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{{Short description|Five gurudwaras in India, with a special significance in Sikhism}}
{{Short description|Five major Sikh temples in India}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2015}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2015}}
{{Main article|Akal Takht}}
{{location map+|India|float=right|width=300|caption=Locations of the five Takhts of Sikhism in India
{{location map+|India|float=right|width=300|caption=Location of five Takhts of Sikhism in India.
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|places=
{{Location map~|India|label='''Akal Takht Sahib'''|mark=Green_pog.svg|position=top|lat=31.64|long=74.86}}
{{Location map~|India|label='''Akal Takht Sahib'''|mark=Green_pog.svg|position=top|lat=31.64|long=74.86}}
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{{location map~|India|label='''Hazur Sahib Nanded'''|mark=Green_pog.svg|position=right|lat=19.15|long=77.30}}
{{location map~|India|label='''Hazur Sahib Nanded'''|mark=Green_pog.svg|position=right|lat=19.15|long=77.30}}
{{location map~|India|label='''Patna Sahib'''|mark=Green_pog.svg|position=right|lat=25.36|long=85.10}}
{{location map~|India|label='''Patna Sahib'''|mark=Green_pog.svg|position=right|lat=25.36|long=85.10}}
}}
}}{{Sikhism sidebar}}
[[File:Akal takht.jpg|thumb|Sri Akal Takht Sahib]]
 
A '''takht''', or '''taḵẖata''' ({{lang-pa|'''ਤਖ਼ਤ'''}}) literally means a throne or seat of authority and is a spiritual and temporal centre of [[Sikhism]]. There are five Takhts, which are five [[gurudwara]]s that have a very special significance for the Sikh community. The first and the most important was established by [[Guru Hargobind]] in 1609, '[[Akal Takht]]' (the Throne of the Timeless God) and is just opposite the gate of [[Harmandir Sahib|Harmandir Sahib – The Golden Temple]], Amritsar. While the Harmandir Sahib, or Golden Temple, represents Sikh spiritual guidance, the Akal Takht symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity. It is the highest seat of temporal authority of the Khalsa and the seat of the Sikh religion's earthly authority. There, the Guru held his court and decided matters of military strategy and political policy. Later on, the Sikh Nation (Sarbat Khalsa) took decisions here on matters of peace and war and settled disputes between the various Sikh groups. The Sarangi singers sung the ballads of the Sikh Gurus and warriors at the place and robes of honour (saropas) were awarded to persons who rendered distinguished services of the community of men in general. In December 2010, the [[Deccan Odyssey]] train, taken on charter from [[Government of Maharashtra]], started with the aim to have a journey across four Sikh takhts, with a flight by devout and sightseers to the fifth takht ([[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/web/a-luxury-train-trip-across-sikh-takhts/|title=A luxury train trip across Sikh takhts|date=December 13, 2010}}</ref> A special train named ''Panj Takht Special train'' for the pilgrimage of five Sikh takhts, was flagged off on 16 February 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/singla-flags-off-panj-takht-special-train-for-pilgrims-at-dhuri/story-WCv9O0JIl2pVEwFuinkmYI.html|title=Singla flags off Panj Takht Special Train for pilgrims at Dhuri|date=February 16, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/now-shatabdi-to-halt-at-dhuri/story-26R8IR405NweU2QRp881kN.html|title=Now, Shatabdi to halt at Dhuri|date=February 9, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Special-train-to-connect-all-five-Takhats-first-run-on-February-16/articleshow/29908402.cms|title=Union railway ministry: Special train to connect all five Takhats, first run on February 16 &#124; Chandigarh News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/irctc-launches-special-train-to-cover-all-pank-sikh-takhts/story-ik9bpsIU3cLqVDbtBqdC0J.html|title=IRCTC launches special train to cover all Pank Sikh Takhts|date=March 11, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/train-to-cover-panj-takhts-from-chandigarh-next-week/story-gJishYeETxTFI3s7GlkYBJ.html|title=Train to cover Panj Takhts from Chandigarh next week|date=April 11, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
A '''takht''', or '''takhat''' ({{langx|pa|ਤਖ਼ਤ}}), literally means a throne or seat of authority<ref>{{cite web |title=New Persian-English Dictionary |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/hayyim_query.py?qs=%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AA&matchtype=default |website=dsal.uchicago.edu |publisher=Chicago University |access-date=1 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901075018/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/hayyim_query.py?qs=%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AA&matchtype=default |archive-date=1 September 2023}}</ref> and is a spiritual and temporal centre of [[Sikhism]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Dogra |first1=R. C. |title=Encyclopaedia of Sikh Religion and Culture |last2=Mansukhani |first2=Gobind Singh |publisher=Vikas Publishing House |year=1995 |isbn=9780706983685 |pages=356}}</ref> There are five takhts ({{Langx|pa|ਪੰਜ ਤਖਤ|lit=five thrones|translit=Pañj takhat|label=}}), which are five [[gurudwara]]s that have a very special significance for the Sikh community. Three are located in Punjab whilst the remaining two are located outside of it.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Chandra |first1=Aditi |title=The Nation and Its Margins: Rethinking Community |last2=Chandra |first2=Vinita |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |year=2019 |isbn=9781527544574 |pages=80}}</ref>
 
