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{{Short description|Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014}} | {{Short description|Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014}} | ||
{{other people}} | {{other people}} | ||
{{pp-semi-protected|small=yes}} | |||
{{pp-semi-blp|small=yes}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}} | {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}} | ||
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| predecessor1 = [[Lal Krishna Advani]] | | predecessor1 = [[Lal Krishna Advani]] | ||
| successor1 = [[Narendra Modi]] | | successor1 = [[Narendra Modi]] | ||
| office3 = [[Minister of Finance (India)| | | office3 = 22nd [[Minister of Finance (India)|Minister of Finance]] | ||
| primeminister3 = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] | | primeminister3 = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] | ||
| term_start3 = 21 June 1991 | | term_start3 = 21 June 1991 | ||
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| term_end2 = 21 May 2004 | | term_end2 = 21 May 2004 | ||
| predecessor2 = [[Sikander Bakht]] | | predecessor2 = [[Sikander Bakht]] | ||
|successor2=[[Jaswant Singh]] | | successor2 = [[Jaswant Singh]] | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1932|9|26}} | | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1932|9|26}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Gah, Pakistan|Gah]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br />(present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]) | | birth_place = [[Gah, Pakistan|Gah]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br />(present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]) | ||
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| term_start4 = 19 August 2019 | | term_start4 = 19 August 2019 | ||
| constituency4 = [[Rajasthan]] | | constituency4 = [[Rajasthan]] | ||
|predecessor4=[[Madan Lal Saini]] | | predecessor4 = [[Madan Lal Saini]] | ||
| term_start5 = 1 October 1991 | | term_start5 = 1 October 1991 | ||
| term_end5 = 14 June 2019 | | term_end5 = 14 June 2019 | ||
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}} | }} | ||
{{Manmohan Singh series}} | {{Manmohan Singh series}} | ||
'''Manmohan Singh''' ({{IPA-pa|mənˈmoːɦən ˈsɪ́ŋɡ|lang|Hi-ManmohanSingh.ogg}}; born 26 September 1932) is an Indian politician, economist, academician and bureaucrat who served as the 13th [[Prime Minister of India]] from 2004 to 2014. He is the third longest-serving prime minister after [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and [[Indira Gandhi]]. A member of the [[Indian National Congress]], Singh was the first [[Sikh]] prime minister of India. He was also the first prime minister since [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term. | '''Manmohan Singh''' ({{IPA-pa|mənˈmoːɦən ˈsɪ́ŋɡ|lang|Hi-ManmohanSingh.ogg}}; born 26 September 1932) is an Indian politician, economist, academician and bureaucrat who served as the 13th [[Prime Minister of India]] from 2004 to 2014. He is the third longest-serving prime minister after [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and [[Indira Gandhi]]. A member of the [[Indian National Congress]], Singh was the first [[Sikh]] and non-Hindu prime minister of India. He was also the first prime minister since [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term. | ||
Born in [[Gah, Pakistan|Gah]], [[Punjab (region)|West Punjab]], in what is today [[Pakistan]], Singh's family migrated to India during [[Partition of India|its partition]] in 1947. After obtaining his doctorate in economics from [[Nuffield College, Oxford|Oxford]], Singh worked for the [[United Nations|UN]] during 1966–1969. He subsequently began his bureaucratic career when [[Lalit Narayan Mishra]] hired him as an advisor in the [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce and Industry]]. During the 1970s and 1980s, Singh held several key posts in the [[Government of India]], such as [[Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India|Chief Economic Advisor]] (1972–1976), governor of the [[Reserve Bank of India|Reserve Bank]] (1982–1985) and head of the [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]] (1985–1987). | Born in [[Gah, Pakistan|Gah]], [[Punjab (region)|West Punjab]], in what is today [[Pakistan]], Singh's family migrated to India during [[Partition of India|its partition]] in 1947. After obtaining his doctorate in economics from [[Nuffield College, Oxford|Oxford]], Singh worked for the [[United Nations|UN]] during 1966–1969. He subsequently began his bureaucratic career when [[Lalit Narayan Mishra]] hired him as an advisor in the [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce and Industry]]. During the 1970s and 1980s, Singh held several key posts in the [[Government of India]], such as [[Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India|Chief Economic Advisor]] (1972–1976), governor of the [[Reserve Bank of India|Reserve Bank]] (1982–1985) and head of the [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]] (1985–1987). | ||
