Attribution of the 2008 Mumbai attacks (edit)
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The Indian government supplied evidence to Pakistan's high commission in Delhi, in the form of interrogations, weapons, and call records of conversations during the attacks.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/CONTENT/Jan42009/scroll20090104110538.asp?section=frontpagenews |title=PC heads for US with 26/11 proof |author=Anirban Bhaumik |work=Deccan Herald |location=India |date=4 January 2009 |access-date=21 February 2009 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The evidence, shown to friendly governments and media, provided a detailed sequence of training, supplying, and constant communications of attackers with handlers from Pakistan.<ref name="DossierNYT">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/world/asia/07india.html |title=Dossier Gives Details of Mumbai Attacks |work=The New York Times |date=6 January 2009 |author=Somini Sengupta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410124934/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/world/asia/07india.html?pagewanted=all|archive-date=10 April 2009}}</ref> In addition, Indian government officials said that the attacks were so sophisticated that they must have had official backing from Pakistani "agencies", an accusation denied by Pakistan.<ref name="ISItraining"/><ref name="PakAdmitsNYT" /> | The Indian government supplied evidence to Pakistan's high commission in Delhi, in the form of interrogations, weapons, and call records of conversations during the attacks.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/CONTENT/Jan42009/scroll20090104110538.asp?section=frontpagenews |title=PC heads for US with 26/11 proof |author=Anirban Bhaumik |work=Deccan Herald |location=India |date=4 January 2009 |access-date=21 February 2009 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The evidence, shown to friendly governments and media, provided a detailed sequence of training, supplying, and constant communications of attackers with handlers from Pakistan.<ref name="DossierNYT">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/world/asia/07india.html |title=Dossier Gives Details of Mumbai Attacks |work=The New York Times |date=6 January 2009 |author=Somini Sengupta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410124934/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/world/asia/07india.html?pagewanted=all|archive-date=10 April 2009}}</ref> In addition, Indian government officials said that the attacks were so sophisticated that they must have had official backing from Pakistani "agencies", an accusation denied by Pakistan.<ref name="ISItraining"/><ref name="PakAdmitsNYT" /> | ||
In February 2009, Pakistani newspaper ''[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]'', citing Pakistani investigators, claimed that the attacks were planned in Bangladesh and refined in India with significant support being provided by Indian-based militant groups and criminal organisations.<ref name="Dawn_Bdeshlink">{{cite news|author=Baqir Sajjad Syed |author2=Mohammad Asghar |name-list-style=amp |title=Investigators see Bangladesh link in Mumbai terror attacks |work=Dawn |date=9 February 2009 |url=http://www.dawn.com/2009/02/05/top2.htm |access-date=10 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208035759/http://dawn.com/2009/02/05/top2.htm |archive-date=8 February 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, Indian investigators refuted this claim, with the [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister]] [[P. Chidambaram|Palaniappan Chidambaram]] dismissing the claim as "rubbish".<ref name="hindu020909">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/000200902092232.htm|title= Chidambaram asserts 26/11 originated from Pak soil|work=The Hindu |location=India|date=9 February 2009|access-date=21 February 2009}}</ref> On 12 February 2009, Pakistan's Interior Minister [[Rehman Malik]] agreed that some part of the conspiracy did take place in Pakistan. Malik said that Pakistan had lodged a [[First Information Report]] (FIR) under Anti-Terrorism Act against three persons.<ref name="nd">{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/mumbaiterrorstrike/Story.aspx?ID=NEWEN20090083331&type=News |title=Part of 26/11 plan made on our land, admits Pakistan |publisher=[[NDTV]] |date=12 February 2009|access-date=12 February 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090213155833/http://ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/mumbaiterrorstrike/Story.aspx?ID=NEWEN20090083331&type=News| archive-date= 13 February 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> | In February 2009, Pakistani newspaper ''[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]'', citing Pakistani investigators, claimed that the attacks were planned in Bangladesh and refined in India with significant support being provided by Indian-based militant groups and criminal organisations.<ref name="Dawn_Bdeshlink">{{cite news|author=Baqir Sajjad Syed |author2=Mohammad Asghar |name-list-style=amp |title=Investigators see Bangladesh link in Mumbai terror attacks |work=Dawn |date=9 February 2009 |url=http://www.dawn.com/2009/02/05/top2.htm |access-date=10 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208035759/http://dawn.com/2009/02/05/top2.htm |archive-date=8 February 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, Indian investigators refuted this claim, with the [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister]] [[P. Chidambaram|Palaniappan Chidambaram]] dismissing the claim as "rubbish".<ref name="hindu020909">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/000200902092232.htm|title=Chidambaram asserts 26/11 originated from Pak soil|work=The Hindu|location=India|date=9 February 2009|access-date=21 February 2009|archive-date=5 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105141847/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/000200902092232.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 12 February 2009, Pakistan's Interior Minister [[Rehman Malik]] agreed that some part of the conspiracy did take place in Pakistan. Malik said that Pakistan had lodged a [[First Information Report]] (FIR) under Anti-Terrorism Act against three persons.<ref name="nd">{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/mumbaiterrorstrike/Story.aspx?ID=NEWEN20090083331&type=News |title=Part of 26/11 plan made on our land, admits Pakistan |publisher=[[NDTV]] |date=12 February 2009|access-date=12 February 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090213155833/http://ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/mumbaiterrorstrike/Story.aspx?ID=NEWEN20090083331&type=News| archive-date= 13 February 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> | ||