The first and the most important takht was established by [[Guru Hargobind]] in 1609: [[Akal Takht]] (the Throne of the Timeless God), located just opposite the gate of [[Harmandir Sahib|Harmandir Sahib (The Golden Temple)]], in Amritsar. While the Harmandir Sahib, or Golden Temple, represents Sikh spiritual guidance, the Akal Takht symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity. It is the highest seat of temporal authority of the Khalsa and the seat of the Sikh religion's earthly authority. There, the Guru held his court and decided matters of military strategy and political policy. Later on, the Sikh Nation (Sarbat Khalsa) took decisions here on matters of peace and war and settled disputes between the various Sikh groups.<ref name=":2">{{Citation |last=Singh |first=Khushwant |title=Constitutional Reforms and the Sikhs |date=2004-11-18 |work=A History of the Sikhs |pages=216–234 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195673098.003.0014 |access-date=2024-03-31 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref>
 
In December 2010, the ''[[Deccan Odyssey]]'' train, taken on charter from the [[Government of Maharashtra]], started with the aim to have a journey across four Sikh takhts, with a flight by devout and sightseers to the fifth takht ([[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/web/a-luxury-train-trip-across-sikh-takhts/|title=A luxury train trip across Sikh takhts|date=December 13, 2010}}</ref> A special train for the pilgrimage to the five takhts, named ''Panj Takht Special Train'', began service on 16 February 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/singla-flags-off-panj-takht-special-train-for-pilgrims-at-dhuri/story-WCv9O0JIl2pVEwFuinkmYI.html|title=Singla flags off Panj Takht Special Train for pilgrims at Dhuri|date=February 16, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/now-shatabdi-to-halt-at-dhuri/story-26R8IR405NweU2QRp881kN.html|title=Now, Shatabdi to halt at Dhuri|date=February 9, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Special-train-to-connect-all-five-Takhats-first-run-on-February-16/articleshow/29908402.cms|title=Union railway ministry: Special train to connect all five Takhats, first run on February 16 &#124; Chandigarh News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/irctc-launches-special-train-to-cover-all-pank-sikh-takhts/story-ik9bpsIU3cLqVDbtBqdC0J.html|title=IRCTC launches special train to cover all Pank Sikh Takhts|date=March 11, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/train-to-cover-panj-takhts-from-chandigarh-next-week/story-gJishYeETxTFI3s7GlkYBJ.html|title=Train to cover Panj Takhts from Chandigarh next week|date=April 11, 2014|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>


==Akal Takht Sahib==
==Akal Takht==
{{Main article|Akal Takht}}
{{Main article|Akal Takht}}
[[File:Akal takhat amritsar.jpg|thumb|[[Akal Takht]].]]
[[File:Akal Takhat Sahib.jpg|thumb|[[Akal Takht]].]]
Akal Takhat Sahib means Eternal Throne. It is also part of the [[Golden Temple]] complex in [[Amritsar]]. Its foundation was laid by Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru.<ref name=":0" /> The Akal Takhat is situated opposite to Harmandir Sahib and is connected by a passage. The building of the Akal Takht opposite the Golden Temple has a special meaning. While the Golden Temple stands for spiritual guidance the Akal Takhat symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity.  In earlier days all Sikh warriors sought blessings here before going to battle fields. During the 18th century while Sikhs were fighting a guerrilla war in the forests they used to gather at the Akal Takht on special occasions such as [[Vaisakhi]]. Here the community used to have general meetings and approve resolutions. The Akal Takht is the oldest of the Five Takhats.<ref name=":2" />
== Takht Keshgarh Sahib ==
{{Main article|Takht Kesgarh Sahib}}
[[File:Sri Takht Sahib.jpg|thumb|[[Takht Kesgarh Sahib]], [[Anandpur Sahib]]]]


