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| casualties1 = 72 killed<br />15 wounded<br />Several [[tank|tanks]], [[artillery]] and [[military vehicle|military vehicles]] destroyed or captured | | casualties1 = 72 killed<br />15 wounded<br />Several [[tank|tanks]], [[artillery]] and [[military vehicle|military vehicles]] destroyed or captured | ||
| casualties2 = 60 killed<br />80 wounded<br />4 [[tank|tanks]], several [[military vehicle|military vehicles]] destroyed | | casualties2 = 60 killed<br />80 wounded<br />4 [[tank|tanks]], several [[military vehicle|military vehicles]] destroyed | ||
| territory = Pakistan captures | | territory = Pakistan captures Chamb | ||
| map_mark = red_pog.svg | | map_mark = red_pog.svg | ||
| map_type = Kashmir | | map_type = Kashmir | ||
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{{Campaignbox Indo-Pakistani Wars}} | {{Campaignbox Indo-Pakistani Wars}} | ||
The '''Battle of Chamb | The '''Battle of Chamb''' was a battle in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]. The [[Pakistan Army]] invaded [[Chumb]] on the same principle as the [[Operation Grand Slam|Battle of Chamb (1965)]]. The Pakistan Army's primary objective was to capture the town of Chamb and surrounding areas that had strategic importance for both Pakistan and India. | ||
Before the capture of [[Chumb]] by Pakistan forces, this western sector was under India's control. Similar to 1965, plans were made to capture this strategic town. The reason behind this plan was to deter Indians from attacking the crucial north-south line of communications passing via Gujrat. The 23 Division of Pakistan was given the task of protecting this sector and later attacking the Chamb-Dewa sectors. On the Indian side, the 10th Division was given the task of defence of Chamb; the Indian army believed that by attacking Gujrat and Tanda, they could guarantee the defence of Chamb. In comparison to 1965, the Indians were better prepared in terms of defences and now realized the importance of the town and sector.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lt. Col. Muhammad Usman Hassan |chapter-url=http://pakdef.org/battle-lore-on-breakthrough-in-chamb/|chapter=Battle Lore – On Breakthrough in Chamb |title=Soldiers Speak, Selected Articles from Pakistan Army Journal 1956-1981 |publisher=Army Education Press, GHQ, Rawalpindi}}</ref> | Before the capture of [[Chumb]] by Pakistan forces, this western sector was under India's control. Similar to 1965, plans were made to capture this strategic town. The reason behind this plan was to deter Indians from attacking the crucial north-south line of communications passing via Gujrat. The 23 Division of Pakistan was given the task of protecting this sector and later attacking the Chamb-Dewa sectors. On the Indian side, the 10th Division was given the task of defence of Chamb; the Indian army believed that by attacking Gujrat and Tanda, they could guarantee the defence of Chamb. In comparison to 1965, the Indians were better prepared in terms of defences and now realized the importance of the town and sector.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lt. Col. Muhammad Usman Hassan |chapter-url=http://pakdef.org/battle-lore-on-breakthrough-in-chamb/|chapter=Battle Lore – On Breakthrough in Chamb |title=Soldiers Speak, Selected Articles from Pakistan Army Journal 1956-1981 |publisher=Army Education Press, GHQ, Rawalpindi}}</ref> | ||
Brigadier Amar Cheema of the [[Indian Army]], while comparing the strength of two countries during the battle, claimed that the [[Indian Armed Forces]] had superior tanks such as [[T-55]] and [[T-54]] who were equipped with 100 mm guns. They were said to be far superior to those of the Pakistani [[Type 59 tank]].<ref name="v"/> The T-55 | Brigadier Amar Cheema of the [[Indian Army]], while comparing the strength of two countries during the battle, claimed that the [[Indian Armed Forces]] had superior tanks such as [[T-55]] and [[T-54]] who were equipped with 100 mm guns. They were said to be far superior to those of the Pakistani [[Type 59 tank]].<ref name="v"/> The T-55 tanks also possessed pads{{clarify|date=October 2019}} ammunition firing capability which the Type 59 tank did not have. The T-55 had a far superior stabilisation system.<ref name=defencejournal>{{Cite web|url=http://defencejournal.com/sept99/chamb.htm|title=The Battle of Chamb-1971}}</ref> Cheema also claims that there was near parity in terms of artillery but, when it came to infantry, the Pakistan army had fewer soldiers than the Indian army during the battle. He states that "it was this battle which helped in sustaining the morale of Pakistan army. The Indians, on the other hand, describe it as a most serious reverse suffered in the 1971 war".<ref name="v"/> | ||
Under the [[Simla Agreement]], signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 | Under the [[Simla Agreement]], signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972, Pakistan retained the territory it captured in the Chamb sector whereas India retained the territory it captured on the Pakistani side of the ceasefire line opposite the Kargil sector.{{cn|date=March 2022}} | ||
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Later Gen Andre Beaufre (Retired) of the French Army, who was invited by Pakistan and remained there throughout the war and who also later went to India by invitation and toured the battlefields after the ceasefire felt that it was difficult to get an accurate picture because both India and Pakistan grossly exaggerated the casualties in men and material inflicted on the adversary. He gave two examples to support his view. The Pakistani commanders in the Chhamb sector claimed that a brigade of four battalions supported by a regiment of armour and five artillery regiments had annihilated an Indian infantry brigade and captured many tanks, a large number of other vehicles and large quantities of arms and equipment. Some pictures shown to him in support of these claims appeared to him to be the product of trick photography. He visited the Chhamb sector soon after the main battle but did not see much-captured equipment, and it certainly bore no relation to the much-publicized Pakistani claims.<ref name="Sukhwant Singh"/> | Later Gen Andre Beaufre (Retired) of the French Army, who was invited by Pakistan and remained there throughout the war and who also later went to India by invitation and toured the battlefields after the ceasefire felt that it was difficult to get an accurate picture because both India and Pakistan grossly exaggerated the casualties in men and material inflicted on the adversary. He gave two examples to support his view. The Pakistani commanders in the Chhamb sector claimed that a brigade of four battalions supported by a regiment of armour and five artillery regiments had annihilated an Indian infantry brigade and captured many tanks, a large number of other vehicles and large quantities of arms and equipment. Some pictures shown to him in support of these claims appeared to him to be the product of trick photography. He visited the Chhamb sector soon after the main battle but did not see much-captured equipment, and it certainly bore no relation to the much-publicized Pakistani claims.<ref name="Sukhwant Singh"/> | ||