Pakistani Foreign Minister [[Shah Mehmood Qureshi]] said on 15 February 2009 that the [[2007 Samjhauta Express bombings]] and the Mumbai attacks were linked, and that Pakistan needed information from India to continue its investigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/2009/02/16/top5.htm |title=Samjhota, Mumbai attacks linked, says Qureshi |access-date=16 February 2009 |author=Shakeel Ahmad |work=Dawn |date=16 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219175006/http://dawn.com/2009/02/16/top5.htm |archive-date=19 February 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Pakistani Foreign Minister [[Shah Mehmood Qureshi]] said on 15 February 2009 that the [[2007 Samjhauta Express bombings]] and the Mumbai attacks were linked, and that Pakistan needed information from India to continue its investigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/2009/02/16/top5.htm |title=Samjhota, Mumbai attacks linked, says Qureshi |access-date=16 February 2009 |author=Shakeel Ahmad |work=Dawn |date=16 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219175006/http://dawn.com/2009/02/16/top5.htm |archive-date=19 February 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
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==List of attackers== | ==List of attackers== | ||
* '''[[Ajmal | * '''[[Ajmal Kasab|Mohammad Ajmal Amir]]''' (aka ''Ajmal Amir Kamal, Ajmal Amir Kasab, Azam Ameer Qasab,, Azam Amir Qasab,<ref name=BBC-2008-12-10 /> Mohammad Ajmal Qasam, Ajmal Mohammed Amir Kasab,'' or ''Mohammad Ajmal Amir Kasar'') – Initially imprisoned by Indian Police, eventually sentenced and hanged to death – Attacked the CST station, Cama Hospital. Captured after stealing Skoda Laura. Resident of [[Faridkot, Okara]] in the [[Depalpur Tehsil|tehsil of Depalpur]] in Pakistan's [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]] province.<ref name="TheHindu-28">{{cite news |title=Three Lashkar fidayeen captured |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/28/stories/2008112862080100.htm |date=28 November 2008 |access-date=29 November 2008 |location=India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201100010/http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/28/stories/2008112862080100.htm |archive-date=1 December 2008 |work=[[The Hindu]] |url-status=dead}}</ref> The 21-year-old man was recruited from his Punjab, Pakistan home in part based on a pledge by recruiters to pay $1,250 to his family when he became a [[Shahid|martyr]].<ref name=NPR-2008-12-03>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=97621922|title=Bombs found in Mumbai train station a week later|date=3 December 2008|access-date=3 December 2008|publisher=[[National Public Radio]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205010021/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=97621922|archive-date=5 December 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Pakistani government denies this man is from Pakistan, but several reporters have visited the small town in Pakistan where he said his family lives, and verified it.<ref name="FaridkotVisit" /><ref name="KasabID" /><ref name="DawnSpecial">[https://web.archive.org/web/20171008220342/http://www.dawn.net/wps/wcm/connect/Dawn+Content+Library/dawn/news/pakistan/revealing-the-faridkot-mumbai-link-wk Revealing the Faridkot-Mumbai link, Dawn News special report, 12-Dec-2008]</ref> | ||
* ''' | * '''Abu Ismail Khan''' (aka ''Abu Dera Ismail Khan'', ''Ismail Khan'') (group leader)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sakaaltimes.com/2008/12/08212850/Mumbai-terror-probe-Kasabs-b.html |title=unknown |work=[[Sakaal Times]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120908091821/http://www.sakaaltimes.com/2008/12/08212850/Mumbai-terror-probe-Kasabs-b.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 September 2012 |access-date=9 December 2008 }}</ref> – Dead – from Dera Ismail Khan; attacked CST station, Cama Hospital with Mohammad Ajmal Amir (Azam Amir Qasab). Killed in stolen Skoda Laura.<ref name=SydneyMorningHerald-2008-11-30>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/we-wanted-to-kill-5000/2008/11/30/1227979845539.html|title=We wanted to kill 5000, says surviving terrorist|date=30 November 2008|access-date=30 November 2008|work=Sydney Morning Herald | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081203105228/http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/we-wanted-to-kill-5000/2008/11/30/1227979845539.html| archive-date= 3 December 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> Originally from Dera Ismail Khan in Pakistan's Northwest Frontier Province, he was 25 years old.<ref name="WaPoLakhviArrestDetails">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/08/AR2008120800331.html |title=Pakistani authorities said to arrest suspected ringleader in Mumbai attacks |work=The Washington Post |date= 9 December 2008 |access-date=6 December 2010}}</ref> | ||
* '''Fahad Ullah''' (aka ''Shadullah'', ''Fahadullah'', ''Abu Fahad'') – Dead –Age 24, from Dipalpur Taluka. Attacked Hotel Oberoi. Called India TV and claimed to be part of Deecan Mujahideen. Claimed to be one of seven attackers in the Oberoi.<ref name=IndiaTV>{{cite news|url=http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=17627|title=Terrorists Ring Up India TV Twice During Siege Using Hostages' Cellphones|date=27 November 2008|access-date=30 November 2008|publisher=[[India TV]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118131033/http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=17627|archive-date=18 January 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> | * '''Fahad Ullah''' (aka ''Shadullah'', ''Fahadullah'', ''Abu Fahad'') – Dead –Age 24, from Dipalpur Taluka. Attacked Hotel Oberoi. Called India TV and claimed to be part of Deecan Mujahideen. Claimed to be one of seven attackers in the Oberoi.<ref name=IndiaTV>{{cite news|url=http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=17627|title=Terrorists Ring Up India TV Twice During Siege Using Hostages' Cellphones|date=27 November 2008|access-date=30 November 2008|publisher=[[India TV]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118131033/http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=17627|archive-date=18 January 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
* '''Mohammed Altaf''' (aka ''Abdul Rehaman Chota'') – Dead – from [[Arifwala Multan Road]]. Attacked the Oberoi Hotel. | * '''Mohammed Altaf''' (aka ''Abdul Rehaman Chota'') – Dead – from [[Arifwala Multan Road]]. Attacked the Oberoi Hotel. | ||