Akal Takhat Sahib means Eternal Throne. It is also part of the [[Golden Temple]] complex in [[Amritsar]]. Its foundation was laid by Guru Hargobind Ji, the sixth Sikh Guru. The Akal Takhat is situated opposite to Harmandir Sahib and is connected by a passage. The building of the Akal Takht opposite the Golden Temple has a special meaning. While the Golden Temple stands for spiritual guidance the Akal Takhat symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity. In earlier days all Sikh warriors sought blessings here before going to battle fields. During the 18th century while Sikhs were fighting a guerrilla war in the forests they used to gather at the Akal Takht on special occasions such as Vaisakhi. Here the community used to have general meetings and approve resolutions. The Akal Takht is the oldest of the Five Takhats.
'''Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib''' is one of the five [[Takht (Sikhism)|Takhts]] in [[Sikhism]] and is located in the city of [[Anandpur Sahib]], [[Punjab]], [[India]]. It is historically significant as the birthplace of the [[Khalsa]], the collective body of initiated Sikhs. On [[Vaisakhi]], 13 April 1699, the tenth Sikh Guru, [[Guru Gobind Singh]], founded the [[Khalsa Panth]] by initiating the first five Sikhs, known as the [[Panj Pyare]] ("Five Beloved Ones"), through the sacred nectar known as ''[[Amrit Sanchar|Amrit]]''. This event marked a defining moment in Sikh history, symbolizing spiritual sovereignty, martial courage, and egalitarian values.<ref name="SGPC">[https://sgpc.net/five-takht-sahibs/takhat-sri-keshgarh-sahib-sri-anandpur-sahib/ Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) – Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib]</ref><ref name="Discover">[https://www.discoversikhism.com/sikh_gurdwaras/takht_sri_keshgarh_sahib.html Discover Sikhism – Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib]</ref><ref name="Kaur2010">Shankar, Vijay; Kaur, Harminder (2010). ''Anandpur Sahib – A Miracle of the Human Spirit''. Corporate Vision & Lahore Book Shop, Delhi. p. 156. ISBN 81-89692-02-X.</ref>


==Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib==
The Takht served as both a spiritual and military center during [[Guru Gobind Singh]]’s time. The complex includes the main sanctum housing the Takht and several other structures commemorating significant [[Sikh]] traditions. Relics of the Guru, including his [[Weapons of Guru Gobind Singh|weapons]] and personal items, are preserved here, emphasizing the martial legacy of Sikhism.<ref name="KhanAcademy">[https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-asia/beginners-guide-asian-culture/x97ec695a:sikhism/a/sikh-sacred-places Khan Academy – Sikh Sacred Places]</ref>
{{Main article|Keshgarh Sahib}}
 
[[File:Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib.jpg|thumb|[[Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib]]]]
Every year, during the [[Vaisakhi]] festival, thousands of [[Sikhs]] from around the world gather at Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib to commemorate the birth of the [[Khalsa]] and to pay homage to the Guru’s vision of an egalitarian and sovereign Sikh identity.<ref name="HindustanTimes2023">[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/khalsa-foundation-day-celebrated-at-anandpur-sahib-101681382029708.html Hindustan Times – Khalsa Foundation Day at Anandpur Sahib (2023)]</ref>
Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib is situated at [[Anandpur Sahib]]. It is the birthplace of the [[Khalsa]], which was founded here by Guru Gobind Singh in 1699. Some of the weapons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji are displayed here.


== Takht Sri Damdama Sahib ==
== Takht Sri Damdama Sahib ==
{{Main article|Takht Sri Damdama Sahib}}
{{Main article|Takht Sri Damdama Sahib}}
[[File:Takhat shiri Dam Dma Sahib IMG 9862.jpg|thumb| Takht Sri Damdama Sahib]]


