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{{about|the men's team|the women's team|England women's cricket team}}
{{Short description|Legal jurisdiction in the United Kingdom}}
{{short description|Sports team}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox cricket team
{{More citations needed |date=June 2022}}
| name                  = England
{{Infobox settlement
| image                = England cricket team logo.svg
| name = England and Wales
| image_size            = 130px
| native_name = {{native name|cy|Cymru a Lloegr}}
| alt                  =
| native_name_lang = cy
| caption              =  Three Lions Symbol representing England and Wales cricket teams
| other_name = "England" (1746–1967)
| nickname              =  
| settlement_type = Legal jurisdiction
| association          = [[England and Wales Cricket Board]]
| image_skyline =  
| test_captain          = [[Joe Root]]
| image_caption =  
| od_captain            = [[Eoin Morgan]]
| image_map = England and Wales within the UK and Europe.svg
| t20i_captain          = [[Eoin Morgan]]
| map_caption = Map of England and Wales in the [[United Kingdom]]
| coach                = [[Chris Silverwood]]
| subdivision_type = Sovereign state
| test_status_year      = 1877
| subdivision_name = United Kingdom
 
| established_title = Formed
| icc_status            = Full Member
| established_date = 1535–1542
| icc_member_year      = 1909
| named_for = [[England]] and [[Wales]]
| icc_region            = [[European Cricket Council|Europe]]
| governing_body = [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]
 
| area_footnotes = <ref name="popstats">{{UK subdivision statistics citation}}</ref>
| test_rank            = 4th
| area_land_km2 = {{UK subdivision area|GSS=K04000001}}
| odi_rank              = 2nd
| population_footnotes = <ref name="popstats" />
| t20i_rank            = 1st
| population_as_of = {{UK subdivision statistics year}}
| test_rank_best        = 1st <small>(1 June 1955)</small><!-- Date when team reached its all time best ranking for the first time -->
| population_total = {{UK subdivision population|GSS=K04000001}}
| odi_rank_best        = 1st <small>(1 January 1981)</small><!-- Date when team reached its all time best ranking for the first time -->
| population_density_km2 = {{UK subdivision density|GSS=K04000001}}
| t20i_rank_best        = 1st <small>(24 October 2011)</small><!-- Date when team reached its all time best ranking for the first time -->
| timezone1 = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
 
| utc_offset1 = +0
| first_test            = v. {{cr|AUS}} at the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], [[Melbourne]]; 15–19 March 1877
| timezone1_DST = [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| most_recent_test      = v. {{cr|IND}} at [[Lord's]], [[London]]; 12–16 August 2021
| utc_offset1_DST = +1|
| num_tests            = 1,038
| iso_code =  
| num_tests_this_year  = 10
| blank1_name = [[GSS coding system|GSS code]]
| test_record          = 377/310<br />(351 draws)
| blank1_info = K04000001
| test_record_this_year = 3/5<br />(2 draws)
 
| wtc_apps              = 1
| wtc_first            = [[2019–2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019–2021]]
| wtc_best              = 4th place ([[2019–2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019–2021]])
 
| first_odi            = v. {{cr|AUS}} at the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], [[Melbourne]]; 5 January 1971
| most_recent_odi      = v. {{cr|PAK}} at [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]], [[Birmingham]]; 13 July 2021
| num_odis              = 761
| num_odis_this_year    = 9
| odi_record            = 384/339<br />(9 ties, 29 no result)
| odi_record_this_year  = 6/2<br />(0 ties, 1 no result)
 
| wc_apps              = 12
| wc_first              = [[1975 Cricket World Cup|1975]]
| wc_best              = Champions ([[2019 Cricket World Cup|2019]])
 
| first_t20i            = v. {{cr|AUS}} at the [[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|Ageas Bowl]], [[Southampton]]; 13 June 2005
| most_recent_t20i      = v. {{cr|PAK}} at [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]], [[Manchester]]; 20 July 2021
| num_t20is            = 137
| num_t20is_this_year  = 11
| t20i_record          = 71/59<br />(2 ties, 5 no results)
| t20i_record_this_year = 7/4<br />(0 ties, 0 no result)
 
| wt20_apps            = 6
| wt20_first            = [[2007 ICC World Twenty20|2007]]
| wt20_best            = Champions ([[2010 ICC World Twenty20|2010]])
 
