North 24 Parganas district: Difference between revisions

| name                  = North 24 Parganas district

| settlement_type        = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District of West Bengal]]

| image_map                       = {{maplink |frame=yes

|text= '''North 24 Parganas district'''

|title= North 24 Parganas district of West Bengal

| map_caption                    = Location in West Bengal

'''North 24 Parganas''' (abv. '''24 PGS (N)''') or sometimes '''North Twenty Four Parganas''' is a district in southern [[West Bengal]], of eastern India. North 24 Parganas extends in the [[tropical zone]] from [[latitude]] 22° 11′ 6″ north to 23° 15′ 2″ north and from longitude 88º20' east to 89º5' east. It is bordered to [[Nadia district|Nadia]] by north, to [[Bangladesh]] ([[Khulna]] Division) by north and east, to [[South 24 Parganas]] and [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]] by south and to Kolkata, [[Howrah district|Howrah]] and [[Hooghly district|Hoogly]] by west. [[Barasat]] is the district headquarters of North 24 Parganas. North 24 Parganas is West Bengal's most populous district<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> and also (since 2014) the most populated district in the whole of India. It is the tenth-largest district in the State by area.

According to [[Ptolemy]]'s ''[[Geography (Ptolemy)|Geography]]'', written in the second century A.D., the ancient land of Gangaridi was stretched between the rivers Bhagirathi-Hoogly (lower [[Ganges]]) and Padma-Meghna. The modern-day 24 [[Pargana]]s was the southern and the south-eastern territory of that legendary kingdom.

Archaeological excavation at Berachampa village in Deganga PS proves that though the area was not directly attached to the rule of the [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]], yet it could not shun their cultural influence. [[Xuanzang]] ({{circa|629–685}}) visited 30 [[Buddhist]] Biharas and 100 Hindu Temples in India and some of these were in the Greater 24 Parganas region.

The district was not a part of [[Shashanka]]'s unified Bengali empire known as [[Gauḍa region|Gauda]], but it is assumed that the district which was the south-west frontier territory of ancient Bengal, was comprised in under the rule of [[Dharmapala]] (estimated c. 770–810). The Pala rule was not quite strong in this part, as no excavation uncovered any of Buddhist Pala antiquities but many Hindu Sena sculptures.

In 1980, an administrative reform committee under the chairmanship of Dr. Ashok Mitra suggested to split the district into two and as per the recommendation of the committee in 1983, 1 March two districts – North 24 Parganas (24 PGS (N)) and South 24 Parganas (24 PGS (S)) were created in 1986

. The North 24 Parganas which was included to the [[Presidency]] Division has been formed with five sub-divisions of the Greater 24 Parganas, namely [[Barasat|Barasat Sadar]] (Headquarters), [[Barrackpore]], [[Basirhat]], [[Bangaon]], and [[Bidhannagar]] (a satellite township of Kolkata, popularly known as Salt Lake).

North 24 Parganas is one of the nine severely [[Arsenic contamination of groundwater|arsenic affected]] districts in West Bengal. On the basis of updated survey conducted by School of Environmental Studies (SOES), [[Jadavpur University]], out of total 22 administrative blocks in 22, 21 and 16 blocks arsenic above the 10 μg/L (WHO Recommended value of arsenic in drinking water), 50 μg/L (Indian standard value of arsenic in drinking water) and 300 μg/L (the concentration predicting overt arsenical skin lesions) was noted respectively.

*'''Bongaon Subdivision''', consists of [[Bangaon]] municipality and three community development blocks: [[Bagdah, North 24 Parganas|Bagdah]], [[Bangaon (community development block)|Bangaon]] and [[Gaighata (community development block)|Gaighata]].

* [[Narula Institute of Technology]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://nit.ac.in/ | title = Narula Institute of Technology  | publisher = NIT  |access-date =  8 May 2018}}</ref>

* [[Dinabandhu Mahavidyalay]]  

*[[Vivekananda College, Madhyamgram]]

[[File:BRKM Entrance.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School]]]]

* [[Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rkmissionbaranagar.org/|title=Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, Baranagar Mission|access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref>

* [[Central Modern School]]

* [[Sodepur High School]]

This district is rich in culture. Many famous places like [[Dakshineswar Kali Temple]], [[Baranagar Math]]<ref name="Brief history of Baranagar Math">{{cite web|title=Brief history of Baranagar Math |url=http://www.rkmbaranagar.org/brief_history.php |publisher=Tamakrishna Mission, Baranagar |access-date=8 July 2013 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Hx31O6Ve?url=http://www.rkmbaranagar.org/brief_history.php |archive-date=8 July 2013 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> (first monastery of Ramakrishna Order) are situated in this district. Many places of this district are famous for festivals – [[Habra]], [[Barrackpore]], [[Barasat]], [[Naihati]] and [[Madhyamgram]] are for [[Kali puja]], [[Bangaon]], [[Baranagar]], [[Basirhat]] are for [[Durga puja]], [[Ashoknagar Kalyangarh]] is for [[Jagaddhatri|Jagatdhatri puja]], [[Berachampa]] is for [[Basanti puja]] etc.

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] North 24 Parganas district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 10,009,781,<ref name="districtcensus"/><ref>{{cite news|last1=Yeshwantrao|first1=Nitin|title=Population explosion across Thane district worries officials|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Population-explosion-across-Thane-district-worries-officials/articleshow/7839700.cms?referral=PM|access-date=18 March 2016|work=The Times of India|date=1 April 2011}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Bolivia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Bolivia 10,118,683 July 2011 est. }}</ref> or the US state of [[Michigan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Michigan 9,883,640 }}</ref> This gave it a ranking of second in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]) and first in its state.<ref name=districtcensus/> However, in 2014 the [[Thane district]] (in [[Maharashtra]]), which had been ranked first in India in 2011, was divided into two, thus promoting North 24 Parganas District to first in India. The district has a population density of {{convert|2463|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 12.86%.<ref name=districtcensus/> North Twenty Four Parganas has a [[sex ratio]] of 949 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 84.95%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.67% and 2.64% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>{{bar box

|title = Religion in North 24 Parganas district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>

|titlebar=#FCD116

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{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|73.46}}

{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#008000|25.82}}

{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.72}}

* [[Rahul Banerjee (archer)|Rahul Banerjee]], athlete

* [[Pramatha Nath Bose]], [[Geologist]] and [[Paleontologist]]

{{commons category|North 24 Parganas district}}