Takht Sri Damdama Sahib ([[Talwandi Sabo]]) is situated in the village of Talwandi Sabo near Bathinda. [[Guru Gobind Singh]] stayed here for about a year and compiled the final edition of Guru Granth Sahib also known as the Damdama Sahib Bir in 1705. Damdama Sahib was proclamied the fifth takht on November 18, 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sikh Encyclopedia|url=http://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/philosophy-spirituality-and-ethics/political-philosophy/takht|url-status=live|website=Sikh Encyclopedia}}</ref>
[[Takht Sri Damdama Sahib]] is the fifth and final Takht, located in [[Talwandi Sabo]], near the city of [[Bathinda]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=ਤਖ਼ਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਦਮਦਮਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ, ਤਲਵੰਡੀ ਸਾਬੋ (ਬਠਿੰਡਾ) – Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee |url=https://sgpc.net/takhat_sri_damdama_sahib/ |access-date=2026-03-04 |website=sgpc.net}}</ref> The name ''Damdama'' means "resting place" as it is the site where [[Guru Gobind Singh]] stayed after a number of defensive battles, including the [[Battle of Chamkaur]] and the [[Battle of Muktsar]].<ref name=":3" /> Historically, Takht Sri Damdama Sahib is the location where Guru Gobind Singh compiled the complete version of the Guru Granth Sahib. As a result, this site has become a popular location for Sikh writers and scholars.<ref name=":3" />


==Takht Sri Patna Sahib==
==Takht Patna Sahib==
[[File:Takht Sri Patna Sahib.jpg|thumb|[[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]].]]
[[File:Takht Sri Patna Sahib 02.jpg|thumb|[[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]].]]
{{Main article|Takht Sri Patna Sahib}}
{{Main article|Takht Sri Patna Sahib}}


Takht Sri Patna Sahib is situated in [[Patna]] city which is also the capital of [[Bihar]] state. [[Guru Gobind Singh]] Ji was born here in 1666 and He spent His early childhood here before moving to Sri Anandpur Sahib.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/The-tenth-Guru-was-born-here/articleshow/11336445.cms|title=The tenth Guru was born here |author=Mona Mehta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Five-jathedars-visit-Patna-kick-off-17-preparations/articleshow/48137108.cms|title=Five jathedars visit Patna, kick off ’17 preparations &#124; Patna News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> Besides being the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh Ji,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Takhat-Saheb-set-for-prakashotsav/articleshow/28354831.cms|title=Takhat Saheb set for prakashotsav &#124; Patna News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> Patna was also visited by Guru Nanak Dev Sahib Ji and Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji at different points of time. Here also stayed Guru Gobind Singh Ji's mother who is Mata Gujri Ji. In the house of salis rai jaohri.
[[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]] is situated in [[Patna]] city which is also the capital of [[Bihar]] state.<ref name=":1" /> [[Guru Gobind Singh]] was born here in 1666 and He spent His early childhood here before moving to Sri Anandpur Sahib.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/The-tenth-Guru-was-born-here/articleshow/11336445.cms|title=The tenth Guru was born here |author=Mona Mehta|website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Five-jathedars-visit-Patna-kick-off-17-preparations/articleshow/48137108.cms|title=Five jathedars visit Patna, kick off '17 preparations &#124; Patna News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> Besides being the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Takhat-Saheb-set-for-prakashotsav/articleshow/28354831.cms|title=Takhat Saheb set for prakashotsav &#124; Patna News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> Patna was also visited by Guru Nanak and [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] at different points of time. Here also stayed Guru Gobind Singh's mother, Mata Gujri and it was house of Salis Rai Johri.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-12-19 |title=PATNA - The Sikh Encyclopedia |url=https://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/other-historical-places/india/patna/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
== Takht Hazur Sahib ==
{{Main article|Hazur Sahib Nanded}}
 
[[File:Huzur sahib nanded.jpg|thumb|[[Hazur Sahib]], [[Nanded]]]]
 
'''Takht Sri Hazur Sahib''', one of the five [[Takht (Sikhism)|Takhts]] in [[Sikhism]], is of profound historical and spiritual importance. It is located in [[Nanded]], [[Maharashtra]], on the banks of the [[Godavari River]]. This Takht holds special significance as it was established near the site where the tenth Sikh Guru, [[Guru Gobind Singh]], delivered his final sermon and died in 1708.<ref name="Cambridge">GURU NANAK'S HYMNS. In: ''The Sikh Religion''. Cambridge University Press, 2013, pp. 261–379. doi:[https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139506540.024 10.1017/cbo9781139506540.024]</ref>
 
The current shrine, known as [[Hazur Sahib]], was constructed in the early 19th century by [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]].<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2015 |title=24.–27. September 2015 in Münster |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1866-377x-2015-2-90 |journal=djbZ |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=90–99 |doi=10.5771/1866-377x-2015-2-90 |issn=1866-377X |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Architecturally, it combines [[Sikh architecture]] and [[Rajput architecture]] styles, featuring white marble domes and intricate artwork.