| h_pattern_la          =  
| h_pattern_b          = _collar
| h_pattern_ra          =
| h_pattern_pants      =
| h_leftarm            = fffff0
| h_body                = fffff0
| h_rightarm            = fffff0
| h_pants              = fffff0
| a_pattern_la          =
| a_pattern_b          = _collar
| a_pattern_ra          =
| a_pattern_pants      =
| a_leftarm            = B0E0E6
| a_body                = B0E0E6
| a_rightarm            = B0E0E6
| a_pants              = 011E3D
| t_pattern_la          = _navyborder
| t_pattern_b          =
| t_pattern_ra          = _navyborder
| t_pattern_pants      =
| t_leftarm            = 800000
| t_body                = FF1900
| t_rightarm            = 800000
| t_pants              = 000000
 
| asofdate              = 16 August 2021
}}
}}
The '''England cricket team''' represents [[cricket in England|England]] and [[cricket in Wales|Wales]] in [[international cricket]]. Since 1997, it has been governed by the [[England and Wales Cricket Board]] (ECB), having been previously governed by [[Marylebone Cricket Club]] (the MCC) since 1903.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/about-us/about-the-ecb |title=About the ECB |publisher=[[England and Wales Cricket Board]] |access-date=29 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525164144/https://www.ecb.co.uk/about-us/about-the-ecb |archive-date=25 May 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lords.org/history/mcc-history/|title=MCC History|publisher=[[Marylebone Cricket Club|MCC]]|access-date=7 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218202927/http://www.lords.org/history/mcc-history|archive-date=18 February 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> England, as a founding nation, is a Full Member of the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC) with [[Test cricket|Test]], [[One Day International]] (ODI) and [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) status. Until the 1990s, Scottish and Irish players also played for England as those countries were not yet ICC members in their own right.
'''England and Wales''' ({{Langx|cy|Cymru a Lloegr}}) is one of the [[Law of the United Kingdom#Legal jurisdictions|three legal jurisdictions]] of the [[United Kingdom]]. It covers the two constituent countries of [[England]] and [[Wales]], and was formed by the [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542]]. The substantive law of the jurisdiction is [[English law]].
 
England and [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] were the first teams to play a Test match (15–19 March 1877), and along with [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]], these nations formed the Imperial Cricket Conference (the predecessor to today's International Cricket Council) on 15 June 1909. England and Australia also played the first ODI on 5 January 1971. England's first T20I was played on 13 June 2005, once more against Australia.
 
{{As of|2021|8|16}}, England have played 1,038 Test matches, winning 377 and losing 310 (with 351 draws).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283877.html|title=Records {{!}} Test matches {{!}} Team records {{!}} Results summary {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|website=Cricinfo|access-date=2021-01-25}}</ref> In Test series against Australia, England play for [[The Ashes]], one of the most famous trophies in all of sport, and they have won the urn on 32 occasions. England have also played 760 ODIs, winning 383.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283878.html |title=Records / One-Day Internationals / Result summary |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=17 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224020144/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283878.html |archive-date=24 February 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> They have appeared in the final of the [[Cricket World Cup]] four times, winning once in [[2019 Cricket World Cup|2019]]; they have also finished as runners-up in two [[ICC Champions Trophy|ICC Champions Trophies]] (2004 and 2013). England have played 136 T20Is, winning 70.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283307.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Result summary |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=16 February 2020 }}</ref> They won the [[ICC T20 World Cup]] in 2010, and were runners-up in 2016.
 
{{As of|2021|5|20}}, England are ranked third in Tests, fourth in ODIs and first in T20Is by the ICC.<ref name="ICC Rankings"/>
 
==History==
 
[[File:All-England_Eleven.jpg|thumb|The All-England Eleven in 1846]]
The first recorded incidence of a team with a claim to represent England comes from 9 July 1739 when an "All-England" team, which consisted of 11 gentlemen from any part of England exclusive of [[Kent county cricket teams|Kent]], played against "the Unconquerable County" of Kent and lost by a margin of "very few notches".<ref name="W22">Waghorn, pp.22–23.</ref> Such matches were repeated on numerous occasions for the best part of a century.
 
In 1846 [[William Clarke (cricketer, born 1798)|William Clarke]] formed the [[William Clarke's All-England Eleven|All-England Eleven]]. This team eventually competed against a [[United All-England Eleven]] with annual matches occurring between 1847 and 1856. These matches were arguably the most important contest of the English season if judged by the quality of the players.
 
