Chola invasion of Kalinga (1097): Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Medieval invasion}}
{{Short description|1097 Chola military campaign}}
{{moresources|date=August 2019}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
The first '''Chola invasion of Kalinga''' by [[Kulothunga Chola I]] in 1097 was intended to avenge the invasion of [[Vengi]] by the forces of [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga]].<ref name="senp485">{{cite book|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|page=485|first=Sailendra Nath|last=Sen|publisher=New Age International|id=|year=1999|isbn=8122411983}}</ref> The war resulted in the subjugation of Kalinga and its reduction to the position of a tributary state of the [[Chola Empire]].
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict          = Chola invasion of Kalinga (1097)
| date              = 1097
| place            = [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]] (present-day [[Odisha]])
| coordinates      =
| map_type          =
| map_relief        =
| map_size          =
| map_marksize      =
| map_caption      =
| map_label        =
| result            = [[Chola]] victory
| status            =
| combatants_header =
| combatant1        = [[Chola Empire]]
| combatant2        = [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]]
| combatant3        =
| commander1        = [[Kulottunga I]]<br>[[Karunakara Tondaiman]]
| commander2        = Unknown
| commander3        =
| units1            =
| units2            =
| units3            =
| strength1        =
| strength2        =
| strength3        =
| casualties1      =
| casualties2      =
| casualties3      = Large number of civilians killed or enslaved
| notes            =
| campaignbox      =
| image            =
| caption          = The Army of [[Eastern Ganga dynasty|Kalinga]].
}}
 
The first '''Chola invasion of Kalinga''' by [[Kulothunga Chola I]] in 1097 was intended to avenge the invasion of [[Vengi]] by the forces of [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga]].<ref name="senp485">{{cite book|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|page=485|first=Sailendra Nath|last=Sen|publisher=New Age International|id=|year=1999|isbn=8122411983}}</ref> The war resulted in the subjugation of Southern part of Kalinga (between [[Godavari]] and Mahendra),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=R. S. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.459498 |title=A Comprehensive History Of India Vol. 4 Part 1 |date=1957}}</ref> and successful suppression of the revolts.


== Causes ==
== Causes ==
 
In 1097, the army of Kalinga invaded the [[Eastern Chalukya]]s which was then a vassal of the Cholas. The troops of Kalinga were supported by the chief of [[Kolanu]] near [[Ellore]]. A huge army under [[Vikrama Chola]] was sent to repulse the invaders. The army was supported by troops under the [[Pandya]] viceroy, [[Parantaka Pandya]] which then defeated the army which made their revolt unsuccessful.
In 1097, the army of Kalinga invaded the [[Eastern Chalukya]] kingdom which was then a vassal of the Chola Empire. The troops of Kalinga were supported by the chief of [[Kolanu]] near [[Ellore]]. A huge army under [[Vikrama Chola]] was sent to repulse the invaders. The army was supported by troops under the [[Pandya]] viceroy, [[Parantaka Pandya]]. The invasion was beaten back and the retreating army was pursued back into Kalinga. Kalinga was subdued after a drawn-out war.


== See also ==
== See also ==
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[[Category:1097 in Asia]]
[[Category:1097 in Asia]]
[[Category:11th century in India]]
[[Category:11th century in India]]
[[Category:Wars involving the Chola Empire]]

Latest revision as of 03:52, 15 March 2026


Chola invasion of Kalinga (1097)
Date1097
Location
Kalinga (present-day Odisha)
Result Chola victory
Belligerents
Chola Empire Eastern Ganga dynasty
Commanders and leaders
Kulottunga I
Karunakara Tondaiman		 Unknown
Casualties and losses
Large number of civilians killed or enslaved

The first Chola invasion of Kalinga by Kulothunga Chola I in 1097 was intended to avenge the invasion of Vengi by the forces of Kalinga.[1] The war resulted in the subjugation of Southern part of Kalinga (between Godavari and Mahendra),[2] and successful suppression of the revolts.

Causes[edit | edit source]

In 1097, the army of Kalinga invaded the Eastern Chalukyas which was then a vassal of the Cholas. The troops of Kalinga were supported by the chief of Kolanu near Ellore. A huge army under Vikrama Chola was sent to repulse the invaders. The army was supported by troops under the Pandya viceroy, Parantaka Pandya which then defeated the army which made their revolt unsuccessful.

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International. p. 485. ISBN 8122411983.
  2. ↑ Sharma, R. S. (1957). A Comprehensive History Of India Vol. 4 Part 1.

References[edit | edit source]

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