== Takht Sri Hazur Sahib ==
The shrine is managed by the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]] (SGPC) and remains a prominent pilgrimage destination. Numerous Sikh festivals and events are celebrated here annually, including [[Hola Mohalla]] and major [[Gurpurab]]s.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.18111/9789284412730 |title=International Conference on Metropolitan Tourism (Shanghai, China, 17–18 November 2006) |date=2008 |publisher=World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) |isbn=978-92-844-1273-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=Gurharpal |date=2021-02-19 |title=Reconsidering Sikh architecture: The ''Samādhi'' of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in Lahore |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17448727.2021.1886403 |journal=Sikh Formations |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=519–529 |doi=10.1080/17448727.2021.1886403 |issn=1744-8727 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
[[File:Hazur Sahib.jpg|thumb|[[Hazur Sahib Nanded]].]]
{{main article|Hazur Sahib Nanded}}


Takht Sri Hazur Sahib is situated in [[Nanded]] in Maharashtra state. In 1708, [[Guru Gobind Singh]] Ji (the tenth spiritual leader of the Sikhs) came to Nanded, His permanent abode. It was he who preached amongst the Sikhs that there need not be any Human Guru for them after Him and they should take Guru Granth Sahib Ji as their living Guru and there will be no difference between Him and the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] Ji. A monument has been constructed at the place where Guru Gobind Singh Ji left his body to merge with the omnipresent, known as the Angitha Sahib (funeral pyre). The Takht has been constructed around the Angitha Sahib, and is collectively known as Thakt Sachkand Sri Hazoor Sri Abchal Nagar Sahib.
The inner sanctum, known as '''Sachkhand''', houses several relics of [[Guru Gobind Singh]], including his weapons, clothing, and manuscripts. The [[Guru Granth Sahib]] is also enshrined there, making it a sacred space for worship and remembrance. Thousands of devotees from around the world visit Hazur Sahib to connect with the legacy and teachings of the tenth Guru.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Abchalnagar Sahib |url=https://hazursahib.com |access-date=2024-07-04 |publisher=Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib Official Website}}</ref>


==Others==
==Others==
=== Takht Budha Dal (Contested) ===
According to the [[Nihang]]s [[Dal Khalsa (Sikh Army)|Budha Dal]] is the fifth takhat. They state that the [[Guru Gobind Singh|Guru]] proclaimed them the fifth takht and the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]] removed them as the fifth takht. Although no historical source mentions [[Dal Khalsa (Sikh Army)|Budha Dal]] as a takht.


=== Gurudwara Janamasthan Nankana Sahib (Potential) ===
=== Contested ===
{{main | Gurdwara Janam Asthan}}
==== Takht Budha Dal ====
According to the Budha Dal organization of [[Nihang]]s, the Budha Dal is the fifth takht.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Homepage of Budha Dal official website |url=https://gb.budhadal.org/ |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Budha Dal |quote=The Budha Dal were blessed with the duties of maintaining rule within the Khalsa Panth and preserve and protect the Gurdwaras and Ithihasik Asthaans throughout Punjab. The Budha Dal used to be the institute where the Vidhvaans who held a lineage which dated back to the Gurus rested.  Also, war veterans and promising soldiers resided at the Budha Dal. The Budha Dal was traditionally respected and recognised as the Panjva Takhat, or 5th Takhat. This was due to the immense power the Budha Dal held. It was recognised to such an extent that the renowned and legendary Jathedar Akali Baba Phoola Singh Ji, the 6th Jathedar of the Budha Dal and the General of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s Army, ordered punishment for Maharaja Ranjit Singh for breaking a conduct of the Sikh Dharam.}}</ref>
 
=== Potential ===
 
==== Gurudwara Janam Asthan ====
{{main|Gurdwara Janam Asthan}}
 
[[File:Gurdwara Janam Asthan (151718).jpg|thumb|Gurudwara Janam Asthan]]
[[File:Gurdwara Janam Asthan (151718).jpg|thumb|Gurudwara Janam Asthan]]
A proposal for a sixth Sikh takht at Guru Nanak Dev’s birth place in Nankana Sahib in Pakistan has sparked a debate in the Sikh community, and among historians and scholars.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-06|title=Explained: The role of the 5 Sikh takhts, and the debate over a proposal for a 6th|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/sikh-takhts-debate-proposal-nankana-sahib-guru-nanak-shiromani-akali-dal-5480414/|access-date=2021-01-10|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
A proposal for a sixth Sikh takht at Guru Nanak Dev’s birth place in Nankana Sahib in Pakistan has sparked a debate in the Sikh community, and among historians and scholars.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-06|title=Explained: The role of the 5 Sikh takhts, and the debate over a proposal for a 6th|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/sikh-takhts-debate-proposal-nankana-sahib-guru-nanak-shiromani-akali-dal-5480414/|access-date=2021-01-10|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>