===Early tours===
[[File:England in North America 1859.jpg|left|thumb|The 1859 English team to North America.]]
The first overseas tour occurred in September 1859 with [[English cricket team in North America in 1859|England touring North America]]. This team had six players from the All-England Eleven, six from the United All-England Eleven and was captained by [[George Parr (cricketer)|George Parr]].
 
With the outbreak of the [[American Civil War]], attention turned elsewhere. [[English cricket team in Australia in 1861–62|English tourists visited Australia in 1861–62]] with this first tour organised as a commercial venture by Messrs Spiers and Pond, restaurateurs of [[Melbourne]]. Most matches played during tours prior to 1877 were "against odds", with the opposing team fielding more than 11 players to make for a more even contest.<ref name="content-uk.cricinfo.com">{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ausveng/content/story/259952.html|title=England v Australia 1864&nbsp;– 1888|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=5 February 2008|date=19 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106154837/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ausveng/content/story/259952.html|archive-date=6 January 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> This first Australian tour were mostly against odds of at least 18/11.
 
[[File:English cricket team 1861.jpg|right|thumb|The first England team to tour southern Australia in 1861–62]]
The tour was so successful that Parr led a [[English cricket team in Australia in 1863–64|second tour in 1863–64]]. [[James Lillywhite]] led a subsequent England team which sailed on the P&O steamship ''Poonah'' on 21 September 1876. They played a combined Australian XI, for once on even terms of 11-a-side. The match, starting on 15 March 1877 at the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]] came to be regarded as the inaugural Test match. The combined Australian XI won this Test match by 45 runs with [[Charles Bannerman]] of Australia scoring the first Test century. At the time, the match was promoted as ''James Lillywhite's XI v Combined Victoria and New South Wales''.<ref name="content-uk.cricinfo.com"/> The teams played a return match on the same ground at Easter, 1877, when Lillywhite's team avenged their loss with a victory by four wickets. The first Test match on English soil occurred in 1880 with England victorious; this was the first time England fielded a fully representative side with [[W. G. Grace]] included in the team.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154315.html|title=Australia in England 1880|publisher=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden]]|access-date=5 February 2008|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708035234/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154315.html|archive-date=8 July 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
===1880s===
[[File:DeathofEnglishCricket.jpg|250px|thumb|The death notice printed on ''The Sporting Times'' newspaper which first named [[the Ashes]].]]
 
England lost their first home series 1–0 in 1882, with ''[[The Sporting Times]]'' printing an obituary on English cricket:
 
{{quotation|<center>In Affectionate Remembrance<br/>
OF<br/>
<big>''ENGLISH CRICKET'',</big><br/>
WHICH DIED AT THE OVAL<br/>
<small>ON</small><br/>
<big>29th AUGUST, 1882,</big><br/>
Deeply lamented by a large circle of sorrowing<br/>friends and acquaintances.<br/>
<big>R. I. P.</big><br/>
''N.B.—The body will be cremated and the''<br/>''ashes taken to Australia.''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,23070-471469,00.html |title=The Ashes in The Times |work=The Times |date=6 November 2002 |access-date=5 February 2008 |location=London |first=Marcus |last=Williams |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080210145936/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,23070-471469,00.html |archive-date=10 February 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref></center>}}
 
As a result of this loss, the tour of 1882–83 was dubbed by England captain [[Ivo Bligh]] as "the quest to regain the ashes". England, with a mixture of amateurs and professionals, won the series 2–1.<ref name="http">{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154318.html|title=England in Australia, 1882–83|publisher=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden]]|access-date=5 February 2008|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119192012/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154318.html|archive-date=19 January 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Bligh was presented with an urn that contained some ashes, which have variously been said to be of a [[bail (cricket)|bail]], [[cricket ball|ball]] or even a woman's veil, and so [[The Ashes]] was born. A fourth match was then played which Australia won by four wickets. However, the match was not considered part of the Ashes series.<ref name="http"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/engine/match/62408.html|title=Australia v England|publisher=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden]]|access-date=5 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107004403/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/engine/match/62408.html|archive-date=7 January 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> England dominated many of these early contests with England winning the Ashes series 10 times between 1884 and 1898.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/statsguru/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;opposition=2;spanmax1=31+Dec+1899;spanmax2=31+Dec+1898;spanmin1=1+Jan+1884;spanmin2=1+Jan+1884;spanval1=span;spanval2=span;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=series|title=Test matches|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=5 February 2008}}</ref> During this period England also played their first Test match against [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] in 1889 at [[Port Elizabeth]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/engine/match/62426.html|title=South Africa v England|publisher=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden]]|access-date=5 February 2008|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710090015/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/engine/match/62426.html|archive-date=10 July 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
===1890s===
England won the 1890 Ashes series 2–0, with the third match of the series being the first Test match to be abandoned. England lost 2–1 in the 1891–92 series, although England regained the urn the following year. England again won the 1894–95 series, winning 3–2 under the leadership of [[Andrew Stoddart]]. In 1895–96, England played South Africa, winning all Tests in the series. The 1899 Ashes series was the first tour where the MCC and the counties appointed a selection committee. There were three active players: Grace, [[Lord Hawke]] and [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] captain [[Herbert Bainbridge]]. Prior to this, England teams for home Tests had been chosen by the club on whose ground the match was to be played. England lost the 1899 Ashes series 1–0, with Grace making his final Test appearance in the first match of the series.
 
