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{{Short description|Indian Sufi saint}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}} | ||
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| alias = | | alias = | ||
| location = Kichaucha, Northern India | | location = Kichaucha, Northern India | ||
| title = {{unbulleted list|Jahangir | | title = {{unbulleted list|Jahangir|Mehboobe-Yazdani|Qudwatul Kubra|Sultan|Ashraf Jahangir|Makhdoom-e-Simnani}} | ||
| Period = Late 12th century to 13th century | | Period = Late 12th century to 13th century | ||
| Predecessor = [[Alaul Haq Pandavi]] | | Predecessor = [[Alaul Haq Pandavi]] | ||
| Line 16: | Line 17: | ||
| previous_post = | | previous_post = | ||
| present_post = | | present_post = | ||
| birth_name = | | birth_name = | ||
| birth_date = | | birth_date = 1289 CE (688 AH) | ||
| birth_place = [[Semnan, Iran|Semnan]] (in modern Iran) | | birth_place = [[Semnan, Iran|Semnan]] (in modern Iran) | ||
| death_date = | | death_date = 1425 CE (28 [[Muharram]] 808 AH) | ||
| death_place = Kichhauchha, India | | death_place = [[Ambedkar Nagar|Kichhauchha, India]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
''' | '''Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://roar.media/hindi/main/history/syed-makhdoom-ashraf-a-great-sufi-scholar|title=सैय्यद मखदूम अशरफ: बादश्ााहत ठुकराने वाले महान सूफी संत!|language=hi|access-date=7 August 2020|archive-date=19 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210619132321/https://roar.media/hindi/main/history/syed-makhdoom-ashraf-a-great-sufi-scholar|url-status=live}}</ref> ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|سلطان سید مخدوم اشرف جہانگیر سمنانی}}}}; (1285–1386)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&q=ashraf+jahangir+simnani&pg=PA28|title=Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia|last=Hanif|first=N.|date=2000|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=9788176250870|language=en|access-date=6 December 2020|archive-date=9 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240209214801/https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&q=ashraf+jahangir+simnani&pg=PA28#v=snippet&q=ashraf%20jahangir%20simnani&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>''Hayate Makhdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani'' (1975), Second Edition (2017) {{ISBN|978-93-85295-54-6}} {{Citation | ||
|location = MAKTABA JAMIA LIMITED, SHAMSHAD MARKET, ALIGARH-202002, U.P. INDIA | |location = MAKTABA JAMIA LIMITED, SHAMSHAD MARKET, ALIGARH-202002, U.P. INDIA | ||
|title = HAYATE MAKHDOOM SYED ASHRAF JAHANGIR SEMNANI (2nd Ed.) | |title = HAYATE MAKHDOOM SYED ASHRAF JAHANGIR SEMNANI (2nd Ed.) | ||
| Line 30: | Line 31: | ||
|date = 2017 | |date = 2017 | ||
|ol = 26384309M | |ol = 26384309M | ||
}}.</ref><ref>‘'MUQADDEMA-E- LATĀIF-E-ASHRAFI' Book in PERSIAN, Published by Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India</ref><ref>Akhbarul Akhyar' By Abdal Haqq Muhaddith Dehlwi [d.1052H-1642]. A short biography of the prominent sufis of India have been mentioned in this book including that of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani</ref> was an [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] Sufi saint from [[Semnan Province|Semnan]], [[Iran]]. He was the founder of the [[ | }}.</ref><ref>‘'MUQADDEMA-E- LATĀIF-E-ASHRAFI' Book in PERSIAN, Published by Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India</ref><ref>Akhbarul Akhyar' By Abdal Haqq Muhaddith Dehlwi [d.1052H-1642]. A short biography of the prominent sufis of India have been mentioned in this book including that of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani</ref> was an [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] [[Sufism|Sufi]] saint from [[Semnan Province|Semnan]], [[Iran]]. He was the founder of the Ashrafi Sufi order. He is India's third most influential Sufi saint after Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of [[Ajmer Sharif Dargah|Ajmer]] and Nizamuddin Auliya of [[Delhi]].<ref>''Life and Times of Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (RAH)'' by Dr. Syed Nurusyyidyn Madani Ashraf {{Cite book|url=http://www.amazon.com/Life-Times-Makhdoom-Ashraf-Jahangir-ebook/dp/|title=Life and Times of Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (RAH)|last1=Ashraf|first1=Syed |last2=Madani|first2=Nurusyyidyn|date=2019-09-03|publisher=Amazon|asin= B07XBYV1V8|language=en}}</ref> | ||