Shiromani Akali Dal (Delhi) president and former president of Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (DSMGC) Paramjit Singh Sarna has stirred a controversy by demanding that Gurdwara Janamasthan Nankana Sahib in Pakistan be declared the sixth takht (seat of authority) of Sikhs. Acting jathedar of Akal Takht, Giani Harpreet Singh was the first to censure the demand, saying: “This is a baseless demand which belittles the concept of Panch Pardhani (significance of five) in Sikhism like five articles of faith, five beloved ones (Panj Payaras) and five bania.” The proposal was ignored afterwards.
Shiromani Akali Dal (Delhi) president and former president of Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (DSMGC) Paramjit Singh Sarna has stirred a controversy by demanding that Gurdwara Janamasthan [[Nankana Sahib]] in Pakistan be declared the sixth takht (seat of authority) of Sikhs. Acting jathedar of Akal Takht, Giani Harpreet Singh was the first to censure the demand, saying: “This is a baseless demand which belittles the concept of Panch Pardhani (significance of five) in Sikhism like five articles of faith, five beloved ones (Panj Payaras) and five Bania.” The proposal was ignored afterwards.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Gurdwaras]]
[[Category:Gurdwaras]]
[[Category:Sikh takhts| ]]
[[Category:Sikh places]]
[[Category:Sikh places]]

Latest revision as of 07:35, 4 March 2026


Panj Takht is located in India
Akal Takht Sahib
Akal Takht Sahib
Damdama Sahib
Damdama Sahib
Keshgarh Sahib
Keshgarh Sahib
Hazur Sahib Nanded
Hazur Sahib Nanded
Patna Sahib
Patna Sahib
Locations of the five Takhts of Sikhism in India
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General topics and terminology

A takht, or takhat (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), literally means a throne or seat of authority[1] and is a spiritual and temporal centre of Sikhism.[2] There are five takhts (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), which are five gurudwaras that have a very special significance for the Sikh community. Three are located in Punjab whilst the remaining two are located outside of it.[3]

The first and the most important takht was established by Guru Hargobind in 1609: Akal Takht (the Throne of the Timeless God), located just opposite the gate of Harmandir Sahib (The Golden Temple), in Amritsar. While the Harmandir Sahib, or Golden Temple, represents Sikh spiritual guidance, the Akal Takht symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity. It is the highest seat of temporal authority of the Khalsa and the seat of the Sikh religion's earthly authority. There, the Guru held his court and decided matters of military strategy and political policy. Later on, the Sikh Nation (Sarbat Khalsa) took decisions here on matters of peace and war and settled disputes between the various Sikh groups.[4]

In December 2010, the Deccan Odyssey train, taken on charter from the Government of Maharashtra, started with the aim to have a journey across four Sikh takhts, with a flight by devout and sightseers to the fifth takht (Takht Sri Patna Sahib).[5] A special train for the pilgrimage to the five takhts, named Panj Takht Special Train, began service on 16 February 2014.[6][7][8][9][10]

Akal Takht[edit | edit source]

Main article: Akal Takht
Akal Takht.

Akal Takhat Sahib means Eternal Throne. It is also part of the Golden Temple complex in Amritsar. Its foundation was laid by Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru.[2] The Akal Takhat is situated opposite to Harmandir Sahib and is connected by a passage. The building of the Akal Takht opposite the Golden Temple has a special meaning. While the Golden Temple stands for spiritual guidance the Akal Takhat symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity. In earlier days all Sikh warriors sought blessings here before going to battle fields. During the 18th century while Sikhs were fighting a guerrilla war in the forests they used to gather at the Akal Takht on special occasions such as Vaisakhi. Here the community used to have general meetings and approve resolutions. The Akal Takht is the oldest of the Five Takhats.[4]

Takht Keshgarh Sahib[edit | edit source]

