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| {{for|the 2018 film|Irumbu Thirai (2018 film)}}
| | '''''Irumbu Thirai''''' ({{Translation|Iron Curtain}}) may refer to: |
| {{EngvarB|date=September 2018}}
| | * [[Irumbu Thirai (1960 film)|''Irumbu Thirai'' (1960 film)]], an Indian Tamil-language film |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
| | * [[Irumbu Thirai (2018 film)|''Irumbu Thirai'' (2018 film)]], an Indian Tamil-language film |
| {{Infobox film
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| | name = Irumbu Thirai
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| | image = Irumbu Thirai.JPG
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| | border = no
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| | caption = Theatrical release poster
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| | director = [[S. S. Vasan]]
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| | producer = S. S. Vasan
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| | story = Ganesh Subramaniam along with Gemini Story Department
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| | starring = [[Sivaji Ganesan]]<br />[[Vyjayanthimala]]<br />[[K. A. Thangavelu]]<br />[[B. Saroja Devi]]
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| | music = [[S. V. Venkatraman]]
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| | cinematography = P. Elappa<br />N. C. Bala Krishna
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| | editing = M. Umanath
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| | studio = [[Gemini Studios]]
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| | released = {{film date|1960|1|14|df=y}}
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| | runtime =
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| | country = India
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| | language = Tamil
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| }}
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| '''''Irumbu Thirai''''' ({{translation|Iron Curtain}}) is a 1960 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film produced and directed by [[S. S. Vasan]]. The film stars [[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Vyjayanthimala]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]] and [[B. Saroja Devi]], with [[S. V. Ranga Rao]], [[Pandari Bai]] and [[Vasundhara Devi]] in supporting roles. A remake of the [[Hindi]] film ''[[Paigham]]'' (1959), it revolves around the two brothers Manikam and Kondamuthu and their mill owner. | |
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| The soundtrack was composed by [[S. V. Venkatraman]] and the lyrics were written by [[Kothamangalam Subbu]], [[Papanasam Sivan]] and [[Pattukkottai Kalyanasundaram]]. The editing was done by M. Umanath while the camera was handled by P. Elappa and N. C. Bala Krishna. The film was released on 14 January 1960 and ran more than 175 days in theatres.
| | ==See also== |
| | *[[Iron Curtain (disambiguation)]] |
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| == Plot ==
| | {{disambiguation}} |
| {{more plot|date=June 2021}} | |
| The story revolves around the two brothers Manikam and Kondamuthu and their mill owner.
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| == Cast ==
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| {{Col-begin|width=60%}}
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| {{col-break|width=50%}}
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| * [[Sivaji Ganesan]] as Manickam
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| * [[Vyjayanthimala]] as Manju
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| * [[B. Saroja Devi]] as Malathi
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| * [[Pandari Bai]] as Parvathi
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| * [[S. V. Subbiah]] as Saravanan
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| * [[S. V. Ranga Rao]] as Mohanarangam
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| * [[Vasundhara Devi]] as Manju's Mother
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| * [[B. V. Radha]] as Malathi's Mother
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| * [[K. A. Thangavelu]] as Kondamuthu
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| * [[T. S. Durairaj]] as Nandu
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| * Vanaja as Challi
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| * [[D. Balasubramaniam]] as Sett
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| * [[C. R. Parthiban|Parthiban]] as Circle Inspector
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| * Mukherji as Inspector
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| * Seetalakshmi as Sheela
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| * G. V. Sharma as Jeevan
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| * Pushpamala as Kamala
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| * Master Gopi as Bhola
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| * Karupaiah as Kundan
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| * S. R. Janaki as Sett's wife
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| * Pattusami as Sleuth
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| * Azhwar Kuppusami as Prosecutor
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| * Kannan as Judge
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| {{col-end}}
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| == Production ==
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| In 1959, [[S. S. Vasan]], the proprietor of [[Gemini Studios]], began working on a film built around capital-labour relations.<ref name="finger" /> The film, which was the Tamil remake of the [[Hindi]] film ''[[Paigham]]'',<ref name="sriramv" /> was untitled, and the creative team of Gemini could not come up with a convincing title. Vasan invited his employees to suggest a title for the under-production film, and he received an abundance of entries; one office boy submitted as many as 2500 entries. After examining one by one, Vasan chose the title ''Irumbu Thirai'' ({{translation|Iron Curtain}}). He also hosted a reception to honour the boy who suggested the title and rewarded him with some prize money.<ref name="finger" /> Besides producing, Vasan also directed the film.<ref name="kamadenu" />