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In 1991, as India faced a [[1991 Indian economic crisis|severe economic crisis]], the newly elected prime minister, [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]], inducted the apolitical Singh into his cabinet as [[Minister of Finance (India)|finance minister]]. Over the next few years, despite strong opposition, he carried out several structural reforms that [[Economic liberalisation in India|liberalised India's economy]]. Although these measures proved successful in averting the crisis, and enhanced Singh's reputation globally as a leading reform-minded economist, the incumbent Congress Party fared poorly in the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general election]]. Subsequently, Singh was [[Leader of the Opposition (India)|leader of the opposition]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] (the upper house of the [[Parliament of India]]) during the [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] government of 1998–2004. | In 1991, as India faced a [[1991 Indian economic crisis|severe economic crisis]], the newly elected prime minister, [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]], inducted the apolitical Singh into his cabinet as [[Minister of Finance (India)|finance minister]]. Over the next few years, despite strong opposition, he carried out several structural reforms that [[Economic liberalisation in India|liberalised India's economy]]. Although these measures proved successful in averting the crisis, and enhanced Singh's reputation globally as a leading reform-minded economist, the incumbent Congress Party fared poorly in the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general election]]. Subsequently, Singh was [[Leader of the Opposition (India)|leader of the opposition]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] (the upper house of the [[Parliament of India]]) during the [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] government of 1998–2004. | ||
In 2004, when the Congress-led [[United Progressive Alliance]] came to power, its chairperson [[Sonia Gandhi]] unexpectedly relinquished the prime ministership to Singh. His [[first Manmohan Singh ministry|first ministry]] executed several key legislations and projects, including the [[National Rural Health Mission]], [[Unique Identification Authority of India|Unique Identification Authority]], [[Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act|Rural Employment Guarantee]] scheme and [[Right to Information Act]]. In 2008, opposition to a historic [[U.S.–India Civil Nuclear Agreement|civil nuclear agreement with the United States]] nearly caused Singh's government to fall after [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]] parties withdrew their support. | In 2004, when the Congress-led [[United Progressive Alliance]] came to power, its chairperson [[Sonia Gandhi]] unexpectedly relinquished the prime ministership to Singh. His [[first Manmohan Singh ministry|first ministry]] executed several key legislations and projects, including the [[National Rural Health Mission]], [[Unique Identification Authority of India|Unique Identification Authority]], [[Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act|Rural Employment Guarantee]] scheme and [[Right to Information Act]]. In 2008, opposition to a historic [[U.S.–India Civil Nuclear Agreement|civil nuclear agreement with the United States]] nearly caused Singh's government to fall after [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]] parties withdrew their support. India's economy grew rapidly under his reign. | ||
The [[2009 Indian general election|2009 general election]] saw the UPA return with an increased mandate, with Singh retaining the office of Prime Minister. Over the next few years, Singh's [[second Manmohan Singh ministry|second ministry]] government faced a number of corruption charges over the organisation of the [[2010 Commonwealth Games]], the [[2G spectrum allocation case]] and the [[Indian coal allocation scam|allocation of coal blocks]]. After his term ended in 2014 he opted out from the race for the office of the [[Prime Minister of India|PM]] during the [[2014 Indian general election]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India's Manmohan Singh to step down as PM|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/03/india-manmohan-singh-rahul-gandhi-narendra-modi|access-date=20 April 2015|work=The Guardian|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> Singh was never a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|member of the Lok Sabha]] but has served as a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], representing the state of [[Assam]] from 1991 to 2019 and [[Rajasthan]] since 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 May 2019 |title=Congress to move Manmohan Singh from Assam |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-to-move-manmohan-singh-from-assam/article27141531.ece |access-date=5 March 2023 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> | The [[2009 Indian general election|2009 general election]] saw the UPA return with an increased mandate, with Singh retaining the office of Prime Minister. Over the next few years, Singh's [[second Manmohan Singh ministry|second ministry]] government faced a number of corruption charges over the organisation of the [[2010 Commonwealth Games]], the [[2G spectrum allocation case]] and the [[Indian coal allocation scam|allocation of coal