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{{short description|Historical document}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Cleanup rewrite|date=September 2023}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2023}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox book
{{Infobox book
| name         = Jedhe Shakawali
| name             = Jedhe Shakawali
| title_orig    =
| image             = File:Shakawali First Page.jpg
| translator    =
| caption           = The starting page<br />of ''The Jedhe Shakawali Pune''
| image         = File:Shakawali First Page.jpg
| country           = [[Maratha Empire]]
| caption       = The starting page<br />of ''The Jedhe Shakawali Pune''
| language         = [[Marathi language|Marathi]] in [[Modi script|Modi]] script
| author        = [[Jedhe]]s
| subject           = Historical document
| illustrator  =
| release_date     = 1618–1697
| cover_artist  =
| country       = [[India]]
| language     = [[Marathi language|Marathi]] in [[Modi script|Modi]] script
| series        =
| subject       = History| genre        =
| publisher    =
| release_date =
| media_type    =
| pages        =
| preceded_by  =
| followed_by  =
}}
}}


'''Jedhe Shakawali''' or Jedhe Chronology is a bare record of events with dates covering the period from 1618 to 1697 AD kept by the [[Jedhe]] Deshmukhs of village Kari located near Bhor in [[Pune]] district. It is known to be the valuable source for the political history of the formative period of [[Maratha Empire]]. The document was first edited by [[B.G. Tilak]] and published by [[Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak Mandal]], Pune, in 1916.
The '''''Jedhe Shakawali'''''. or ''Jedhe Chronology'', is a bare record of events from 1618 to 1697, kept by the [[Jedhe]] Deshmukhs of Kari village, near Bhor in the [[Pune]] district. It is a valuable source for the political history of the formative period of [[Maratha Empire]]. It was first edited by [[B.G. Tilak]] and published by [[Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak Mandal]], Pune, in 1916.


==Background==
==Background==
The Jedhes, the Khopades, the Bandals and the Naik-Nimbalkars were the prominent Deshmukhs of [[Maval]].  Out of these, Jedhes of Kaari, in modern-day Bhor, were the Deshmukhs of 'Rohid Khora', which includes the forts of Raireshwar and Rohideshwar, in the Maval region of the modern Pune district, which is near Bhor about 48&nbsp;km towards south of Pune. Being the leaders of their region, they were privileged persons and enjoyed a high status in political, social and economic life of the region. Kanhoji Jedhe is regarded as the real founder of the Jedhe family as he and his son Baji, popularly known as Sarjerao Jedhe, brought their family to prominence by rendering valuable services to [[Shivaji]], the founder of [[Maratha Empire]] in the 17th century. Jedhe Shakawali (chronology) and [[Jedhe Karina]] (statement) are their family records which is now regarded as the genuine evidence for many historical events including birth date of Shivaji.
The Jedhes, the Khopades, the Bandals and the Naik-Nimbalkars were the prominent Deshmukhs of [[Maval]].  Out of these, Jedhes of Kaari, in modern-day Bhor, were the Deshmukhs of 'Rohid Khora', which includes the forts of Raireshwar and Rohideshwar, in the Maval region of the modern Pune district, which is near Bhor about 48&nbsp;km towards south of Pune. Being the leaders of their region, they were privileged persons and enjoyed a high status in political, social and economic life of the region. Kanhoji Jedhe is regarded as the real founder of the Jedhe family as he and his son Baji, popularly known as Sarjerao Jedhe, brought their family to prominence by rendering valuable services to [[Shivaji]], the founder of [[Maratha Empire]] in the 17th century.


==Contents==
==Contents==
Jedhe Shakawali pune consists of year-wise data starting from 1618 AD (birth of [[Aurangzeb]]) and ending to 1697 AD (the besiege of the [[Gingee]] fort). The years are, however, mentioned in terms of 'Shaliwahan Shaka', the Indian year, which is approximately 78 years behind the modern AD.  It also mentions many-a-times about day, date and timing of the event. The main feature of the Jedhe Shakawali is known to be the brief and 'To the point' descriptions of the events.
The ''Jedhe Shakawali'' consists of yearly data from 1618 (birth of [[Aurangzeb]]) to 1697 (the besiege of the [[Gingee]] fort). The years are reckoned by the [[Shaka era]] (approximately 78 years behind ''[[anno domini]]''), alongside a short description.