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| The female cast of ''Paigham'' – [[Vyjayanthimala]], [[B. Saroja Devi]] and [[Pandari Bai]] – returned to star in ''Irumbu Thirai'',<ref>{{Cite magazine |year=1959 |title=Gemini's ''Paigham'' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N5gcAQAAMAAJ&q=PAIGHAM |magazine=Thought |publisher=Siddhartha Publications |volume=11 |page=156}}</ref><ref name="lakshmansruthi" /> while [[Sivaji Ganesan]] reprised the role originally played by [[Dilip Kumar]]. It was a "coup of sorts" for Vasan to cast Ganesan since the latter had earlier been rejected by the former for a role in ''[[Chandralekha (1948 film)|Chandralekha]]'' (1948), an incident which created a permanent rift between them.<ref name="sriramv" />{{sfn|Guy|1997|p=282}} [[K. A. Thangavelu]], [[S. V. Ranga Rao]] and [[S. V. Subbaiah]] were cast in supporting roles.<ref name="kamadenu" /> Vyjayanthimala's mother [[Vasundhara Devi]] played her screen mother as well.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pradeep |first=K. |date=2 November 2011 |title=Dance and Vyjayantimala |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/dance-and-vyjayantimala/article2591559.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318014547/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/dance-and-vyjayantimala/article2591559.ece |archive-date=18 March 2014}}</ref> The final length of the film was 18396 feet.<ref name="lakshmansruthi" />
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| == Themes ==
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| ''Irumbu Thirai'' focuses on capital-labour relations,<ref name="finger" /> and the conditions of working-class people.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vijayakumar |first=B. |date=1 May 2017 |title=Punnapra Vayalar: 1968 |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/punnapra-vayalar-1968/article18346031.ece |url-status=live |access-date=28 September 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180928060516/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/punnapra-vayalar-1968/article18346031.ece |archive-date=28 September 2018 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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| == Soundtrack ==
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| The soundtrack was composed by [[S. V. Venkatraman]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 April 2011 |title=Tunesmith of many dimensions |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/Tunesmith-of-many-dimensions/article14691463.ece |url-status=live |access-date=27 September 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180927113726/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/Tunesmith-of-many-dimensions/article14691463.ece |archive-date=27 September 2018}}</ref> The album had [[Kothamangalam Subbu]], [[Papanasam Sivan]] and [[Pattukkottai Kalyanasundaram]] as the lyricists.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Filmography {{!}} Lyricist |url=http://www.kothamangalamsubbu.com/filmography_lyricist.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426001637/http://www.kothamangalamsubbu.com/filmography_lyricist.shtml |archive-date=26 April 2012 |access-date=25 November 2011 |website=Kottamangalam Subbu}}</ref> The singers consist of [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[Thiruchi Loganathan]], [[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]], [[P. Leela]], [[Jikki]], [[Radha Jayalakshmi|(Radha) Jayalakshmi]] & [[K. Jamuna Rani]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Neelamegam |first=G. |title=Thiraikalanjiyam – Part 1 |date=December 2014 |publisher=Manivasagar Publishers |edition=1st |location=Chennai |pages=191 |language=Tamil}}</ref> The song "Nenjil Kudiyirukkum" is set in the [[carnatic raga]] known as [[Shanmukhapriya]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=2 September 2011 |title=A Raga's Journey – Sacred Shanmukhapriya |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/metroplus/article2418290.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102204446/http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/metroplus/article2418290.ece |archive-date=2 November 2012}}</ref> while the classical-themed "Enna Seidhaalum" is set in [[Kharaharapriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Anil |author-link=Anil Srinivasan |date=24 July 2015 |title=How Carnatic music has enriched – and been enriched by – movie scores |url=https://scroll.in/article/743532/how-carnatic-music-has-enriched-and-been-enriched-by-movie-scores |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928033720/https://scroll.in/article/743532/how-carnatic-music-has-enriched-and-been-enriched-by-movie-scores |archive-date=28 September 2018 |access-date=27 September 2018 |website=[[Scroll.in]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=13 April 2012 |title=A Raga's Journey — Kingly Kharaharapriya |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-kingly-kharaharapriya/article3310742.ece |url-status=live |access-date=28 September 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180928165416/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-kingly-kharaharapriya/article3310742.ece |archive-date=28 September 2018}}</ref>
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| {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%;"
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| ! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length
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| | 1 || "Nenjil Kudiyirukkum" || T. M. Soundararajan & P. Leela || rowspan=4| Pattukkottai Kalyanasundaram || 03:57
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| |-