Main article: Takht Kesgarh Sahib
Takht Kesgarh Sahib, Anandpur Sahib

Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib is one of the five Takhts in Sikhism and is located in the city of Anandpur Sahib, Punjab, India. It is historically significant as the birthplace of the Khalsa, the collective body of initiated Sikhs. On Vaisakhi, 13 April 1699, the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, founded the Khalsa Panth by initiating the first five Sikhs, known as the Panj Pyare ("Five Beloved Ones"), through the sacred nectar known as Amrit. This event marked a defining moment in Sikh history, symbolizing spiritual sovereignty, martial courage, and egalitarian values.[11][12][13]

The Takht served as both a spiritual and military center during Guru Gobind Singh’s time. The complex includes the main sanctum housing the Takht and several other structures commemorating significant Sikh traditions. Relics of the Guru, including his weapons and personal items, are preserved here, emphasizing the martial legacy of Sikhism.[14]

Every year, during the Vaisakhi festival, thousands of Sikhs from around the world gather at Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib to commemorate the birth of the Khalsa and to pay homage to the Guru’s vision of an egalitarian and sovereign Sikh identity.[15]

Takht Sri Damdama Sahib[edit | edit source]

Main article: Takht Sri Damdama Sahib

Takht Sri Damdama Sahib is the fifth and final Takht, located in Talwandi Sabo, near the city of Bathinda.[16] The name Damdama means "resting place" as it is the site where Guru Gobind Singh stayed after a number of defensive battles, including the Battle of Chamkaur and the Battle of Muktsar.[16] Historically, Takht Sri Damdama Sahib is the location where Guru Gobind Singh compiled the complete version of the Guru Granth Sahib. As a result, this site has become a popular location for Sikh writers and scholars.[16]

Takht Patna Sahib[edit | edit source]

Takht Sri Patna Sahib.
Main article: Takht Sri Patna Sahib

Takht Sri Patna Sahib is situated in Patna city which is also the capital of Bihar state.[3] Guru Gobind Singh was born here in 1666 and He spent His early childhood here before moving to Sri Anandpur Sahib.[17][18] Besides being the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh,[19] Patna was also visited by Guru Nanak and Guru Tegh Bahadur at different points of time. Here also stayed Guru Gobind Singh's mother, Mata Gujri and it was house of Salis Rai Johri.[20]

Takht Hazur Sahib[edit | edit source]

Main article: Hazur Sahib Nanded
Hazur Sahib, Nanded

Takht Sri Hazur Sahib, one of the five Takhts in Sikhism, is of profound historical and spiritual importance. It is located in Nanded, Maharashtra, on the banks of the Godavari River. This Takht holds special significance as it was established near the site where the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, delivered his final sermon and died in 1708.[21]

The current shrine, known as Hazur Sahib, was constructed in the early 19th century by Maharaja Ranjit Singh.[22] Architecturally, it combines Sikh architecture and Rajput architecture styles, featuring white marble domes and intricate artwork.

The shrine is managed by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) and remains a prominent pilgrimage destination. Numerous Sikh festivals and events are celebrated here annually, including Hola Mohalla and major Gurpurabs.[23][24]

The inner sanctum, known as Sachkhand, houses several relics of Guru Gobind Singh, including his weapons, clothing, and manuscripts. The Guru Granth Sahib is also enshrined there, making it a sacred space for worship and remembrance. Thousands of devotees from around the world visit Hazur Sahib to connect with the legacy and teachings of the tenth Guru.[25]

Others[edit | edit source]

Contested[edit | edit source]

Takht Budha Dal[edit | edit source]

According to the Budha Dal organization of Nihangs, the Budha Dal is the fifth takht.[26]

Potential[edit | edit source]

Gurudwara Janam Asthan[edit | edit source]

Main article: Gurdwara Janam Asthan
Gurudwara Janam Asthan

A proposal for a sixth Sikh takht at Guru Nanak Dev’s birth place in Nankana Sahib in Pakistan has sparked a debate in the Sikh community, and among historians and scholars.[27]