===1900s===
The start of the 20th century saw mixed results for England as they lost four of the eight Ashes series between 1900 and 1914.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/statsguru/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;opposition=2;orderby=start;spanmax1=31+Dec+1914;spanmin1=1+Jan+1900;spanval1=span;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=series |title=Test matches |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=5 February 2008 }}</ref> During this period, England lost their first series against South Africa in the 1905–06 season 4–1 as their batting faltered.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/statsguru/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;opposition=3;orderby=start;spanmax1=24+Jan+1911;spanval1=span;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=series|title=Test matches|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=5 February 2008}}</ref>
 
England lost their first series of the new century to Australia in 1901–02 Ashes. Australia also won the 1902 series, which was memorable for exciting cricket, including [[Gilbert Jessop]] scoring a Test century in just 70 minutes. England regained the Ashes in 1904 under the captaincy of [[Pelham Warner]]. [[R. E. Foster]] scored 287 on his debut and [[Wilfred Rhodes]] took 15 wickets in a match. In 1905–06, England lost 4–1 against South Africa. England avenged the defeat in 1907, when they won the series 1–0 under the captaincy of Foster. However, they lost the 1909 Ashes series against Australia, suing 25 players in the process. England also lost to South Africa, with [[Jack Hobbs]] scoring his first of 15 centuries on the tour.
 
===1910s===
England toured Australia in 1911–12 and beat their opponents 4–1. The team included the likes of Rhodes, Hobbs, [[Frank Woolley]] and [[Sydney Barnes]]. England lost the first match of the series but bounced back and won the next four Tests. This proved to be the last Ashes series before the war.
 
The 1912 season saw England take part in a unique experiment. A nine-Test triangular tournament involving England, South Africa and Australia was set up. The series was hampered by a very wet summer and player disputes however and the tournament was considered a failure with the ''Daily Telegraph'' stating:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ausveng/content/story/260677.html|title=England v Australia 1890&nbsp;– 1914|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=5 February 2008|date=27 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008035811/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ausveng/content/story/260677.html|archive-date=8 October 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
{{quote|Nine Tests provide a surfeit of cricket, and contests between Australia and South Africa are not a great attraction to the British public.}}
 
With Australia sending a weakened team and the South African bowlers being ineffective England dominated the tournament winning four of their six matches. The match between Australia and South Africa at [[Lord's]] was visited by [[George V|King George V]], the first time a reigning monarch had watched Test cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/237048.html|title=Australia v South Africa|publisher=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden]]|access-date=5 February 2008|date=14 February 2006|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709172943/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/237048.html|archive-date=9 July 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> England went on one more tour before the outbreak of the [[World War I|First World War]], beating South Africa 4–0, with Barnes taking 49 wickets in the series.
 
===1920s===
England's first match after the war was in the 1920–21 season against Australia. Still feeling the effects of the war England went down to a series of crushing defeats and suffered their first whitewash losing the series 5–0. Six Australians scored hundreds while Mailey spun out 36 English batsmen. Things were no better in the next few Ashes series losing the 1921 Ashes series 3–0 and the 1924–25 Ashes 4–1. England's fortunes were to change in 1926 as they regained the Ashes and were a formidable team during this period dispatching Australia 4–1 in the 1928–29 Ashes tour.
 
