National symbols of the State of Palestine (edit)
Revision as of 21:12, 14 August 2022
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Image:Flag of Jerusalem Troops.png|thumb|Al-quds flag.]] | |||
The scope of what is included in the symbols of Palestine includes the state flag and its ensign based on the Flag of the Arab Revolt. It also includes Palestinian vexillology and signs used by the Palestinian National Authority.<ref>The Palestinian People: A History - Page 392, Baruch Kimmerling - 2009</ref> The [[fida'i]] is its national anthem. The [[Palestine sunbird]] has been suggested as a possible [[national bird]] of [[State of Palestine|Palestine]] in the future.<ref>[http://portal.wildlife-pal.org/php/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=28 The First Palestinian Bird Migration Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825000537/http://portal.wildlife-pal.org/php/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=28 |date=2011-08-25 }}, Palestine Wildlife Society. Retrieved 29 July 2009.</ref> The [[Palestinian Authority passport]] has been described as a 'crucial symbol of nationhood.'<ref>Jordan Times, 25 Jan. 1995</ref> [[Postage stamps and postal history of the Palestinian National Authority]] also constitute as a national symbol. The list of foundational symbols of [[Palestinian nationalism|Palestinian identity]] include: | The scope of what is included in the symbols of Palestine includes the state flag and its ensign based on the Flag of the Arab Revolt. It also includes Palestinian vexillology and signs used by the Palestinian National Authority.<ref>The Palestinian People: A History - Page 392, Baruch Kimmerling - 2009</ref> The [[fida'i]] is its national anthem. The [[Palestine sunbird]] has been suggested as a possible [[national bird]] of [[State of Palestine|Palestine]] in the future.<ref>[http://portal.wildlife-pal.org/php/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=28 The First Palestinian Bird Migration Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825000537/http://portal.wildlife-pal.org/php/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=28 |date=2011-08-25 }}, Palestine Wildlife Society. Retrieved 29 July 2009.</ref> The [[Palestinian Authority passport]] has been described as a 'crucial symbol of nationhood.'<ref>Jordan Times, 25 Jan. 1995</ref> [[Postage stamps and postal history of the Palestinian National Authority]] also constitute as a national symbol. The list of foundational symbols of [[Palestinian nationalism|Palestinian identity]] include: | ||
* [[Temple Mount|Al Aqsa]] (compound), particularly the [[Dome of the Rock]]<ref>{{cite journal | last=Cohen | first=Hillel | title=The Temple Mount/al-Aqsa in Zionist and Palestinian National Consciousness: A Comparative View | journal=Israel Studies Review | publisher=Berghahn Books | volume=32 | issue=1 | year=2017 | issn=21590370, 21590389 | jstor=45238302 | pages=1, 8-9, 17 |url=https://www.academia.edu/33360120/The_Temple_Mount_al_Aqsa_in_Zionist_and_Palestinian_National_Consciousness_A_Comparative_View | quote=The holy site known to Jews as the Temple Mount and to Muslims as Haram al-Sharif or al-Aqsa is central to both the Jewish and Palestinian Arab national movements… Al-Aqsa can thus be seen as the central symbol of Palestinian nationalism... One should bear in mind that since the emergence of nationalism in the Arab world, important schools have insisted on separation of religion and state. In addition, a degree of tension exists between al-Aqsa’s two aspects, as a national symbol uniting Palestinian Muslims and Christians, and al-Aqsa as an exclusively Muslim symbol. In other words, the intentions of Palestinians united under the banner of al-Aqsa are not all the same… For the Palestinians, al-Aqsa is a singular focal point of self-respect and religious destiny. This heightens their commitment to the site, without connection to their religious affiliation (Muslim or Christian) or level of religious belief and observance.