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{{Use dmy dates|date=September | {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=September | {{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}} | ||
{{Indian name|Himmatsinhji|Juvansinhji}} | {{Indian name|Himmatsinhji|Juvansinhji}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
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| birth_date = 1897 | | birth_date = 1897 | ||
| birth_place = [[British India]] | | birth_place = [[British India]] | ||
| death_date = January 1973 | | death_date = 9 January 1973 | ||
| death_place = [[India|Republic of India]] | | death_place = [[India|Republic of India]] | ||
| module = {{Infobox military person |embed=yes | | module = {{Infobox military person |embed=yes | ||
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[[Major-General]] [[Kumar]] [[Shri]] '''Himmatsinhji [[Jadeja]]''' [[Order of the Indian Empire|CIE]] (1897 - January 1973)was the first Deputy defence minister of India and the first [[List of Governors of Himachal Pradesh|Lieutenant-Governor]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]]. A descendant of the rulers of [[Nawanagar State]], he served with the [[Indian Army]], reaching the rank of [[major-general]]. He was later a member of the two most recent predecessors of the lower house of the [[Parliament of India]] – the [[Central Legislative Assembly]] and the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]]. He also played several [[first-class cricket]] matches, and was the nephew of [[Ranjitsinhji]] and brother of [[Duleepsinhji]], both of whom played [[Test cricket]]. | [[Major-General]] [[Kumar]] [[Shri]] '''Himmatsinhji [[Jadeja]]''' [[Order of the Indian Empire|CIE]] (1897 - 9 January 1973)was the first Deputy defence minister of India and the first [[List of Governors of Himachal Pradesh|Lieutenant-Governor]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]]. A descendant of the rulers of [[Nawanagar State]], he served with the [[Indian Army]], reaching the rank of [[major-general]]. He was later a member of the two most recent predecessors of the lower house of the [[Parliament of India]] – the [[Central Legislative Assembly]] and the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]]. He also played several [[first-class cricket]] matches, and was the nephew of [[Ranjitsinhji]] and brother of [[Duleepsinhji]], both of whom played [[Test cricket]] for England. | ||
==Early life and family== | ==Early life and family== | ||
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A keen sportsman, like many in his family, Himmatsinhji was introduced to cricket during his education in England, where he boarded at [[Malvern College]] in [[Worcestershire]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/39/39161/Miscellaneous_Matches.html Miscellaneous matches played by Himmatsinhji (12)] – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> By his last year at the college, 1916, he was considered good enough to [[Opening batsman|open the batting]] (and occasionally [[wicket-keeper|keep wicket]]) for the school team, with his best score an innings of 84 runs against [[Cheltenham College]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/281/281643.html Malvern College v Cheltenham College], Other matches in England 1916 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Later in the season, he [[Captain (cricket)|captained]] a combined [[Public schools (UK)|Public Schools]] team against a team from the [[Royal Horse Artillery]]. The match, played at [[Lord's]] and umpired by Himmatsinhji's brother, Digvijaysinhji, included six other (future and former) first-class cricketers: for the Public Schools, [[Lionel Hedges]] and [[Nigel Atkinson]], and for the Artillery team, [[Edward Lee (cricketer)|Edward Lee]], [[Graham Doggart]], [[Frank Orr (cricketer)|Frank Orr]], and [[Peter Remnant]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/316/316518.html Royal Horse Artillery Cadets (St John's Wood) v Public Schools], Other matches in England 1916 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Himmatsinhji remained in England until at least the following year, when he played a charity match for an Indian XI against an Australian XI, for the benefit of war widows and orphans.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/316/316520.html Australian XI v Indian Gymkhana], Other matches in England 1917 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> | A keen sportsman, like many in his family, Himmatsinhji was introduced to cricket during his education in England, where he boarded at [[Malvern College]] in [[Worcestershire]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/39/39161/Miscellaneous_Matches.html Miscellaneous matches played by Himmatsinhji (12)] – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> By his last year at the college, 1916, he was considered good enough to [[Opening batsman|open the batting]] (and occasionally [[wicket-keeper|keep wicket]]) for the school team, with his best score an innings of 84 runs against [[Cheltenham College]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/281/281643.html Malvern College v Cheltenham College], Other matches in England 1916 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Later in the season, he [[Captain (cricket)|captained]] a combined [[Public schools (UK)|Public Schools]] team against a team from the [[Royal Horse Artillery]]. The match, played at [[Lord's]] and umpired by Himmatsinhji's brother, Digvijaysinhji, included six other (future and former) first-class cricketers: for the Public Schools, [[Lionel Hedges]] and [[Nigel Atkinson]], and for the Artillery team, [[Edward Lee (cricketer)|Edward Lee]], [[Graham Doggart]], [[Frank Orr (cricketer)|Frank Orr]], and [[Peter Remnant]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/316/316518.html Royal Horse Artillery Cadets (St John's Wood) v Public Schools], Other matches in England 1916 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Himmatsinhji remained in England until at least the following year, when he played a charity match for an Indian XI against an Australian XI, for the benefit of war widows and orphans.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/316/316520.html Australian XI v Indian Gymkhana], Other matches in England 1917 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> | ||
