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{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}} | ||
{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| name = Sankaralinganar | | name = Sankaralinganar | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| birth_name = | | birth_name = | ||
| other_names = | | other_names = | ||
| birth_date = 26.01.1895 | | birth_date = 26.01.1895 | ||
| birth_place = Manmalai Medu village near Virudhunagar (now in [[Tamil Nadu]], | | birth_place = Manmalai Medu village near [[Virudhunagar]] (now in [[Tamil Nadu]], Indian union) | ||
| death_place = [[Madurai]] | | death_place = [[Madurai]] | ||
| death_date = {{Death date|1956|10|13|df=yes}} | | death_date = {{Death date|1956|10|13|df=yes}} | ||
| organization = | | organization = '''Tamilnadu state movement''' | ||
| spouse = | | spouse = | ||
| children = | | children = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Sankaralinganar | '''Sankaralinganar''' was a [[Tamils|Tamil]] Indian independence activist and Gandhian from Indian union who [[Hunger strike|fasted to death]] in an effort to change the name of [[Madras State]] to [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-tradition-of-political-martyrdom/article6468939.ece |title=A tradition of political martyrdom |date=3 October 2014 |work=The Hindu |access-date=14 January 2018 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114131117/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-tradition-of-political-martyrdom/article6468939.ece |archivedate=14 January 2018 }}</ref> He was a [[Tamil nationalist]] activist. | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Sankaralinga | Sankaralinga was born in Manmalai Medu village near [[Virudhunagar]] to Karuppasamy and Valliammai in 1895. He completed his schooling at Enadhinatha Nayanar Vidyalaya in Virudhunagar. He started a [[Khadi]] business in Paramakudi.<ref name="dinamani1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.dinamani.com/tamilnadu/2017/feb/06/2644318.html |title=காட்சிப் பொருளாக தியாகி சங்கரலிங்கனார் மணி மண்டபம் |date=6 February 2017 |work=[[Dinamani]] |access-date=14 January 2018 |language=Tamil |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114183940/https://www.dinamani.com/tamilnadu/2017/feb/06/2644318.htmll |archivedate=14 January 2018 }}</ref> In 1917, he joined [[Indian National Congress]] and participated in the [[Indian independence movement]]. Upon [[C. Rajagopalachari]]'s request, he left his business and joined Gandhi Ashram in [[Tiruchengode]].<ref name="hindu1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/tamilnadu/16289-.html|title=தியாகி சங்கரலிங்கனார் மணி மண்டபம் விரைவில் திறப்பு: தமிழ்நாடு என்ற பெயரைப் பெற்றுத் தந்தவர் |date=4 September 2014 |work=[[The Hindu (Tamil)]] |access-date=14 January 2018 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/tamilnadu/16289-.html|archivedate=1 March 2018 }}</ref> In 1930, Sankaralinganar participated in the [[Salt March]] led by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] from [[Ahmedabad]] to [[Dandi, Navsari|Dandi]]. For his involvement in the [[Satyagraha|independence movement]], he was imprisoned for six months in [[Trichy]] (Tiruchirappalli). He accompanied Mahatma Gandhi during his visit to Virudhunagar in 1933. In 1952, Sankaralinganar donated his two houses for a girls school and deposited money to provide food to the students.<ref name="dinamani1" /><ref name="hindu1" /> | ||
== Hunger strike == | == Hunger strike == | ||
After independence of India in 1947, [[Madras Presidency]] became [[Madras State]]. Madras State had multilingual speakers which included [[Tamils|Tamil]], [[Malayalam]], [[Kannada]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] speakers. In 1952, [[Potti Sreeramulu]] demanded a separate state for Telugu speaking people with [[Madras]] as its capital. He went on hunger strike with his demand, and later died during his fasts. The Government of India formed a separate state and [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|reorganised states in 1956]] based on linguistic lines.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/11/stories/2002111101540200.htm |title=The martyr of Telugu statehood |date=11 November 2002 |access-date=14 January 2018 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20031028035634/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/11/stories/2002111101540200.htm |work=[[The Hindu]] |archivedate=28 October 2003 }}</ref> After reorganisation, Tamil speaking people became the majority in Madras State. Tamil activists demanded a change in the state's name. During this period, Sankaralinganar started a hunger strike on 27 July 1956 in Virudhunagar, with twelve demands which included Madras State to be renamed Tamil Nadu | After independence of India in 1947, [[Madras Presidency]] became [[Madras State]]. Madras State had multilingual speakers which included [[Tamils|Tamil]], [[Malayalam]], [[Kannada]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] speakers. In 1952, [[Potti Sreeramulu]] demanded a separate state for Telugu speaking people with [[Madras]] as its capital. He went on hunger strike with his demand, and later died during his fasts. The Government of India formed a separate state and [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|reorganised states in 1956]] based on linguistic lines.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/11/stories/2002111101540200.htm |title=The martyr of Telugu statehood |date=11 November 2002 |access-date=14 January 2018 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20031028035634/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/11/stories/2002111101540200.htm |work=[[The Hindu]] |archivedate=28 October 2003 }}</ref> After reorganisation, Tamil speaking people became the majority in Madras State. Tamil activists demanded a change in the state's name. During this period, Sankaralinganar started a hunger strike on 27 July 1956 in Virudhunagar, with twelve demands which included Madras State to be renamed Tamil Nadu, the achievement of [[Electoral reform in India|electoral reforms]] and [[alcohol prohibition in India]].<ref name="vikatan1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.vikatan.com/news/tamilnadu/96987-sankaralinganar-who-died-for-tamil-nadu-today-is-the-day-he-starts-fasting-on-1956.html |title=தமிழ்நாட்டுக்காக உயிர்நீத்த சங்கரலிங்கனார் உண்ணாவிரதம் துவங்கிய நாள் இன்று ! |date=27 July 2017 |work=Vikatan |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115001742/https://www.vikatan.com/news/tamilnadu/96987-sankaralinganar-who-died-for-tamil-nadu-today-is-the-day-he-starts-fasting-on-1956.html |archivedate=15 January 2018 }}</ref> Leaders like [[C. N. Annadurai]], [[M. P. Sivagnanam]] and [[Jeevanandham]] requested him to stop his hunger strike but he continued. His health deteriorated and he was admitted to a hospital in [[Madurai]]. After 76 days of fasting, he died on 13 October 1956.<ref name="deccan1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/140118/golden-jubilee-of-renaming-madras-state-as-tn-is-cherishing-moment.html |title=Golden jubilee of renaming Madras state as TN is cherishing moment |date=14 January 2018 |work=Deccan Chronicle |access-date=14 January 2018 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115003444/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/140118/golden-jubilee-of-renaming-madras-state-as-tn-is-cherishing-moment.html |archivedate=15 January 2018 }}</ref> | ||
== Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||