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Nandivarman II: Difference between revisions
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{{use Indian English|date=March 2016}} | {{use Indian English|date=March 2016}} | ||
{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
| succession = [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava | | image = ED38YtRVAAAjcWw.jpg | ||
| reign = {{circa|731|796 CE}} | | caption = Nandivarman II with his queens and courtiers at [[Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram]] (Vaikunta Perumal Temple) | ||
| predecessor = [[Paramesvaravarman II]] | | succession = [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava King]] | ||
| successor = [[Dantivarman]] | | reign = {{circa|731 CE|796 CE}} | ||
| issue = [[Dantivarman]] | | predecessor = [[Paramesvaravarman II]] | ||
| house = [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]] | | successor = [[Dantivarman]] | ||
| father =Hiraynayavarman | | birth_date = 718 CE | ||
| birth_place = Simhapura, [[Champa]] <Br/> (modern day [[Trà Kiệu]], [[Quảng Nam province]], [[Vietnam]] | |||
| death_date = 796 CE (aged 78) | |||
| death_place = [[Kanchipuram]], [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava kingdom]] (modern day [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]) | |||
| issue = [[Dantivarman]] | |||
| house = [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]] | |||
| father = Hiraynayavarman | |||
| mother = Unknown | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Pallava}} | {{Pallava}} | ||
'''Nandivarman II''' ( | '''Nandivarman II''' (718 CE - 796 CE) was a [[Pallava]] ruler who ruled in [[South India]]. Sen states Nandivarman reigned from 731 CE – 796 CE and built the [[Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram|Vaikuntha-Perumal Temple]].<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=41–42}}</ref> He was born in the country of [[Champa]] (modern day Vietnam) into a local dynasty of Pallava origin and was elected as a Pallava king at the age of 13.<ref name=Tamilmerchants>{{cite book|title=The world of Tamil merchants |author=Kanakalatha Mukund|publisher=Penguin, 2015|page=17}}</ref> | ||
== Background == | == Background == | ||
Paramesvaravarman II was succeeded by 12 year old Nandivarman II Pallavamalla who belonged to the collateral line of Pallavas called the [[Kadava]]s. The latter were the descendants of Bhimavarman, the brother of [[Simhavishnu]]. Hiranyavarman, the father of Nandivarman Pallavamalla is said to have belonged to the Kadavakula in epigraphs.<ref name=kadavakula>{{cite book|title=History of Kongu, Volume 1|author=V. Ramamurthy|publisher=International Society for the Investigation of Ancient Civilization, 1986|page=172}}</ref> Nandivarman II himself is described as "one who was born to raise the prestige of the Kadava family".<ref>{{cite book|title=South Indian Inscriptions, Volume 12|author=Eugen Hultzsch|publisher=Manager of Publications, 1986|page=viii}}</ref> | [[File:Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram4.jpg|thumb|250px|left|[[Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram]] (Vaikunta Perumal Temple)]] | ||
[[Paramesvaravarman II]] was succeeded by 12 year old Nandivarman II Pallavamalla who belonged to the collateral line of Pallavas called the [[Kadava]]s. The latter were the descendants of Bhimavarman, the brother of [[Simhavishnu]]. Hiranyavarman, the father of Nandivarman Pallavamalla is said to have belonged to the Kadavakula in epigraphs.<ref name=kadavakula>{{cite book|title=History of Kongu, Volume 1|author=V. Ramamurthy|publisher=International Society for the Investigation of Ancient Civilization, 1986|page=172}}</ref> Nandivarman II himself is described as "one who was born to raise the prestige of the Kadava family".<ref>{{cite book|title=South Indian Inscriptions, Volume 12|author=Eugen Hultzsch|publisher=Manager of Publications, 1986|page=viii}}</ref> He is credited to have built the [[Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Mahabalipuram|publisher=The Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India|year=2004|isbn=|location=New Delhi|last=C.|first=Sivaramamurthi|page=6|ref=Malla}}</ref> | |||
The term ''Kaduvetti'' in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] means ''destroyer or clearer of forests'' as the Pallavas like their ancestor Mukkanti Kaduvetti alias Trilochana Pallava were known to often clear forests and introduce civilization by settling Brahmins and other communities.<ref>{{cite book|title=Living Traditions: Studies in the Ethnoarchaeology of South Asia|author=Bridget Allchin|publisher=Oxbow Books, 1994 - Archaeology - 391 pages|page=212}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra|author=Cynthia Talbot, Assistant Professor of History and Asian Studies Cynthia Talbot|publisher=Oxford University Press, 2001 - History - 305 pages|page=205}}</ref> | The term ''Kaduvetti'' in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] means ''destroyer or clearer of forests'' as the Pallavas like their ancestor Mukkanti Kaduvetti alias Trilochana Pallava were known to often clear forests and introduce civilization by settling Brahmins and other communities.<ref>{{cite book|title=Living Traditions: Studies in the Ethnoarchaeology of South Asia|author=Bridget Allchin|publisher=Oxbow Books, 1994 - Archaeology - 391 pages|page=212}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra|author=Cynthia Talbot, Assistant Professor of History and Asian Studies Cynthia Talbot|publisher=Oxford University Press, 2001 - History - 305 pages|page=205}}</ref> | ||
The previous ruler Paramesvaravarman II did not have an heir so the ministers, feudatories and advisors of the kingdom took an expedition to neighboring kingdoms and distant lands to find a suitable prince of the original line. Upon reaching Kambujadesa, modern day Cambodia and southern Vietnam,{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} they finally identified Nandivarman II as belonging to the original line and willing to ascend the throne. Accordingly, he was brought and then installed on the throne of the Pallava kingdom.<ref>{{cite book|title=India Perspectives, Volume 9|author=India. Ministry of External Affairs|publisher=Produced by PTI for the Ministry of External Affairs, 1996|page=20}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Homecoming and Other Stories|author=Pradip Kumar Das|publisher=Partridge Publishing, 23-Aug-2013 - Biography & Autobiography - 144 pages|page=123}}</ref> | The previous ruler [[Paramesvaravarman II]] did not have an heir so the ministers, feudatories and advisors of the kingdom took an expedition to neighboring kingdoms and distant lands to find a suitable prince of the original line. Upon reaching [[Kambujadeśa|Kambujadesa]], modern day Cambodia and southern Vietnam,{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} they finally identified Nandivarman II as belonging to the original line and willing to ascend the throne. Accordingly, he was brought and then installed on the throne of the Pallava kingdom.<ref>{{cite book|title=India Perspectives, Volume 9|author=India. Ministry of External Affairs|publisher=Produced by PTI for the Ministry of External Affairs, 1996|page=20}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Homecoming and Other Stories|author=Pradip Kumar Das|publisher=Partridge Publishing, 23-Aug-2013 - Biography & Autobiography - 144 pages|page=123}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||