Having returned to India, Himmatsinhji played several matches at first-class level during the 1930s.<ref name="fc">[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/39/39161/First-Class_Matches.html First-class matches played by Himmatsinhji (5)] – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> His debut came for a [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy]]'s XI against the Roshanara Club in February 1932, where he kept wicket but scored a [[Duck (cricket)|duck]] in his only innings.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/14/14161.html Roshanara Club v Viceroy's XI], Other First-Class matches in India 1931/32 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Himmatsinhji's remaining matches came for Rajputana representative sides, predecessors of the current [[Rajasthan cricket team]], including a match against the [[English cricket team in India in 1933–34|touring English | Having returned to India, Himmatsinhji played several matches at first-class level during the 1930s.<ref name="fc">[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/39/39161/First-Class_Matches.html First-class matches played by Himmatsinhji (5)] – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> His debut came for a [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy]]'s XI against the Roshanara Club in February 1932, where he kept wicket but scored a [[Duck (cricket)|duck]] in his only innings.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/14/14161.html Roshanara Club v Viceroy's XI], Other First-Class matches in India 1931/32 – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Himmatsinhji's remaining matches came for Rajputana representative sides, predecessors of the current [[Rajasthan cricket team]], including a match against the [[English cricket team in India in 1933–34|touring English team]] during the 1933–34 season and a match against [[Australian cricket team in Ceylon and India in 1935–36|a touring Australian side]] led by [[Frank Tarrant]] during the 1935–36 season. He also twice played at [[Ranji Trophy]] level, during the 1936–37 and 1937–38 editions of the tournament.<ref name="fc"/><ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/39/39161/Ranji_Trophy_Matches.html Ranji Trophy matches played by Himmatsinhji (2)] – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Himmatsinhji's two highest first-class scores, innings of 20 and 39 runs, came during the first of these matches, which Rajputana lost to [[Central India cricket team|Central India]] by 125 runs.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/16/16036.html Rajputana v Central India], Ranji Trophy 1936/37 (East Zone) – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> He played his last match at first-class level in the following season's tournament, again against Central India, and recorded [[Pairs in Test and first-class cricket|a pair]].<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/16/16423.html Central India v Rajputana], Ranji Trophy 1937/38 (East Zone) – CricketArchive. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> | ||
==Military career and later life== | ==Military career and later life== | ||
In World War I, Himmatsinhji received a temporary commission in the [[British Indian Army]], and saw service [[Mesopotamian campaign|in Mesopotamia]]. Two of his relatives also served overseas during the war – a cousin, Savaisinhji Devisinhji, was wounded in [[African theatre of World War I|African campaign]], while a brother, Dajirajsinhji, was killed in action in France in 1917.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wild|first=Roland|date=1934|title=The Biography of Colonel His Highness Shri Sir Ranjitsinhji Vibhaji, Maharaja Jam Saheb of Nawanagar, G.C.S.I., G.B.E., K.C.I.E.|location=London|publisher=Rich & Cowan Ltd|page=181}}</ref> By the end of the war, Himmatsinhji had been promoted to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]]. On 26 March 1919, Himmatsinhji received a substantive commission in the British Indian Army as a second lieutenant, with date from 21 September 1918.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=32722|page=4728|date=23 June 1922}}</ref> He was promoted to lieutenant on 21 September 1919,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=32665|page=2819|date=7 April 1922}}</ref> and to captain on 26 March 1924.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=33031|page=1958|date=20 March 1925}}</ref> | In World War I, Himmatsinhji received a temporary commission in the [[British Indian Army]], and saw service [[Mesopotamian campaign|in Mesopotamia]]. Two of his relatives also served overseas during the war – a cousin, Savaisinhji Devisinhji, was wounded in [[African theatre of World War I|African campaign]], while a brother, Dajirajsinhji, was killed in action in France in 1917.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wild|first=Roland|date=1934|title=The Biography of Colonel His Highness Shri Sir Ranjitsinhji Vibhaji, Maharaja Jam Saheb of Nawanagar, G.C.S.I., G.B.E., K.C.I.E.|location=London|publisher=Rich & Cowan Ltd|page=181}}</ref> By the end of the war, Himmatsinhji had been promoted to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]]. On 26 March 1919, Himmatsinhji received a substantive commission in the British Indian Army as a second lieutenant, with date from 21 September 1918.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=32722|page=4728|date=23 June 1922}}</ref> He was promoted to lieutenant on 21 September 1919,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=32665|page=2819|date=7 April 1922}}</ref> and to captain on 26 March 1924.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=33031|page=1958|date=20 March 1925}}</ref> | ||
