Risaldar: Difference between revisions

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Risaldar, meaning the commander of a risala or risalah (a body of horse,^[1] regardless if troop or regiment^[2]) in Persian, is a mid-level rank in cavalry and armoured units of the Indian and Pakistan Army. In other arms, such as the infantry, the equivalent rank is subedar.

Risaldar was also a Viceroy's commissioned officer's rank in the British Indian Army, until 1947.

Indian and Pakistan Armies

The Indian Army and Pakistan Army have a unique set of ranks, called junior commissioned officers (JCO). They stand between non-commissioned officers and commissioned officers. A risaldar ranks above a naib risaldar and below a risaldar major.^{[citation needed]}

British Indian Army

The JCO evolved from the Viceroy's commissioned officers (VCO), established during the British Raj in 1885. The VCOs themselves succeeded the so called native officers holding a commission of the Governor General.^[3]

In the late 19th century, the spelling risaldar was uncommon, and the rank was usually listed as ressaldar or russuldar (e.g. in the Bombay Cavalry).^[4] During World War I, the spelling rissaldar became common.^[5]

A rissaldar was roughly equivalent to a native captain and ranked between risaldar-major and ressaidar (later jemadar). But like all VCOs, they were always outranked by the most junior officer with a King's or Queen's commission.^[6]

References

↑ Francis Joseph Steingass (1892). A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, Including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in literature (5th [1963] ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 575. Retrieved 2022-07-06. Apparently there is a 2015 edition from Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi, ISBN 81-7304-669-7
↑ Carman, W.(William) Y. (1961). Indian Army Uniforms Under the British from the 18th Century to 1947: cavalry. London: Leonard Hill. p. 226.
↑ Stevenson, Richard (2015). Beatson's Mutiny. The Turbulent Career of a Victorian Soldier. London. New York: I.B.Tauris. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-784531-10-2.
↑ H. G. Hart (Major General), The New Annual Army List, Militia List, and Indian Civil Service List, London 1878, p.430, p.522
↑ Plumon, Eugène (1914). Vade-mecum for the Use of Officers and Interpreters in the Present Campaign: French and English Technical and Military Terms. London: Librairie Hachette & Cie. p. 10.
↑ Stevenson, Richard (2015). Beatson's Mutiny. The Turbulent Career of a Victorian Soldier. London. New York: I.B.Tauris. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-784531-10-2.

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[1] Francis Joseph Steingass (1892). A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, Including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in literature (5th [1963] ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 575. Retrieved 2022-07-06. Apparently there is a 2015 edition from Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi, ISBN 81-7304-669-7

[2] Carman, W.(William) Y. (1961). Indian Army Uniforms Under the British from the 18th Century to 1947: cavalry. London: Leonard Hill. p. 226.

[3] Stevenson, Richard (2015). Beatson's Mutiny. The Turbulent Career of a Victorian Soldier. London. New York: I.B.Tauris. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-784531-10-2.

[4] H. G. Hart (Major General), The New Annual Army List, Militia List, and Indian Civil Service List, London 1878, p.430, p.522

[5] Plumon, Eugène (1914). Vade-mecum for the Use of Officers and Interpreters in the Present Campaign: French and English Technical and Military Terms. London: Librairie Hachette & Cie. p. 10.

[6] Stevenson, Richard (2015). Beatson's Mutiny. The Turbulent Career of a Victorian Soldier. London. New York: I.B.Tauris. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-784531-10-2.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}
+{{distinguish|Ressaidar}}
-{{Unreferenced|date=February 2009}}
+'''Risaldar''', meaning the commander of a ''risala'' or ''risalah'' (a body of horse,<ref>{{Cite book|author=Francis Joseph Steingass|title=A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, Including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in literature|year=1892|edition=5th [1963]|publisher=[[Routledge & Kegan Paul]]|place=London|page=575|url= https://archive.org/details/AComprehensivePersian-EnglishDictionary-FrancisJosephSteingass|access-date=2022-07-06}} Apparently there is a 2015 edition from [[Munshiram Manoharlal]] Publishers, New Delhi, {{isbn|81-7304-669-7}}</ref> regardless if troop or regiment<ref>{{cite book|first=W.(William) Y.|last=Carman|title=Indian Army Uniforms Under the British from the 18th Century to 1947: cavalry.|date=1961|publisher=Leonard Hill|location=London|page=226}}</ref>) in [[Persian language|Persian]], is a mid-level rank in [[cavalry]] and [[armour]]ed units of the [[Indian Army|Indian]] and [[Pakistan Army]]. In other arms, such as the [[infantry]], the equivalent rank is [[subedar]].
-'''Risaldar''' (often called '''ressaidar''' in the [[British Indian Army]]), meaning the commander of a ''risala'' (mounted troop) in [[Persian language|Persian]], is a mid-level rank in [[cavalry]] and [[armour]]ed units of the [[Indian Army|Indian]] and [[Pakistan Army]]
-The [[Indian Army]] and [[Pakistan Army]] have a unique set of ranks, which stand between [[non-commissioned officer]]s and [[commissioned officer]]s. During the [[British Raj]], they were known as [[Viceroy's commissioned officer]]s, but since the [[Indian independence movement]], they have been called [[junior commissioned officer]]s.
+Risaldar was also a [[Viceroy's commissioned officer]]'s rank in the [[British Indian Army]], until 1947.
-A risaldar ranks above a [[naib risaldar]] (called a [[jemadar]] in the British Indian Army) and below a [[risaldar major]].
+== Indian and Pakistan Armies ==
+The [[Indian Army]] and [[Pakistan Army]] have a unique set of ranks, called [[junior commissioned officer]]s (JCO). They stand between [[non-commissioned officer]]s and [[commissioned officer]]s. A risaldar ranks above a [[naib risaldar]] and below a [[risaldar major]].{{fact|date=July 2022}}
+== British Indian Army ==
+The JCO evolved from the Viceroy's commissioned officers (VCO), established during the [[British Raj]] in 1885. The VCOs themselves succeeded the so called native officers holding a commission of the [[Governor-General of India|Governor General]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Stevenson|title=Beatson's Mutiny. The Turbulent Career of a Victorian Soldier|date=2015|publisher=I.B.Tauris|location=London. New York|page=37|ISBN=978-1-784531-10-2}}</ref>
+In the late 19th century, the spelling ''risaldar'' was uncommon, and the rank was usually listed as ''ressaldar'' or ''russuldar'' (e.g. in the Bombay Cavalry).<ref>H. G. Hart (Major General), ''The New Annual Army List, Militia List, and Indian Civil Service List'', London 1878, p.430, p.522</ref> During [[World War I]], the spelling ''rissaldar'' became common.<ref>{{cite book|first=Eugène|last= Plumon|page=10|title=Vade-mecum for the Use of Officers and Interpreters in the Present Campaign: French and English Technical and Military Terms|date=1914 |publisher=Librairie Hachette & Cie |location=London}}</ref>
+A rissaldar was roughly equivalent to a native [[captain]] and ranked between [[risaldar-major]] and [[ressaidar]] (later [[jemadar]]). But like all VCOs, they were always outranked by the most junior officer with a [[Officer (armed forces)|King's or Queen's commission]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Stevenson|title=Beatson's Mutiny. The Turbulent Career of a Victorian Soldier|date=2015|publisher=I.B.Tauris|location=London. New York|page=37|ISBN=978-1-784531-10-2}}</ref>
+== See also ==
+*[[Ressaidar]]
+==References==
+{{Reflist}}
-In other arms, such as the [[infantry]], the equivalent rank is [[subedar]].
 [[Category:Military ranks of British India]]