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{{short description|Ancient Indian sages and hermits or ancient Indian ascetics}} | {{short description|Ancient Indian sages and hermits or ancient Indian ascetics}} | ||
[[File:Buddha Sakyamuni on the Rummindei pillar of Ashoka.jpg|thumb|right|The words "[[Buddha|Bu-dhe]]" (the [[Buddha]]) and "[[Shakyas|Sa-kya]]-mu-nī " ("Sage of the [[Shakyas]]") in the [[Brahmi script]], on [[Ashoka]]'s [[Rummindei]] [[Minor Pillar Edict]] (circa 250 BCE).]]{{Buddhism}} | [[File:Buddha Sakyamuni on the Rummindei pillar of Ashoka.jpg|thumb|right|The words "[[Buddha|Bu-dhe]]" (the [[Buddha]]) and "[[Shakyas|Sa-kya]]-mu-nī " ("Sage of the [[Shakyas]]") in the [[Brahmi script]], on [[Ashoka]]'s [[Rummindei]] [[Minor Pillar Edict]] (circa 250 BCE).]]{{Buddhism}} | ||
'''Muni''' ([[Sanskrit]] मुनि , "silent",<ref name=marta>Marta | '''Muni''' ([[Sanskrit]] मुनि , "silent",<ref name=marta>Marta Kudelska: ''Dlaczego istnieje raczej "Ja" niż "to"? ''</ref> the "Mauna" - pause) – a term for types of [[ancient India]]n sages and hermits or ancient Indian ascetics.<ref>Muni.</ref> | ||
Sages of this type are said know the truth of existence not on the basis of scientific texts but through self-realization.<ref name=marta/> | Sages of this type are said to know the truth of existence not on the basis of scientific texts but through self-realization.<ref name=marta/> | ||
== Buddhism == | == Buddhism == | ||
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== Hinduism == | == Hinduism == | ||
* In ''[[Rigveda]]'' the name ''mūni'' refers to a known Vedic [[Rishi]] who was prosperous beyond ritualistic orthodoxy, i.e., [[Brahmanism]]<ref | * In ''[[Rigveda]]'' the name ''mūni'' refers to a known Vedic [[Rishi]] who was prosperous beyond ritualistic orthodoxy, i.e., [[Brahmanism]]<ref>Muni.</ref> | ||
* In a much later work, the ''[[Yoga Vasistha|Laghu-yoga-vasistha]]'',<ref>( 6.7.3 )</ref> mūnis are divided into two types: | * In a much later work, the ''[[Yoga Vasistha|Laghu-yoga-vasistha]]'',<ref>( 6.7.3 )</ref> mūnis are divided into two types: | ||
# ''kaṣtha tapasvin'' - ascetics permanently residing in stillness | # ''kaṣtha tapasvin'' - ascetics permanently residing in stillness | ||
Latest revision as of 09:38, 20 June 2022
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Muni (Sanskrit मुनि , "silent",[1] the "Mauna" - pause) – a term for types of ancient Indian sages and hermits or ancient Indian ascetics.[2] Sages of this type are said to know the truth of existence not on the basis of scientific texts but through self-realization.[1]
Buddhism[edit | edit source]
In Buddhism the term "Muni" is used as a title of Gautama Buddha — who, being born among the tribe of the Shakyas, is called Śākyamuni (sage of the Shakyas).[3] Various other titles like Munindra(Sanskrit; Pali: Muninda; meaning "lord of Munis"), Munivar(Greatest among Munis), Muniraj(King of Munis), Muniśvara(Sanskrit; Pali: Munissaro; meaning "god of Munis") Mahamuni(The greatest Muni) are also given to the Buddhas. The Mahamuni temple in Mandalay, Myanmar is named after the title of the Buddha.
Hinduism[edit | edit source]
- In Rigveda the name mūni refers to a known Vedic Rishi who was prosperous beyond ritualistic orthodoxy, i.e., Brahmanism[4]
- In a much later work, the Laghu-yoga-vasistha,[5] mūnis are divided into two types:
- kaṣtha tapasvin - ascetics permanently residing in stillness
- Jivanmukta - those liberated for life in a physical body
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Marta Kudelska: Dlaczego istnieje raczej "Ja" niż "to"?
- ↑ Muni.
- ↑ Jr, Robert E. Buswell; Jr, Donald S. Lopez (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. p. 741. ISBN 9781400848058.
- ↑ Muni.
- ↑ ( 6.7.3 )