On the same year the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] became the fourth nation to be granted [[Test cricket#Test status|Test status]] and played their first game against England. England won each of these three Tests by an innings, and a view was expressed in the press that their elevation had proved a mistake although [[Learie Constantine]] did [[Double (cricket)|the double]] on the tour. In the 1929–30 season England went on two concurrent tours with one team going to New Zealand (who were granted Test status earlier that year) and the other to the West Indies. Despite sending two separate teams England won both tours beating New Zealand 1–0 and the West Indies 2–1.
 
===1930s===
[[File:4th Test Woodfull.jpg|left|thumb|[[Bill Woodfull]] evades a Bodyline ball. Note the number of leg-side fielders.]]
The 1930 Ashes series saw a young [[Don Bradman]] dominate the tour, scoring 974 runs in his seven Test innings. He scored 254 at Lord's, 334 at [[Headingley Cricket Ground|Headingley]] and 232 at [[The Oval]]. Australia regained the Ashes winning the series 3–1. As a result of Bradman's prolific run-scoring the England captain [[Douglas Jardine]] chose to develop the already existing [[leg theory]] into fast leg theory, or bodyline, as a tactic to stop Bradman. Fast leg theory involved bowling fast balls directly at the batsman's body. The batsman would need to defend himself, and if he touched the ball with the bat, he risked being caught by one of a large number of fielders placed on the leg side.
 
[[File:StateLibQld 1 233112 English cricket team at the test match held in Brisbane, 1928.jpg|right|thumb|English cricket team at the Test match held at the [[Brisbane Exhibition Ground]]. England won the match by a record margin of 675 runs.]]
Using Jardine's fast leg theory, England won the next Ashes series 4–1, but complaints about the Bodyline tactic caused crowd disruption on the tour, and threats of diplomatic action from the [[Cricket Australia|Australian Cricket Board]], which during the tour sent the following cable to the MCC in London:


{{quote|Bodyline bowling assumed such proportions as to menace best interests of game, making protection of body by batsmen the main consideration. Causing intensely bitter feeling between players as well as injury. In our opinion is unsportsmanlike. Unless stopped at once likely to upset friendly relations existing between Australia and England.}}
The [[Welsh devolution|devolved]] [[Senedd]] (Welsh Parliament; {{langx|cy|Senedd Cymru}}) – previously named the National Assembly for Wales – was created in 1999 under the [[Government of Wales Act 1998]] and provides a degree of [[Self-governance|self-government]] in Wales. The powers of the legislature were expanded by the [[Government of Wales Act 2006]], which allows it to pass [[Welsh law|its own laws]], and the Act also formally separated the [[Welsh Government]] from the Senedd. There is currently no [[Devolved English parliament|equivalent body for England]], which is directly governed by the parliament and [[government of the United Kingdom]].


Later, Jardine was removed from the captaincy and the [[Laws of Cricket]] changed so that no more than one fast ball aimed at the body was permitted per over, and having more than two fielders behind square leg was banned.
==History of jurisdiction==
[[File:Brittain 410.jpg|thumb|The Roman province of [[Roman Britain|Britannia]] in 410]]


England's following tour of India in the 1933–34 season was the first Test match to be staged in the subcontinent. The series was also notable for [[Stan Nichols]] and [[Nobby Clark (cricketer)|Nobby Clark]] bowling so many bouncers that the Indian batsman wore solar toupées instead of caps to protect themselves.
During the [[Roman occupation of Britain]], the area of present-day England and Wales was administered as a single unit, except for the land to the north of [[Hadrian's Wall]] – though the Roman-occupied area varied in extent, and for a time extended to the [[Antonine Wall|Antonine/Severan Wall]]. It is thought that at that time most of the native inhabitants of [[Roman Britain]] spoke [[Brythonic languages]], but they were all regarded as [[Britons (historical)|Britons]], divided into numerous tribes. After the conquest, the Romans administered this region as a single unit, the [[Roman province|province]] of [[Roman Britain|Britain]].