==Select Events==
==Select events ==
{{Expand section|date=November 2022}}
(Unless specified otherwise, the dates below use [[Julian calendar]].)
(Unless specified otherwise, the dates below use [[Julian calendar]].)
*Shaka 1540 – Kartik Vadya 1 (Saturday, 24 October 1618 AD) – Birth of [[Aurangzeb]]
*Shaka 1540 – ''[[Kārtika (month)|Kartik]] Vadya'' 1 (Saturday, 24 October 1618 ) – Birth of [[Aurangzeb]]
*Shaka 1550 (1628 AD) – Sultan Khurram became Emperor of Delhi under the title of [[Shah Jehan]]
*Shaka 1550 (1628) – Sultan Khurram became Emperor of Delhi under the title of [[Shah Jehan]]
*Shaka 1551 – Phalgun Vadya 3 (Friday, 19 February 1630) – Birth of Shivaji at Fort [[Shivneri]]
*Shaka 1551 – [[Phalgun]] Vadya 3 (Friday, 19 February 1630) – Birth of Shivaji at Fort [[Shivneri]]
*Shaka 1579 – Jyeshtha Shuddha 12 (14 May 1657) – A son, [[Sambhaji]], was born to Shivaji
*Shaka 1579 – ''[[Jyeshtha (month)|Jyeshtha]] Shuddha'' 12 (14 May 1657) – A son, [[Sambhaji]], was born to Shivaji
*Shaka 1581 – Margashirsh Shuddha 7 (Thursday, 10 November 1659) – [[Afzalkhan]] killed by Shivaji near Fort [[Pratapgad]]
*Shaka 1581 – ''[[Margashirsh]] Shuddha'' 7 (Thursday, 10 November 1659) – [[Afzalkhan]] killed by Shivaji near Fort [[Pratapgad]]
*Shaka 1582 – Ashadh Vadya 1 (13 July 1660) – Shivaji escaped from fort [[Panhala]] and fled to fort [[Vishalgad]]
*Shaka 1582 – ''[[Ashadha|Ashadh]] Vadya'' 1 (13 July 1660) – Shivaji escaped from fort [[Panhala]] and fled to fort [[Vishalgad]]
*Shaka 1585 – Chaitra Shuddha 8 (Sunday, 5 April 1663) – Shivaji attacked [[Shaistakhan]] in Pune and cut off his hand.
*Shaka 1585 – [[Chaitra]] ''Shuddha'' 8 (Sunday, 5 April 1663) – Shivaji attacked [[Shaista Khan|Shahiste Khan]] in Pune and cut off his hand.
*Shaka 1587 – Ashadh Shuddha 10 (12 June 1665) – Shivaji made peace with [[Mirza Raje Jaisingh]]
*Shaka 1587 – Ashadh ''Shuddha'' 10 (12 June 1665) – Shivaji made peace with [[Jai Singh I]]
*Shaka 1588 – Jyeshtha Shuddha 2 (25 May 1666) – Shivaji in Aurangzeb's court
*Shaka 1588 – Jyeshtha ''Shuddha'' 2 (25 May 1666) – Shivaji in Aurangzeb's court
*Shaka 1588 – Shravan Vadya 12 (26–27 Aug 1666 Gregorian calendar<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/phasescat/phases1601.html |title=Phases of the Moon: 1601 to 1700 |website=astropixels.com |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>) – Shivaji escaped from [[Agra]]
*Shaka 1588 – [[Shravan month|Shravan]] ''Vadya'' 12 (26–27 Aug 1666 Gregorian calendar<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/phasescat/phases1601.html |title=Phases of the Moon: 1601 to 1700 |website=astropixels.com |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>) – Shivaji escaped from [[Agra]]
*Shaka 1596 – Jyeshtha Shuddha 12 (6 June 1674) – Shivaji ascended the throne
*Shaka 1596 – Jyeshtha ''Shuddha'' 12 (6 June 1674) – Shivaji ascended the throne
*Shaka 1602 – Chaitra Shuddha 15 (Saturday, 3 April 1680) – Shivaji died at fort [[Raigad fort|Raigad]] at mid-day
*Shaka 1602 – [[Chaitra]] ''Shuddha'' 15 (Saturday, 3 April 1680) – Shivaji died at fort [[Raigad fort|Raigad]] at mid-day
*Shaka 1602 – Shravan Shuddha 5 (20 July 1680) – Sambhaji ascended the throne
*Shaka 1602 – Shravan ''Shuddha'' 5 (20 July 1680) – Sambhaji ascended the throne
*Shaka 1603 – Kartik Shuddha 13 (Sunday, 13 November 1681) – Sambhaji met rebel prince Akbar at Patshahpur.
*Shaka 1603 – Kartik ''Shuddha'' 13 (Sunday, 13 November 1681) – Sambhaji met rebel prince Akbar at Patshahpur.
*Shaka 1605 – Kartik Vadya 7 (1 November 1683) – Sambhaji fought with [[Portugal|Portuguese]] and raised the siege of fort Banda
*Shaka 1605 – Kartik ''Vadya'' 7 (1 November 1683) – Sambhaji fought with [[Portugal|Portuguese]] and raised the siege of fort Banda
*Shaka 1610 – Magh Vadya 7 (Friday, 1 February 1689) Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash captured by Shaikh Nizam at Sangameshwar
*Shaka 1610 – [[Magha (month)|Magh]] ''Vadya'' 7 (Friday, 1 February 1689) Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash captured by Shaikh Nizam at Sangameshwar
*Shaka 1610 – Phalgun Vadya 30 (11 March 1689) – Aurangzeb beheaded Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash at Tulapur
*Shaka 1610 – Phalgun ''Vadya'' 30 (11 March 1689) – Aurangzeb beheaded Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash at Tulapur
*Shaka 1611 – Kartik Vadya 11 (28 October 1689) – [[Rajaram Chhatrapati|Rajaram]] reached fort Ginjee
*Shaka 1611 – Kartik ''Vadya'' 11 (28 October 1689) – [[Rajaram Chhatrapati|Rajaram]] reached [[Jinji fort]]