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Reiter |first=Yitzhak |year=2013 |title=Narratives of Jerusalem and its Sacred Compound |journal=Israel Studies |publisher=Indiana University Press |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=115–132 |doi=10.2979/israelstudies.18.2.115 |s2cid=143739581 |issn=1084-9513 |quote=This article deals with the employment of religious symbols for national identities and national narratives by using the sacred compound in Jerusalem (The Temple Mount/al-Aqsa) as a case study. The narrative of The Holy Land involves three concentric circles, each encompassing the other, with each side having its own names for each circle. These are: Palestine/Eretz Israel (i.e., the Land of Israel); Jerusalem/al-Quds and finally The Temple Mount/al-Aqsa compound...Within the struggle over public awareness of Jerusalem's importance, one particular site is at the eye of the storm—the Temple Mount and its Western Wall—the Jewish Kotel—or, in Muslim terminology, the al-Aqsa compound (alternatively: al-Haram al-Sharif) including the al-Buraq Wall... "Al-Aqsa" for the Palestinian-Arab-Muslim side is not merely a mosque mentioned in the Quran within the context of the Prophet Muhammad's miraculous Night Journey to al-Aqsa which, according to tradition, concluded with his ascension to heaven (and prayer with all of the prophets and the Jewish and Christian religious figures who preceded him); rather, it also constitutes a unique symbol of identity, one around which various political objectives may be formulated, plans of action drawn up and masses mobilized for their realization |author-link=Yitzhak Reiter}}</ref><ref>[[Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs]]; Tim Marshall: "Many people believe that the mosque depicted is called the Al-Aqsa; however, a visit to one of Palestine's most eminent intellectuals, Mahdi F. Abdul Hadi, clarified the issue. Hadi is chairman of the Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, based in East Jerusalem. His offices are a treasure trove of old photographs, documents, and symbols. He was kind enough to spend several hours with me. He spread out maps of Jerusalem's Old City on a huge desk and homed in on the Al-Aqsa compound, which sits above the Western Wall. "The mosque in the Al- Aqsa [Brigades] flag is the Dome of the Rock. Everyone takes it for granted that it is the Al-Aqsa mosque, but no, the whole compound is Al-Aqsa, and on it are two mosques, the Qibla mosque and the Dome of the Rock, and on the flags of both Al-Aqsa Brigades and the Qassam Brigades, it is the Dome of the Rock shown," he said. {{cite book |author=Tim Marshall |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ysYpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 |title=A Flag Worth Dying For: The Power and Politics of National Symbols |date=4 July 2017 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-5011-6833-8 |pages=151–}}; [[Mahdi Abdul Hadi]], [http://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BROŞÜRLERİ/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf Mahdi Abdul Hadi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216194529/https://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BRO%c5%9e%c3%9cRLER%c4%b0/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf|date=2020-02-16}}: "Al-Aqsa Mosque, also referred to as Al-Haram Ash-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary), comprises the entire area within the compound walls (a total area of 144,000 m2) - including all the mosques, prayer rooms, buildings, platforms and open courtyards located above or under the grounds - and exceeds 200 historical monuments pertaining to various Islamic eras. According to Islamic creed and jurisprudence, all these buildings and courtyards enjoy the same degree of sacredness since they are built on Al-Aqsa's holy grounds. This sacredness is not exclusive to the physical structures allocated for prayer, like the Dome of the Rock or Al-Qibly Mosque (the mosque with the large silver dome)"</ref> | * [[Temple Mount|Al Aqsa]] (compound), particularly the [[Dome of the Rock]]<ref>{{cite journal | last=Cohen | first=Hillel | title=The Temple Mount/al-Aqsa in Zionist and Palestinian National Consciousness: A Comparative View | journal=Israel Studies Review | publisher=Berghahn Books | volume=32 | issue=1 | year=2017 | issn=21590370, 21590389 | jstor=45238302 | pages=1, 8-9, 17 |url=https://www.academia.edu/33360120/The_Temple_Mount_al_Aqsa_in_Zionist_and_Palestinian_National_Consciousness_A_Comparative_View | quote=The holy site known to Jews as the Temple Mount and to Muslims as Haram al-Sharif or al-Aqsa is central to both the Jewish and Palestinian Arab national movements… Al-Aqsa can thus be seen as the central symbol of Palestinian nationalism... One should bear in mind that since the emergence of nationalism in the Arab world, important schools have insisted on separation of religion and state. In addition, a degree of tension exists between al-Aqsa’s two aspects, as a national symbol uniting Palestinian Muslims and Christians, and al-Aqsa as an exclusively Muslim symbol. In other words, the intentions of Palestinians united under the banner of al-Aqsa are not all the same… For the Palestinians, al-Aqsa is a singular focal point of self-respect and religious destiny. This heightens their commitment to the site, without connection to their religious affiliation (Muslim or Christian) or level of religious belief and observance.