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The term ''extortion'' is often used metaphorically to refer to [[usury]] or to [[Price gouging|price-gouging]], though neither is legally considered extortion. It is also often used loosely to refer to everyday situations where one person feels indebted against their will, to another, in order to receive an essential service or avoid legal consequences. Neither extortion nor blackmail requires a threat of a criminal act, such as violence, merely a threat used to elicit actions, money, or property from the object of the extortion. Such threats include the filing of reports (true or not) of criminal behavior to the police, revelation of damaging facts (such as pictures of the object of the extortion in a compromising position), etc.<ref name=":0" /> | The term ''extortion'' is often used metaphorically to refer to [[usury]] or to [[Price gouging|price-gouging]], though neither is legally considered extortion. It is also often used loosely to refer to everyday situations where one person feels indebted against their will, to another, in order to receive an essential service or avoid legal consequences. Neither extortion nor blackmail requires a threat of a criminal act, such as violence, merely a threat used to elicit actions, money, or property from the object of the extortion. Such threats include the filing of reports (true or not) of criminal behavior to the police, revelation of damaging facts (such as pictures of the object of the extortion in a compromising position), etc.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
In law ''extortion'' can refer to [[political corruption]], such as [[bribery|selling one's office]] or [[influence peddling]], | In law ''extortion'' can refer to [[political corruption]], such as [[bribery|selling one's office]] or [[influence peddling]], but in general vocabulary the word usually first brings to mind blackmail or protection rackets. The logical connection between the corruption sense of the word and the other senses is that to demand bribes in one's official capacity is blackmail or racketeering in essence (that is, "you need access to this resource, the government restricts access to it through my office, and I will charge you unfairly and unlawfully for such access").<ref>{{Cite web|title=Extortion - Essential Elements and the Broader Reach of RICO|url=https://www.stimmel-law.com/en/articles/extortion-essential-elements-and-broader-reach-rico|url-status=live|website=Stimmel Law}}</ref> Extortion is also known as '''shakedown''', and occasionally '''exaction.''' | ||
==United States== | ==United States== | ||
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==Cyber Extortion== | ==Cyber Extortion== | ||
'''Cyber extortion''' is when an individual or group uses the internet as an offensive force to demand money or something else. | '''Cyber extortion''' is when an individual or group uses the internet as an offensive force to demand money or something else.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sulkowski|first=Adam J.|title=Cyber-Extortion: Duties and Liabilities Related to the Elephant in the Server Room|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228243486_Cyber-Extortion_Duties_and_Liabilities_Related_to_the_Elephant_in_the_Server_Room|journal=SSRN Electronic Journal|volume=2007|pages=101-144}}</ref> The group or individual usually sends a company a threatening email stating that they have received confidential information about their company and will exploit a security leak or launch an attack that will harm the company's network. The message sent through the email usually demands money in exchange for the prevention of the attack.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.webreference.com/internet/security/ |title=Computer Security Ethics and Privacy |access-date=2016-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011203948/http://www.webreference.com/internet/security/ |archive-date=2011-10-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dailyglobe.com/61817/brand-coms-mike-zammuto-discusses-meetup-com-extortion/ |title=Brand.com's Mike Zammuto Discusses Meetup.com Extortion |publisher=Dailyglobe.com |date=2014-03-05 |access-date=2014-03-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412021812/http://dailyglobe.com/61817/brand-coms-mike-zammuto-discusses-meetup-com-extortion/ |archive-date=2014-04-12 }}</ref> | ||
===Cases=== | ===Cases=== | ||