Shiromani Akali Dal (Delhi) president and former president of Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (DSMGC) Paramjit Singh Sarna has stirred a controversy by demanding that Gurdwara Janamasthan Nankana Sahib in Pakistan be declared the sixth takht (seat of authority) of Sikhs. Acting jathedar of Akal Takht, Giani Harpreet Singh was the first to censure the demand, saying: “This is a baseless demand which belittles the concept of Panch Pardhani (significance of five) in Sikhism like five articles of faith, five beloved ones (Panj Payaras) and five Bania.” The proposal was ignored afterwards.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "New Persian-English Dictionary". dsal.uchicago.edu. Chicago University. Archived from the original on 1 September 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dogra, R. C.; Mansukhani, Gobind Singh (1995). Encyclopaedia of Sikh Religion and Culture. Vikas Publishing House. p. 356. ISBN 9780706983685.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chandra, Aditi; Chandra, Vinita (2019). The Nation and Its Margins: Rethinking Community. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 80. ISBN 9781527544574.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Singh, Khushwant (2004-11-18), "Constitutional Reforms and the Sikhs", A History of the Sikhs, Oxford University Press, pp. 216–234, retrieved 2024-03-31
  5. ↑ "A luxury train trip across Sikh takhts". December 13, 2010.
  6. ↑ "Singla flags off Panj Takht Special Train for pilgrims at Dhuri". Hindustan Times. February 16, 2014.
  7. ↑ "Now, Shatabdi to halt at Dhuri". Hindustan Times. February 9, 2014.
  8. ↑ "Union railway ministry: Special train to connect all five Takhats, first run on February 16 | Chandigarh News - Times of India". The Times of India.
  9. ↑ "IRCTC launches special train to cover all Pank Sikh Takhts". Hindustan Times. March 11, 2014.
  10. ↑ "Train to cover Panj Takhts from Chandigarh next week". Hindustan Times. April 11, 2014.
  11. ↑ Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) – Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib
  12. ↑ Discover Sikhism – Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib
  13. ↑ Shankar, Vijay; Kaur, Harminder (2010). Anandpur Sahib – A Miracle of the Human Spirit. Corporate Vision & Lahore Book Shop, Delhi. p. 156. ISBN 81-89692-02-X.
  14. ↑ Khan Academy – Sikh Sacred Places
  15. ↑ Hindustan Times – Khalsa Foundation Day at Anandpur Sahib (2023)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "ਤਖ਼ਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਦਮਦਮਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ, ਤਲਵੰਡੀ ਸਾਬੋ (ਬਠਿੰਡਾ) – Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee". sgpc.net. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  17. ↑ Mona Mehta. "The tenth Guru was born here". The Times of India.
  18. ↑ "Five jathedars visit Patna, kick off '17 preparations | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India.
  19. ↑ "Takhat Saheb set for prakashotsav | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India.
  20. ↑ "PATNA - The Sikh Encyclopedia". 2000-12-19. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
  21. ↑ GURU NANAK'S HYMNS. In: The Sikh Religion. Cambridge University Press, 2013, pp. 261–379. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139506540.024
  22. ↑ "24.–27. September 2015 in Münster". djbZ. 18 (2): 90–99. 2015. doi:10.5771/1866-377x-2015-2-90. ISSN 1866-377X.
  23. ↑ International Conference on Metropolitan Tourism (Shanghai, China, 17–18 November 2006). World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). 2008. ISBN 978-92-844-1273-0.
  24. ↑ Singh, Gurharpal (2021-02-19). "Reconsidering Sikh architecture: The Samādhi of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in Lahore". Sikh Formations. 17 (4): 519–529. doi:10.1080/17448727.2021.1886403. ISSN 1744-8727.
  25. ↑ "Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Abchalnagar Sahib". Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib Official Website. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
  26. ↑ "Homepage of Budha Dal official website". Budha Dal. Retrieved 30 June 2023. The Budha Dal were blessed with the duties of maintaining rule within the Khalsa Panth and preserve and protect the Gurdwaras and Ithihasik Asthaans throughout Punjab. The Budha Dal used to be the institute where the Vidhvaans who held a lineage which dated back to the Gurus rested. Also, war veterans and promising soldiers resided at the Budha Dal. The Budha Dal was traditionally respected and recognised as the Panjva Takhat, or 5th Takhat. This was due to the immense power the Budha Dal held. It was recognised to such an extent that the renowned and legendary Jathedar Akali Baba Phoola Singh Ji, the 6th Jathedar of the Budha Dal and the General of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's Army, ordered punishment for Maharaja Ranjit Singh for breaking a conduct of the Sikh Dharam.
  27. ↑ "Explained: The role of the 5 Sikh takhts, and the debate over a proposal for a 6th". The Indian Express. 2018-12-06. Retrieved 2021-01-10.

External links[edit | edit source]

Official Website - HOLY TAKHATS

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