blocks]]. After his term ended in 2014 he opted out from the race for the office of the [[Prime Minister of India|PM]] during the [[2014 Indian general election]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India's Manmohan Singh to step down as PM|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/03/india-manmohan-singh-rahul-gandhi-narendra-modi|access-date=20 April 2015|work=The Guardian|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> Singh was never a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|member of the Lok Sabha]] but has served as a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], representing the state of [[Assam]] from 1991 to 2019 and [[Rajasthan]] since 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 May 2019 |title=Congress to move Manmohan Singh from Assam |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-to-move-manmohan-singh-from-assam/article27141531.ece |access-date=5 March 2023 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> | ||
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Singh was born to Gurmukh Singh and Amrit Kaur on 26 September 1932, in [[Gah, Pakistan|Gah]], [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]], into a [[Sikh]] family.<ref name="dr mms">{{cite web|title=Detailed Profile: Dr. Manmohan Singh |url=http://india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=2 |access-date=18 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207031001/http://india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=2 |archive-date=7 December 2011 }}</ref> He lost his mother when he was very young and was raised by his paternal grandmother, to whom he was very close.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}} His early schooling was in the [[Urdu]] medium, and even as Prime Minister years later, he wrote his apparently [[Hindi]] speeches in the [[Urdu script]], although sometimes he would also use [[Gurmukhi]], a script used to write [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], his mother tongue. | Singh was born to Gurmukh Singh and Amrit Kaur on 26 September 1932, in [[Gah, Pakistan|Gah]], [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]], into a [[Sikh]] family.<ref name="dr mms">{{cite web|title=Detailed Profile: Dr. Manmohan Singh |url=http://india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=2 |access-date=18 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207031001/http://india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=2 |archive-date=7 December 2011 }}</ref> He lost his mother when he was very young and was raised by his paternal grandmother, to whom he was very close.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}} His early schooling was in the [[Urdu]] medium, and even as Prime Minister years later, he wrote his apparently [[Hindi]] speeches in the [[Urdu script]], although sometimes he would also use [[Gurmukhi]], a script used to write [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], his mother tongue. | ||
After the [[Partition of India]], his family migrated to [[Amritsar]], India, where he studied at Hindu College, Amritsar.{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}} He attended [[Panjab University]], then in [[Hoshiarpur]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punjabcolleges.com/522-indiacolleges-Government-College-Hoshiarpur/ |title=Government College, Hoshiarpur | Colleges in Hoshiarpur Punjab |publisher=Punjabcolleges.com |access-date=26 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html |title=Three sardars and their Hoshiarpur connection |publisher=Portal.bsnl.in |date=23 March 1932 |access-date=26 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128174157/http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html |archive-date=28 November 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/hoshiarpur/recent/4 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712035246/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/hoshiarpur/recent/4 | url-status=dead | archive-date=12 July 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Hoshiarpur}}</ref> Punjab, studying Economics and got his bachelor's and master's degrees in 1952 and 1954, respectively, standing first throughout his academic career. He completed his Economics Tripos at [[University of Cambridge]] in 1957. He was a member of [[St John's College, Cambridge|St John's College]].<ref name=CSIR /> | After the [[Partition of India]], his family migrated to [[Amritsar]], India, where he studied at Hindu College, Amritsar.{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}} He attended [[Panjab University]], then in [[Hoshiarpur]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punjabcolleges.com/522-indiacolleges-Government-College-Hoshiarpur/ |title=Government College, Hoshiarpur | Colleges in Hoshiarpur Punjab |publisher=Punjabcolleges.com |access-date=26 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html |title=Three sardars and their Hoshiarpur connection |publisher=Portal.bsnl.in |date=23 March 1932 |access-date=26 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128174157/http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html |archive-date=28 November 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/hoshiarpur/recent/4 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712035246/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/hoshiarpur/recent/4 | url-status=dead | archive-date=12 July 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Hoshiarpur}}</ref> Punjab, studying Economics and got his bachelor's and master's degrees in 1952 and 1954, respectively, standing first throughout his academic career. He completed his Economics Tripos at [[University of Cambridge]] in 1957. He was a member of [[St John's College, Cambridge|St John's College]].