His father Sultan Ibrahim Noorbaksh was the local ruler of Semnan.<ref name="Springer">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p-UYDAAAQBAJ&q=ashraf+jahangir+simnani&pg=PA78|title=Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond|last1=Ernst|first1=C.|last2=Lawrence|first2=B.|date=2016-04-30|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781137095817|language=en | His father Sultan Ibrahim Noorbaksh was the local ruler of Semnan.<ref name="Springer">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p-UYDAAAQBAJ&q=ashraf+jahangir+simnani&pg=PA78|title=Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond|last1=Ernst|first1=C.|last2=Lawrence|first2=B.|date=2016-04-30|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781137095817|language=en|access-date=6 December 2020|archive-date=9 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240209214628/https://books.google.com/books?id=p-UYDAAAQBAJ&q=ashraf+jahangir+simnani&pg=PA78#v=snippet&q=ashraf%20jahangir%20simnani&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
# | |||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
After | After his father's death, Semnani then aged 17, became the ruler of [[Semnan, Iran|Semnan]]. He was said to be inclined towards [[Sufism|mysticism]]. He enjoyed the company of [[Ala ud-Daula Simnani|Ruknuddin Ala ul Daula Semnani]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/Mir-atUl-israr-UrduTranslation|title=Mir-at ul-Israr - Urdu translation|last=Shaykh Abdul Rahman Chishti|language=Urdu}}</ref> | ||
At the age of 23, Semnani abdicated his throne in favor of his brother Sultan | At the age of 23, Semnani abdicated his throne in favor of his brother Sultan Muhammad. Thereafter, Semnani migrated to [[Bengal]] in order to meet [[Alaul Haq Pandavi]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/Khazinat-ul-asfiyaurduTranslation4Volumes|title=Khazinat-ul-Asfiya (Urdu translation) 4 volumes|last=[[Mufti Ghulam Sarwar Lahori]]}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> | ||
== Travels == | == Travels == | ||
| Line 74: | Line 46: | ||
== Meeting with other Sufis == | == Meeting with other Sufis == | ||
Semnani | Semnani met with various known Sufis of his time, including [[Badi' al-Din|Shah Madar]], [[Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani|Mir Sayyid Ali Hamdani]], [[Hafiz shirazi|Hafez Shirazi]], [[Bande Nawaz]] and [[Sultan Walad]].<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Writings == | |||
Semnani was the author of the seminal Sufi text "Lataif-e-Ashrafi" ("Noble Subtleties"), a comprehensive encyclopedia of Sufism that explores practical and theoretical topics as well as theological, literary, and historical issues. | |||
Written as oral discourses, the book contains two volumes. | |||
Volume 1 explores Islamic theology, focusing on Tawheed (Divine Oneness). It includes a defense of [[Sama (Sufism)]] (music) as a spiritual tool. Volume 2 describes Sufi practices, ethics, and mystical states.<ref>See: https://ibnularabibooks.com/shop/lataif-e-ashrafi-by-ashraf-jahangir-samnani/</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Ala ud-Daula Simnani]] | * [[Ala ud-Daula Simnani]] | ||
* [[Alaul Haq Pandavi]] | * [[Alaul Haq Pandavi]] | ||
* [[Sufi Saints of South Asia]] | * [[Sufi Saints of South Asia]] | ||
* [[Wahab Ashrafi]] | * [[Wahab Ashrafi]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 94: | Line 66: | ||
== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
*{{ | * {{Cite book |publisher=Makhdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Academy |year=2010 |location=Baroda, Gujarat |language=ur |first=Syed Waheed |url=https://archive.org/details/Lataaif-eAshrafi/Lataaif-eAshrafi1/page/n1/mode/1up |title=Lataife Ashrafi and Maktubaate Ashrafi As Sources of Indian Medieval History |author=Ashraf |edition= |ol=25423260M |author-link=Syed Waheed Ashraf}} | ||
|publisher = Makhdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Academy | |||
|location = Baroda, Gujarat | |||
|title = Lataife Ashrafi | |||
|author = | |||
|edition = | |||
|ol = 25423260M | |||
}} | |||
{{authority control}} | {{authority control}} | ||
| Line 108: | Line 72: | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Semnani, Ashraf Jahangir}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Semnani, Ashraf Jahangir}} | ||
[[Category:Indian Sufi saints]] | [[Category:Indian Sufi saints]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Chishtis]] | ||
[[Category:People from Ambedkar Nagar district]] | [[Category:People from Ambedkar Nagar district]] | ||
[[Category:People from Semnan, Iran]] | [[Category:People from Semnan, Iran]] | ||