His brothers, Pratapsinhji and Digvijaysinhji, with their uncle, Ranjitsinhji, the Jam Sahib of Nawanagar, | His brothers, Pratapsinhji and Digvijaysinhji, with their uncle, Ranjitsinhji, the Jam Sahib of Nawanagar, regularly vacationed together at [[Ballynahinch, County Galway|Ballynahinch Castle]], his residence in [[County Galway]], [[Ireland]].<ref>Wild 1934, p. 261</ref> In 1930, the three brothers were recalled from the Indian Army to take up roles in the armed forces of Nawanagar, with Himmatsinhji named Commander-in-Chief.<ref>Wild 1934, p. 288</ref> As a result, Himmatsinhji relinquished his British commission on 14 June 1931.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=33744|page=5335|date=14 August 1931}}</ref> However, his time in this position was short. Ranjitsinhji died in April 1933, having named Dijvijaysinhji as his heir.<ref>Wild 1934, p. 312</ref> | ||
After a brief period in [[Indian Foreign Service|the diplomatic service]], Himmatsinhji returned to the army, seeing service in the Second World War. A war-substantive lieutenant-colonel at the war's end, he eventually reached the rank of major-general. He was appointed a Companion of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (CIE) in the [[1946 New Year Honours]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=37407|supp=|page=12|date=28 December 1945}}</ref> He was elected to the [[Central Legislative Assembly]], India's pre-independence lower house, in 1946, and was later a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]], the transitional body established after independence. A member of the [[Indian National Congress]], he was a party [[Whip (politics)|whip]] before being appointed [[Minister of Defence (India)|Deputy Minister of Defence]] in [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]'s [[First Cabinet of independent India|first ministry]].<ref name="hind">— (15 February 1952). [https://archive.today/20140924063952/http://www.thehindu.com/2002/02/15/stories/2002021500320800.htm "New Lieutenant-Governors"] – ''[[The Hindu]]''. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> In this position he chaired a committee responsible for recommended improvements to India's defences along [[China–India border|its border]] with what was then the [[Tibet (1912–51)|Kingdom of Tibet]], prior to China's [[Incorporation of Tibet into the People's Republic of China|invasion and eventually annexation]].<ref>Inder Malhotra (14 December 2007). [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071214/edit.htm#4 "Antony’s sudden awakening: appalling management of China border"] – ''[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]''. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Upon retirement, Himmatsinhji was appointed the first lieutenant-governor of Himachal Pradesh, a newly created Part C state of India. He served in the position from 1952 to 1954, when he was succeeded by [[Bajrang Bahadur Singh]]. Himmatsinhji died at Jamnagar on 9 January 1973.<ref>{{cite journal |date=19 February 1973 |title=Obituary Reference |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2001/1/lsd_05_07_19-02-1973.pdf |journal=Lok Sabha Debates |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=26 |access-date=7 October | After a brief period in [[Indian Foreign Service|the diplomatic service]], Himmatsinhji returned to the army, seeing service in the Second World War. A war-substantive lieutenant-colonel at the war's end, he eventually reached the rank of major-general. He was appointed a Companion of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] (CIE) in the [[1946 New Year Honours]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=37407|supp=|page=12|date=28 December 1945}}</ref> He was elected to the [[Central Legislative Assembly]], India's pre-independence lower house, in 1946, and was later a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]], the transitional body established after independence. A member of the [[Indian National Congress]], he was a party [[Whip (politics)|whip]] before being appointed [[Minister of Defence (India)|Deputy Minister of Defence]] in [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]'s [[First Cabinet of independent India|first ministry]].<ref name="hind">— (15 February 1952). [https://archive.today/20140924063952/http://www.thehindu.com/2002/02/15/stories/2002021500320800.htm "New Lieutenant-Governors"] – ''[[The Hindu]]''. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> In this position he chaired a committee responsible for recommended improvements to India's defences along [[China–India border|its border]] with what was then the [[Tibet (1912–51)|Kingdom of Tibet]], prior to China's [[Incorporation of Tibet into the People's Republic of China|invasion and eventually annexation]].<ref>Inder Malhotra (14 December 2007). [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071214/edit.htm#4 "Antony’s sudden awakening: appalling management of China border"] – ''[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]''. Retrieved 24 September 2014.</ref> Upon retirement, Himmatsinhji was appointed the first lieutenant-governor of Himachal Pradesh, a newly created Part C state of India. He served in the position from 1952 to 1954, when he was succeeded by [[Bajrang Bahadur Singh]]. Himmatsinhji died at Jamnagar on 9 January 1973.<ref>{{cite journal |date=19 February 1973 |title=Obituary Reference |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2001/1/lsd_05_07_19-02-1973.pdf |journal=Lok Sabha Debates |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=26 |access-date=7 October 2022}}</ref> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]] | [[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]] | ||
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]] | [[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]] | ||
[[Category:Members of Central Legislative Assembly of India]] | [[Category:Members of the Central Legislative Assembly of India]] | ||
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]] | [[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]] | ||
[[Category:People educated at Malvern College]] | [[Category:People educated at Malvern College]] | ||