<ref name=CSIR>{{cite web|title=Curriculum Vitae of Prime Minister of India |url=http://www.csir.res.in/external/heads/aboutcsir/leaders/president/CV-manmohan.HTM |work=CSIR |access-date=13 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124024215/http://www.csir.res.in/external/heads/aboutcsir/leaders/president/CV-manmohan.HTM |archive-date=24 January 2012 }}</ref> | ||
In a 2005 interview with the British journalist [[Mark Tully]], Singh said about his Cambridge days: | In a 2005 interview with the British journalist [[Mark Tully]], Singh said about his Cambridge days: | ||
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== Prime Minister == | == Prime Minister == | ||
{{Wikinews|Manmohan Singh becomes the third longest serving Prime Minister of India}} | |||
=== First term: 2004–2009 === | === First term: 2004–2009 === | ||
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''[[The Independent]]'' described Singh as "one of the world's most revered leaders" and "a man of uncommon decency and grace", noting that he drives a [[Maruti 800]], one of the humblest cars in the Indian market. [[Khushwant Singh]] lauded Singh as the best prime minister India has had, even rating him higher than [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]. He mentions an incident in his book ''Absolute Khushwant: The Low-Down on Life, Death and Most things In-between'' where after losing the 1999 Lok Sabha elections, Singh immediately returned the {{INRConvert|2|l}} he had borrowed from the writer for hiring taxis. Terming him as the best example of integrity, Khushwant Singh stated, "When people talk of integrity, I say the best example is the man who occupies the country's highest office."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/PM-Manmohan-Singh-is-the-best-example-of-integrity-Khushwant-Singh/articleshow/6325672.cms |title=PM Manmohan Singh: PM Manmohan Singh is the best example of integrity: Khushwant Singh |work=The Times of India |date=17 August 2010 |access-date=19 December 2019}}</ref> | ''[[The Independent]]'' described Singh as "one of the world's most revered leaders" and "a man of uncommon decency and grace", noting that he drives a [[Maruti 800]], one of the humblest cars in the Indian market. [[Khushwant Singh]] lauded Singh as the best prime minister India has had, even rating him higher than [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]. He mentions an incident in his book ''Absolute Khushwant: The Low-Down on Life, Death and Most things In-between'' where after losing the 1999 Lok Sabha elections, Singh immediately returned the {{INRConvert|2|l}} he had borrowed from the writer for hiring taxis. Terming him as the best example of integrity, Khushwant Singh stated, "When people talk of integrity, I say the best example is the man who occupies the country's highest office."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/PM-Manmohan-Singh-is-the-best-example-of-integrity-Khushwant-Singh/articleshow/6325672.cms |title=PM Manmohan Singh: PM Manmohan Singh is the best example of integrity: Khushwant Singh |work=The Times of India |date=17 August 2010 |access-date=19 December 2019}}</ref> | ||
In 2010, [[Newsweek|''Newsweek'' magazine]] recognised him as a world leader who is respected by other heads of state, describing him as "the leader other leaders love." The article quoted [[Mohamed ElBaradei]], who remarked that Singh is "the model of what a political leader should be."<ref>{{cite web|author=Christopher Dickey|url=http://www.newsweek.com/content/newsweek/2010/08/16/go-to-the-head-of-the-class.html |title=Go to the Head of the Class |work=Newsweek |date=16 August 2010 |access-date=15 February 2011}}</ref> Singh also received the World Statesman Award in 2010. [[Henry Kissinger]] described Singh as "a statesman with vision, persistence and integrity", and praised him for his "leadership, which has been instrumental in the economic transformation underway in India."<ref name= | In 2010, [[Newsweek|''Newsweek'' magazine]] recognised him as a world leader who is respected by other heads of state, describing him as "the leader other leaders love." The article quoted [[Mohamed ElBaradei]], who remarked that Singh is "the model of what a political leader should be."<ref>{{cite web|author=Christopher Dickey|url=http://www.newsweek.com/content/newsweek/2010/08/16/go-to-the-head-of-the-class.html |title=Go to the Head of the Class |work=Newsweek |date=16 August 2010 |access-date=15 February 2011}}</ref> Singh also received the World Statesman Award in 2010. [[Henry Kissinger]] described Singh as "a statesman with vision, persistence and integrity", and praised him for his "leadership, which has been instrumental in the economic transformation underway in India."<ref name=worldstatesmanaward>{{cite news|last=PTI |title=Manmohan Singh honoured with 2010 World Statesman Award |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/Americas/Manmohan-Singh-honoured-with-2010-World-Statesman-Award/Article1-603591.aspx |access-date=27 March 2012 |newspaper=Hindustan Times |date=23 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509014458/http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/Americas/Manmohan-Singh-honoured-with-2010-World-Statesman-Award/Article1-603591.aspx |archive-date=9 May 2013 }}</ref> | ||