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| | 2 || "Aasai Konda Nenju Rendu" || P. Leela || 04:27
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| | 3 || "Manidharai Manidhar Sari Nigar Samamaai" || Sirkazhi Govindarajan || 02:40
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| | 4 || "Kaiyile Vaanginen Paiyile Podalai" || rowspan=2|Thiruchi Loganathan ||03:00
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| | 5 || "Erai Piditthavanum English Padichavanum" || rowspan=5|Kothamangalam Subbu || 03:19
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| | 6 || "Nandri Ketta Manitharukku" || Sirkazhi Govindarajan || 03:22
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| | 7 || "Dabba Dabba Dabba" || S. C. Krishnan ||
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| | 8 || "Padipirkum Oru Kumbidu" || P. Leela & Jikki || 02:47
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| | 9 || "Nikkatuma Pogatuma" || Thiruchi Loganathan & K. Jamuna Rani ||
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| | 10 || "Enna Seidhaalum" || (Radha) Jayalakshmi || Papanasam Sivan || 02:52
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| |}
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| == Release ==
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| ''Irumbu Thirai'' was released on 14 January 1960.<ref name="kamadenu" /> The film was a commercial success, running for over 175 days in theatres and thereby becoming [[silver jubilee]] film.{{sfn|Ganesan|Narayana Swamy|2007|p=241}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Selvaraj |first=N. |date=20 March 2017 |title=வெள்ளி விழா கண்ட தமிழ் திரைப்படங்கள் |trans-title=Tamil films that completed silver jubilees |url=http://puthu.thinnai.com/?p=34587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170329085911/http://puthu.thinnai.com/?p=34587 |archive-date=29 March 2017 |access-date=27 September 2018 |website=Thinnai |language=Tamil}}</ref>
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| == References ==
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| {{reflist|refs=
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| <ref name="finger">{{Cite news |last=Guy |first=Randor |author-link=Randor Guy |date=23 May 2003 |title=With a finger on people's pulse |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2003/05/23/stories/2003052301510600.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=24 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211192149/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2003/05/23/stories/2003052301510600.htm |archive-date=11 February 2012}}</ref>
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| <ref name="sriramv">{{Cite web |last=Sriram |first=V. |author-link=V. Sriram |date=1 May 2018 |title=Paigham and Irumbu Thirai – #MayDay Special |url=https://sriramv.wordpress.com/2018/05/01/paigham-and-irumbu-thirai-mayday-special/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928033720/https://sriramv.wordpress.com/2018/05/01/paigham-and-irumbu-thirai-mayday-special/ |archive-date=28 September 2018 |access-date=27 September 2018 |website=Madras Heritage and Carnatic Music}}</ref>
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| <ref name="lakshmansruthi">{{Cite web |title=1960 – இரும்புத் திரை – ஜெமினி பிலிம்ஸ் – பைகாம்(இ) |trans-title=1960 – Irumbu Thirai – Gemini Films – Paigham(hi) |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1960-cinedetails6.asp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180927105453/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1960-cinedetails6.asp |archive-date=27 September 2018 |access-date=28 September 2018 |website=lakshmansruthi.com |language=Tamil}}</ref>
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| <ref name="kamadenu">{{Cite web |date=9 May 2018 |title=இரும்புத்திரை - இது சிவாஜி படம் |trans-title=Irumbu Thirai – This is a Sivaji film |url=https://www.kamadenu.in/news/cinema/2504-sivajiyin-irumbuthirai.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726103905/https://www.kamadenu.in/news/cinema/2504-sivajiyin-irumbuthirai.html |archive-date=26 July 2018 |access-date=27 September 2018 |website=[[Kamadenu (magazine)|Kamadenu]] |language=ta}}</ref>
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| }}
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| == Bibliography ==
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| * {{Cite book |last1=Ganesan |first1=Sivaji |title=Autobiography of an Actor: Sivaji Ganesan, October 1928 – July 2001 |title-link=Autobiography of an Actor |last2=Narayana Swamy |first2=T. S. |publisher=Sivaji Prabhu Charities Trust |year=2007 |oclc=297212002 |author-link=Sivaji Ganesan |orig-date=2002}}
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| * {{Cite book |last=Guy |first=Randor |title=Starlight, Starbright: The Early Tamil Cinema |publisher=Amra Publishers |year=1997 |oclc=1049072979 |author-link=Randor Guy}}
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| == External links ==
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| * {{IMDb title|0053954|Irumbu Thirai}}
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| {{S. S. Vasan}}
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| {{Gemini Studios}}
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| [[Category:1960 films]]
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| [[Category:1960s Tamil-language films]]
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| [[Category:Films directed by S. S. Vasan]]
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| [[Category:Films scored by S. V. Venkatraman]]
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| [[Category:Films with screenplays by Kothamangalam Subbu]]
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| [[Category:Gemini Studios films]]
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| [[Category:Indian films]]
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| [[Category:Tamil remakes of Hindi films]]
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