==References==
==References==
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*'Jedhe Shakawali – Karina' ([[Modi script|Modi]] / [[Marathi language|Marathi]] / English) by Dr. A.R.Kulkarni, 1999 Edition.
*'Jedhe Shakawali – Karina' ([[Modi script|Modi]] / [[Marathi language|Marathi]] / English) by Dr. A.R.Kulkarni, 1999 Edition.
*'Source Book of Maratha History' by R.P.Patwardhan, Bombay 1929.
*'Source Book of Maratha History' by R.P.Patwardhan, Bombay 1929.
*'Shivaji Souvenir' by [[Govind Sakharam Sardesai]], Bombay 1926.
*'Shivaji Souvenir' by [[Govind Sakharam Sardesai]], Bombay 1926.  
*


[[Category:History of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Maratha Empire]]
[[Category:Historiography of India]]
[[Category:Historiography of India]]

Latest revision as of 00:55, 13 March 2026


Jedhe Shakawali
The starting page
of The Jedhe Shakawali Pune
CountryMaratha Empire
LanguageMarathi in Modi script
SubjectHistorical document

The Jedhe Shakawali. or Jedhe Chronology, is a bare record of events from 1618 to 1697, kept by the Jedhe Deshmukhs of Kari village, near Bhor in the Pune district. It is a valuable source for the political history of the formative period of Maratha Empire. It was first edited by B.G. Tilak and published by Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak Mandal, Pune, in 1916.