Manmohan Singh was ranked 18 on the 2010 [[Forbes list of the World's Most Powerful People]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/manmohan-singh | work=Forbes | title= The World's Most Powerful People: Manmohan Singh| date=3 November 2010}}</ref> ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine described Singh as being "universally praised as India's best prime minister since Nehru".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/sonia-gandhi | work=Forbes | title= The World's Most Powerful People: Sonia Gandhi| date=3 November 2010}}</ref> Australian journalist [[Greg Sheridan]] praised Singh "as one of the greatest statesmen in Asian history."<ref name="TA">{{cite web |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,25513283-7583,00.html|title=Strengthen Team India|work=The Australian|date=21 May 2009|access-date=17 March 2011}}</ref> Singh was later ranked 19 and 28 in 2012 and 2013 in the Forbes list.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/manmohan-singh/|title=Manmohan Singh|website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=16 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.reuters.com/india/2013/10/31/sonia-gandhi-manmohan-singh-slip-in-forbes-most-powerful-list/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103061614/http://blogs.reuters.com/india/2013/10/31/sonia-gandhi-manmohan-singh-slip-in-forbes-most-powerful-list/|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 November 2013|title=Sonia Gandhi, Manmohan Singh slip in Forbes' most powerful list|first=Tony|last=Tharakan|access-date=16 November 2016|date=31 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/photos/news/these-are-the-worlds-most-powerful-people-14299#photo-185869|title=These are the world's most powerful people, Photo Gallery|access-date=16 November 2016}}</ref> | Manmohan Singh was ranked 18 on the 2010 [[Forbes list of the World's Most Powerful People]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/manmohan-singh | work=Forbes | title= The World's Most Powerful People: Manmohan Singh| date=3 November 2010}}</ref> ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine described Singh as being "universally praised as India's best prime minister since Nehru".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/sonia-gandhi | work=Forbes | title= The World's Most Powerful People: Sonia Gandhi| date=3 November 2010}}</ref> Australian journalist [[Greg Sheridan]] praised Singh "as one of the greatest statesmen in Asian history."<ref name="TA">{{cite web |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,25513283-7583,00.html|title=Strengthen Team India|work=The Australian|date=21 May 2009|access-date=17 March 2011}}</ref> Singh was later ranked 19 and 28 in 2012 and 2013 in the Forbes list.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/manmohan-singh/|title=Manmohan Singh|website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=16 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.reuters.com/india/2013/10/31/sonia-gandhi-manmohan-singh-slip-in-forbes-most-powerful-list/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103061614/http://blogs.reuters.com/india/2013/10/31/sonia-gandhi-manmohan-singh-slip-in-forbes-most-powerful-list/|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 November 2013|title=Sonia Gandhi, Manmohan Singh slip in Forbes' most powerful list|first=Tony|last=Tharakan|access-date=16 November 2016|date=31 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/photos/news/these-are-the-worlds-most-powerful-people-14299#photo-185869|title=These are the world's most powerful people, Photo Gallery|access-date=16 November 2016}}</ref> | ||
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* [[Prime Minister of India]] (22 May 2004 – 26 May 2014) | * [[Prime Minister of India]] (22 May 2004 – 26 May 2014) | ||
*[[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] (19 August 2019 – Present) | *[[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] (19 August 2019 – Present) | ||
== In popular culture == | == In popular culture == | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{Commons|Manmohan Singh}} | |||
{{Wikiquote}} | |||
* [http://archivepmo.nic.in/drmanmohansingh/ Prime Minister Manmohan Singh] ''Prime Ministers Office, Archived'' | * [http://archivepmo.nic.in/drmanmohansingh/ Prime Minister Manmohan Singh] ''Prime Ministers Office, Archived'' | ||
* [http://archivepmo.nic.in/drmanmohansingh/pmsprofile.php Profile and CV of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh] ''Prime Ministers Office, Archived'' | * [http://archivepmo.nic.in/drmanmohansingh/pmsprofile.php Profile and CV of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh] ''Prime Ministers Office, Archived'' | ||