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The '''Pulayar''', {{IPA-ml|pulɐjɐr|IPA}}, (also '''Cheramar''' and '''Cheraman''') is a in Hinduism, forming one of the main [[social groups]] in modern-day [[Kerala]] and [[Karnataka]] as well as in historical [[Tamil Nadu]] or Tamilakam. | The '''Pulayar''', {{IPA-ml|pulɐjɐr|IPA}}, (also '''Pulaya''', '''Pulayas''', '''Cherumar''', '''Cheramar''' and '''Cheraman''') is a [[Dalit]] (untouchable) [[Caste system in India|caste]]<ref>{{cite book |title=An Untouchable Community in South India: Structure and Consensus |first=Michael |last=Moffatt |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-40087-036-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L4t9BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA42 |page=42}}</ref> in Hinduism, forming one of the main [[social groups]] in modern-day [[Kerala]] and [[Karnataka]] as well as in historical [[Tamil Nadu]] or Tamilakam. | ||
== Traditions == | == Traditions == | ||
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== Demography == | == Demography == | ||
According to the 2011 Census, the Pulayan population in Kerala was 1,338,008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/SC.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2019-08-31}}</ref> | According to the 2011 Census, the Pulayan population in Kerala was 1,338,008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/SC.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2019-08-31}}</ref> They are a [[Scheduled Caste]] under India's [[reservation in India|reservation system]] in that state<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.keralapsc.gov.in/list-scheduled-castes-kerala-state |title=List of Scheduled Castes in the Kerala State |publisher=Kerala Public Service Commission, State Government of Kerala |access-date=2020-06-30}}</ref> and in Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://socialjustice.nic.in/UserView/index?mid=76750 |publisher=Ministry of Social Justice |date=2017 |access-date=2020-07-20 |title=Tamil Nadu}}</ref> | ||
== Notable people == | == Notable people == | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* | * [[Caste system in Kerala]] | ||
* | |||
Arts of Pulayar caste: | |||
* [[Chimmanakali]] | |||
* [[Mangalamkali]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 20:43, 28 January 2023
The Pulayar, IPA: [pulɐjɐr], (also Pulaya, Pulayas, Cherumar, Cheramar and Cheraman) is a Dalit (untouchable) caste[1] in Hinduism, forming one of the main social groups in modern-day Kerala and Karnataka as well as in historical Tamil Nadu or Tamilakam.
Traditions
Pulayars are noted for their music, craftsmanship, and for certain dances which include Kōlam-thullal, a mask dance which is part of their exorcism rituals, as well as the Mudi-āttam or hair-dance which has its origins in a fertility ritual.[2][3][4]
Demography
According to the 2011 Census, the Pulayan population in Kerala was 1,338,008.[5] They are a Scheduled Caste under India's reservation system in that state[6] and in Tamil Nadu.[7]
Notable people
- Ayyankali (1863 - 1941), social reformer
- K. P. Vallon (1894 - 1940), social reformer
- P. K. Rosy (1903 - 1988), first heroine of Malayalam cinema
See also
Arts of Pulayar caste:
References
- ↑ Moffatt, Michael (2015). An Untouchable Community in South India: Structure and Consensus. Princeton University Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-40087-036-3.
- ↑ "PRIMAL ELEMENTS:THE ORAL TRADITION".
- ↑
"Early Evidence for Caste in South India, p. 467-492 in Dimensions of Social Life: Essays in honor of David G. Mandelbaum, Edited by Paul Hockings and Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam, 1987".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ http://www.soas.ac.uk/research/publications/journals/ijjs/file46109.pdf
- ↑ "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 31 August 2019.
- ↑ "List of Scheduled Castes in the Kerala State". Kerala Public Service Commission, State Government of Kerala. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
- ↑ "Tamil Nadu". Ministry of Social Justice. 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2020.