Background[edit | edit source]

The Jedhes, the Khopades, the Bandals and the Naik-Nimbalkars were the prominent Deshmukhs of Maval. Out of these, Jedhes of Kaari, in modern-day Bhor, were the Deshmukhs of 'Rohid Khora', which includes the forts of Raireshwar and Rohideshwar, in the Maval region of the modern Pune district, which is near Bhor about 48 km towards south of Pune. Being the leaders of their region, they were privileged persons and enjoyed a high status in political, social and economic life of the region. Kanhoji Jedhe is regarded as the real founder of the Jedhe family as he and his son Baji, popularly known as Sarjerao Jedhe, brought their family to prominence by rendering valuable services to Shivaji, the founder of Maratha Empire in the 17th century.

Contents[edit | edit source]

The Jedhe Shakawali consists of yearly data from 1618 (birth of Aurangzeb) to 1697 (the besiege of the Gingee fort). The years are reckoned by the Shaka era (approximately 78 years behind anno domini), alongside a short description.

Select events[edit | edit source]

(Unless specified otherwise, the dates below use Julian calendar.)

  • Shaka 1540 – Kartik Vadya 1 (Saturday, 24 October 1618 ) – Birth of Aurangzeb
  • Shaka 1550 (1628) – Sultan Khurram became Emperor of Delhi under the title of Shah Jehan
  • Shaka 1551 – Phalgun Vadya 3 (Friday, 19 February 1630) – Birth of Shivaji at Fort Shivneri
  • Shaka 1579 – Jyeshtha Shuddha 12 (14 May 1657) – A son, Sambhaji, was born to Shivaji
  • Shaka 1581 – Margashirsh Shuddha 7 (Thursday, 10 November 1659) – Afzalkhan killed by Shivaji near Fort Pratapgad
  • Shaka 1582 – Ashadh Vadya 1 (13 July 1660) – Shivaji escaped from fort Panhala and fled to fort Vishalgad
  • Shaka 1585 – Chaitra Shuddha 8 (Sunday, 5 April 1663) – Shivaji attacked Shahiste Khan in Pune and cut off his hand.
  • Shaka 1587 – Ashadh Shuddha 10 (12 June 1665) – Shivaji made peace with Jai Singh I
  • Shaka 1588 – Jyeshtha Shuddha 2 (25 May 1666) – Shivaji in Aurangzeb's court
  • Shaka 1588 – Shravan Vadya 12 (26–27 Aug 1666 Gregorian calendar[1]) – Shivaji escaped from Agra
  • Shaka 1596 – Jyeshtha Shuddha 12 (6 June 1674) – Shivaji ascended the throne
  • Shaka 1602 – Chaitra Shuddha 15 (Saturday, 3 April 1680) – Shivaji died at fort Raigad at mid-day
  • Shaka 1602 – Shravan Shuddha 5 (20 July 1680) – Sambhaji ascended the throne
  • Shaka 1603 – Kartik Shuddha 13 (Sunday, 13 November 1681) – Sambhaji met rebel prince Akbar at Patshahpur.
  • Shaka 1605 – Kartik Vadya 7 (1 November 1683) – Sambhaji fought with Portuguese and raised the siege of fort Banda
  • Shaka 1610 – Magh Vadya 7 (Friday, 1 February 1689) Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash captured by Shaikh Nizam at Sangameshwar
  • Shaka 1610 – Phalgun Vadya 30 (11 March 1689) – Aurangzeb beheaded Sambhaji and Kavi Kalash at Tulapur
  • Shaka 1611 – Kartik Vadya 11 (28 October 1689) – Rajaram reached Jinji fort

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Phases of the Moon: 1601 to 1700". astropixels.com. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
  • 'Jedhe Shakawali – Karina' (Modi / Marathi / English) by Dr. A.R.Kulkarni, 1999 Edition.
  • 'Source Book of Maratha History' by R.P.Patwardhan, Bombay 1929.
  • 'Shivaji Souvenir' by Govind Sakharam Sardesai, Bombay 1926.
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