| Line 118: | Line 82: | ||
[[Category:Sufi teachers]] | [[Category:Sufi teachers]] | ||
[[Category:Iranian Sufi saints]] | [[Category:Iranian Sufi saints]] | ||
[[Category:Iranian Muslim mystics]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:59, 9 September 2025
Ashraf Jahangir Semnani | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Title |
|
| Personal | |
| Born | 1289 CE (688 AH) Semnan (in modern Iran) |
| Died | 1425 CE (28 Muharram 808 AH) |
| Religion | Islam |
| Muslim leader | |
| Based in | Kichaucha, Northern India |
| Period in office | Late 12th century to 13th century |
| Predecessor | Alaul Haq Pandavi |
| Successor | Abdur-Razzaq Nurul-Ain |
Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani[1] (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; (1285–1386)[2][3][4][5] was an Iranian Sufi saint from Semnan, Iran. He was the founder of the Ashrafi Sufi order. He is India's third most influential Sufi saint after Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of Ajmer and Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi.[6]
His father Sultan Ibrahim Noorbaksh was the local ruler of Semnan.[7]
Early life[edit | edit source]
After his father's death, Semnani then aged 17, became the ruler of Semnan. He was said to be inclined towards mysticism. He enjoyed the company of Ruknuddin Ala ul Daula Semnani.[8]
At the age of 23, Semnani abdicated his throne in favor of his brother Sultan Muhammad. Thereafter, Semnani migrated to Bengal in order to meet Alaul Haq Pandavi.[9][8]
Travels[edit | edit source]
After performing the obligatory pilgrimage to the Islamic Holy sites in Mecca and Medina, Semnani traveled to Gulbarga and Sarandib in South India.[8]
Meeting with other Sufis[edit | edit source]
Semnani met with various known Sufis of his time, including Shah Madar, Mir Sayyid Ali Hamdani, Hafez Shirazi, Bande Nawaz and Sultan Walad.[8]
Writings[edit | edit source]
Semnani was the author of the seminal Sufi text "Lataif-e-Ashrafi" ("Noble Subtleties"), a comprehensive encyclopedia of Sufism that explores practical and theoretical topics as well as theological, literary, and historical issues.
Written as oral discourses, the book contains two volumes.
Volume 1 explores Islamic theology, focusing on Tawheed (Divine Oneness). It includes a defense of Sama (Sufism) (music) as a spiritual tool. Volume 2 describes Sufi practices, ethics, and mystical states.[10]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "सैय्यद मखदूम अशरफ: बादश्ााहत ठुकराने वाले महान सूफी संत!" (in हिन्दी). Archived from the original on 19 June 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ↑ Hanif, N. (2000). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 9788176250870. Archived from the original on 9 February 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
- ↑ Hayate Makhdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (1975), Second Edition (2017) ISBN 978-93-85295-54-6 Syed Waheed Ashraf (2017), HAYATE MAKHDOOM SYED ASHRAF JAHANGIR SEMNANI (2nd Ed.), MAKTABA JAMIA LIMITED, SHAMSHAD MARKET, ALIGARH-202002, U.P. INDIA, OL 26384309M
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). - ↑ ‘'MUQADDEMA-E- LATĀIF-E-ASHRAFI' Book in PERSIAN, Published by Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- ↑ Akhbarul Akhyar' By Abdal Haqq Muhaddith Dehlwi [d.1052H-1642]. A short biography of the prominent sufis of India have been mentioned in this book including that of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani
- ↑ Life and Times of Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (RAH) by Dr. Syed Nurusyyidyn Madani Ashraf Ashraf, Syed; Madani, Nurusyyidyn (3 September 2019). Life and Times of Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (RAH). Amazon. ASIN B07XBYV1V8.
- ↑ Ernst, C.; Lawrence, B. (30 April 2016). Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond. Springer. ISBN 9781137095817. Archived from the original on 9 February 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Shaykh Abdul Rahman Chishti. Mir-at ul-Israr - Urdu translation (in Urdu).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ Mufti Ghulam Sarwar Lahori. Khazinat-ul-Asfiya (Urdu translation) 4 volumes.
- ↑ See: https://ibnularabibooks.com/shop/lataif-e-ashrafi-by-ashraf-jahangir-samnani/
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- Ashraf, Syed Waheed (2010). Lataife Ashrafi and Maktubaate Ashrafi As Sources of Indian Medieval History (in اردو). Baroda, Gujarat: Makhdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Academy. OL 25423260M.