Power: Technological Innovation, Economic Constraints, and Strategic Implications|date=2015| location=Heidelberg|publisher=Springer|isbn=9783662471272|page=60}}<!--|access-date=4 December 2015--></ref>
As of June 2019, Indian Navy has 67,252 active<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 July 2019|title=Strength of Defence Forces|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1580095|access-date=16 October 2019|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref> and 55,000 reserve personnel in service and has a fleet of 150 ships and submarines, and 300 aircraft.<ref name="size">{{Cite web|last=Dutta|first=Amrita Nayak|date=2020-11-18|title=Hit by budget crunch, Indian Navy now plans to buy 2 Landing Platform Docks instead of 4|url=https://theprint.in/defence/hit-by-budget-crunch-indian-navy-now-plans-to-buy-2-landing-platform-docks-instead-of-4/546361/|access-date=2020-11-27|website=ThePrint|language=en-US|quote=[...] current strength of 150 ships and submarines.}}</ref><ref name="sizedod">{{Cite web|title=FAQ {{!}} Department Of Defence|url=https://www.mod.gov.in/dod/faq#:~:text=The%20Indian%20Navy%27s%20present%20force%20level%20comprises%20about%20150%20ships%20and%20submarines.|access-date=2020-11-27|website=www.mod.gov.in|quote=Q 1. What are the current Force Levels of the Indian Navy? [...] Ans. The Indian Navy’s present force level comprises about 150 ships and submarines. [...]}}</ref>As of October 2020, the operational fleet consists of 1 [[aircraft carrier]] active and 1 more on sea trials, 1 [[amphibious transport dock]], 8 [[Landing Ship, Tank|landing ship tanks]], 10 [[destroyer]]s, 14 [[frigate]]s, 1 [[SSN (hull classification symbol)|nuclear-powered attack submarine]], 1 [[ballistic missile submarine]], 15 conventionally-powered attack [[submarine]]s and more on sea trials, 24 [[corvette]]s, one [[mine countermeasure vessel]], 4 [[Replenishment oiler|fleet tankers]] and numerous other [[Auxiliary ship|auxiliary vessels]], [[Patrol boat|small patrol boats]] and sophisticated ships. It is considered as a multi-regional power projection [[blue-water navy]].<ref name="Lindberg-classification">{{cite book|first1=Daniel |last1=Todd |first2=Michael |last2=Lindberg|title=Navies and Shipbuilding Industries: The Strained Symbiosis|date=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275953102|pages=56–57|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=he5KL_tWQvMC|access-date=30 November 2015|ref=Todd-1996}}</ref><ref name="Kirchberger">{{cite book|last1=Kirchberger|first1=Sarah| oclc=911616881| title=Assessing China's Naval Power: Technological Innovation, Economic Constraints, and Strategic Implications|date=2015| location=Heidelberg|publisher=Springer|isbn=9783662471272|page=60}}<!--|access-date=4 December 2015--></ref>


==History==
===Early maritime history===
[[File:Ajanta Cave 2 three-mast sailship.jpg|thumb|right|Three-mast sailship, c. 5th century]]
The [[maritime history]] of [[India]] dates back to 6,000 years with the birth of art of the navigation and navigating during the [[Indus Valley Civilisation]].<ref name="Interesting facts about India - India.gov.in Archive">{{cite web|title=Interesting facts about India|url=http://india.gov.in/myindia/facts.php|website=India|publisher=Government of India|access-date=17 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206014250/http://india.gov.in/myindia/facts.php|archive-date=6 December 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> A [[Kutch district|Kutch]] mariner's log book from 19th century recorded that the first tidal dock India has been built at [[Lothal]] around 2300 BC during the Indus Valley Civilisation, near the present day harbour of [[Mangrol, Kathiawar|Mangrol]] on the Gujarat coast. The Rig Veda, credits [[Varuna]], the [[Hindu]] god of water and the [[celestial ocean]],{{Sfn|Sen|1999|p=48}} with knowledge of the ocean routes and describes the use of ships having hundred oars in the naval expeditions by Indians.