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Reiter |first=Yitzhak |year=2013 |title=Narratives of Jerusalem and its Sacred Compound |journal=Israel Studies |publisher=Indiana University Press |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=115–132 |doi=10.2979/israelstudies.18.2.115 |s2cid=143739581 |issn=1084-9513 |quote=This article deals with the employment of religious symbols for national identities and national narratives by using the sacred compound in Jerusalem (The Temple Mount/al-Aqsa) as a case study. The narrative of The Holy Land involves three concentric circles, each encompassing the other, with each side having its own names for each circle. These are: Palestine/Eretz Israel (i.e., the Land of Israel); Jerusalem/al-Quds and finally The Temple Mount/al-Aqsa compound...Within the struggle over public awareness of Jerusalem's importance, one particular site is at the eye of the storm—the Temple Mount and its Western Wall—the Jewish Kotel—or, in Muslim terminology, the al-Aqsa compound (alternatively: al-Haram al-Sharif) including the al-Buraq Wall... "Al-Aqsa" for the Palestinian-Arab-Muslim side is not merely a mosque mentioned in the Quran within the context of the Prophet Muhammad's miraculous Night Journey to al-Aqsa which, according to tradition, concluded with his ascension to heaven (and prayer with all of the prophets and the Jewish and Christian religious figures who preceded him); rather, it also constitutes a unique symbol of identity, one around which various political objectives may be formulated, plans of action drawn up and masses mobilized for their realization |author-link=Yitzhak Reiter}}</ref><ref>[[Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs]]; Tim Marshall: "Many people believe that the mosque depicted is called the Al-Aqsa; however, a visit to one of Palestine's most eminent intellectuals, Mahdi F. Abdul Hadi, clarified the issue. Hadi is chairman of the Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, based in East Jerusalem. His offices are a treasure trove of old photographs, documents, and symbols. He was kind enough to spend several hours with me. He spread out maps of Jerusalem's Old City on a huge desk and homed in on the Al-Aqsa compound, which sits above the Western Wall. "The mosque in the Al- Aqsa [Brigades] flag is the Dome of the Rock. Everyone takes it for granted that it is the Al-Aqsa mosque, but no, the whole compound is Al-Aqsa, and on it are two mosques, the Qibla mosque and the Dome of the Rock, and on the flags of both Al-Aqsa Brigades and the Qassam Brigades, it is the Dome of the Rock shown," he said. {{cite book |author=Tim Marshall |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ysYpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 |title=A Flag Worth Dying For: The Power and Politics of National Symbols |date=4 July 2017 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-5011-6833-8 |pages=151–}}; [[Mahdi Abdul Hadi]], [http://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BROŞÜRLERİ/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf Mahdi Abdul Hadi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216194529/https://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BRO%c5%9e%c3%9cRLER%c4%b0/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf|date=2020-02-16}}: "Al-Aqsa Mosque, also referred to as Al-Haram Ash-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary), comprises the entire area within the compound walls (a total area of 144,000 m2) - including all the mosques, prayer rooms, buildings, platforms and open courtyards located above or under the grounds - and exceeds 200 historical monuments pertaining to various Islamic eras. According to Islamic creed and jurisprudence, all these buildings and courtyards enjoy the same degree of sacredness since they are built on Al-Aqsa's holy grounds. This sacredness is not exclusive to the physical structures allocated for prayer, like the Dome of the Rock or Al-Qibly Mosque (the mosque with the large silver dome)"</ref> | ||