== Aircraft carriers ==
== Aircraft carriers ==

Revision as of 12:34, 4 May 2021

Flag of the Indian Navy

The Indian Navy is the naval part of the Indian Armed Forces.

In 2010, the Indian Navy had 58,350 personnel, around 170 ships and 180 aircraft.[1] It is the world's fourth largest navy in terms of personnel.

The Indian Navy traces its origins back to the East India Company's Marine which was founded in 1612 to protect British merchant shipping in the region. In 1793, the British East India Company established its rule over eastern part of the Indian subcontinent i.e. Bengal, but it was not until 1830 that the colonial navy was titled as His Majesty's Indian Navy. When India became a republic in 1950, the Royal Indian Navy as it had been named since 1934 was renamed to Indian Navy.

The primary objective of the navy is to safeguard the nation's maritime borders, and in conjunction with other Armed Forces of the union, act to deter or defeat any threats or aggression against the territory, people or maritime interests of India, both in war and peace. Through joint exercises, goodwill visits and humanitarian missions, including disaster relief, Indian Navy promotes bilateral relations between nations.

As of June 2019, Indian Navy has 67,252 active[2] and 55,000 reserve personnel in service and has a fleet of 150 ships and submarines, and 300 aircraft.[3][4]As of October 2020, the operational fleet consists of 1 aircraft carrier active and 1 more on sea trials, 1 amphibious transport dock, 8 landing ship tanks, 10 destroyers, 14 frigates, 1 nuclear-powered attack submarine, 1 ballistic missile submarine, 15 conventionally-powered attack submarines and more on sea trials, 24 corvettes, one mine countermeasure vessel, 4 fleet tankers and numerous other auxiliary vessels, small patrol boats and sophisticated ships. It is considered as a multi-regional power projection blue-water navy.[5][6]

History

Early maritime history

Three-mast sailship, c. 5th century

The maritime history of India dates back to 6,000 years with the birth of art of the navigation and navigating during the Indus Valley Civilisation.[7] A Kutch mariner's log book from 19th century recorded that the first tidal dock India has been built at Lothal around 2300 BC during the Indus Valley Civilisation, near the present day harbour of Mangrol on the Gujarat coast. The Rig Veda, credits Varuna, the Hindu god of water and the celestial ocean,[8] with knowledge of the ocean routes and describes the use of ships having hundred oars in the naval expeditions by Indians.

Aircraft carriers

INS Viraat

Currently, the Indian Navy has one aircraft carrier. Two more are being built and will enter service by 2012 and 2015.

The carrier that the Indian Navy currently uses is called INS Viraat. INS Viraat was bought by India from the United Kingdom in 1986.[9]

References

  1. ↑ "India - Navy". www.globalsecurity.org.
  2. ↑ "Strength of Defence Forces". pib.gov.in. 24 July 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  3. ↑ Dutta, Amrita Nayak (2020-11-18). "Hit by budget crunch, Indian Navy now plans to buy 2 Landing Platform Docks instead of 4". ThePrint. Retrieved 2020-11-27. [...] current strength of 150 ships and submarines.
  4. ↑ "FAQ | Department Of Defence". www.mod.gov.in. Retrieved 2020-11-27. Q 1. What are the current Force Levels of the Indian Navy? [...] Ans. The Indian Navy's present force level comprises about 150 ships and submarines. [...]
  5. ↑ Todd, Daniel; Lindberg, Michael (1996). Navies and Shipbuilding Industries: The Strained Symbiosis. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 56–57. ISBN 9780275953102. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  6. ↑ Kirchberger, Sarah (2015). Assessing China's Naval Power: Technological Innovation, Economic Constraints, and Strategic Implications. Heidelberg: Springer. p. 60. ISBN 9783662471272. OCLC 911616881.
  7. ↑ "Interesting facts about India". India. Government of India. Archived from the original on 6 December 2007. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  8. ↑ Sen 1999, p. 48.
  9. ↑ Students' Britannica India. Popular Prakashan. 2000. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-85229-760-5.


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