Australia won the 1934 Ashes series 2–1 and kept the urn for the following 19 years. Many of the wickets of the time were friendly to batsmen resulting in a large proportion of matches ending in high scoring draws and many batting records being set.
Long after the departure of the Romans, the Britons in what became Wales developed their [[Cyfraith Hywel|own system of law]], first codified by [[Hywel Dda]] (Hywel the Good; reigned 942–950) when he was king of most of present-day Wales (compare [[King of Wales]]); in England [[Anglo-Saxon law]] was initially codified by [[Alfred the Great#Legal reform|Alfred the Great]] in his [[Doom book|Legal Code]], {{circa|893}}. However, after the [[Norman invasion of Wales]] in the 11th century, [[English law]] came to apply in the parts of Wales conquered by the [[Normans]] (the [[Welsh Marches]]). In 1283, the English, led by [[Edward I of England|Edward I]], with the biggest army brought together in England since the 11th century, [[Conquest of Wales by Edward I of England|conquered the remainder of Wales]], then organised as the [[Principality of Wales]]. This was then united with the English crown by the [[Statute of Rhuddlan]] of 1284. This aimed to replace Welsh criminal law with English law.


England drew the 1938 Ashes, meaning Australia retained the urn. England went into the final match of the series at The Oval 1–0 down, but won the final game by an innings and 579 runs. [[Len Hutton]] made the highest ever Test score by an Englishman, making 364 in England first innings to help them reach 903, their highest ever score against Australia.
Welsh law continued to be used for civil cases until the annexation of Wales to England in the 16th century by the Welsh [[House of Tudor]]. The [[Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542]] then consolidated the administration of all the Welsh territories and incorporated them fully into the legal system of the [[Kingdom of England]].<ref name="Principality">{{cite book |last=Cannon |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TYnfhTq2M7EC |title=A Dictionary of British History |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-955037-1 |page=661 |author-link=John Cannon (historian) |access-date=15 October 2010}}</ref> This was in part to update outdated Welsh laws, but also to control Wales alongside England; through these acts, the Welsh could be seen as equals to the English.<ref>Owen, Gwilym, et al. "The Acts of Union 1536–43—Not Quite the End of the Road for Welsh Law?" ''Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium'', vol. 37, Department of Celtic Languages & Literatures, [[Harvard University]], 2017, pp. 217–250, {{JSTOR|45048897}}.</ref> This was reflected on both [[Henry VIII]] and [[Elizabeth I]]'s coat of arms where the dragon represented Wales and the lion represented England.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/41617/41617-h/41617-h.htm|publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]]|authorlink=Arthur Charles Fox-Davies|author=Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles|date=1909|title=A Complete Guide to Heraldry}}</ref> When the Tudor dynasty ended with the death of [[Elizabeth I]] the [[Welsh Dragon|red dragon of Wales]] was replaced with the [[National symbols of Scotland|unicorn]] of Scotland with the succession of [[James VI and I|King James I]] who demoted Wales' status on the coat of arms and on the first adaptation of the [[Flag of Great Britain]].<ref name=BBC_20060410>{{cite news|last1=Duffy |first1=Jonathan |title=Union recognition |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/4895076.stm |work=BBC News |date=10 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130134900/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/4895076.stm |archive-date=30 November 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/06/magazine_enl_1144679591/html/1.stm|publisher=[[BBC]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410134721/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/06/magazine_enl_1144679591/html/1.stm|archivedate=April 10, 2021|date=2021|title=BBC News}}</ref>


The 1938–39 tour of South Africa saw another experiment with the deciding Test being a [[timeless Test]] that was played to a finish. England lead 1–0 going into the final timeless match at Durban. Despite the final Test being 'timeless', the game ended in a draw after 10 days as England had to catch the train to catch the boat home. A record 1,981 runs were scored, and the concept of timeless Tests was abandoned. England went on one final tour of the West Indies in 1939 before the [[World War II|Second World War]], although a team for an MCC tour of India was selected more in hope than expectation of the matches being played.
Prior to 1746, it was not clear whether a reference to "England" in legislation included Wales, and so in 1746, Parliament passed the [[Wales and Berwick Act 1746]]. This specified that in all prior and future laws, references to "England" would by default include Wales (and [[Berwick-upon-Tweed]]). The Wales and Berwick Act was repealed by the [[Welsh Language Act 1967]], although the statutory definition of "England" created by that Act still applies for laws passed before 1967. In new legislation since then, what was referred to as "England" is now "England and Wales", while subsequent references to "England" and "Wales" refer to those political divisions.{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}


===1940s===
=== Wales jurisdiction ===
Test cricket resumed after the war in 1946, and England won their first match back against India. However, they struggled in the 1946–47 Ashes series, losing 3–0 in Australia under [[Wally Hammond]]'s captaincy. England beat South Africa 3–0 in 1947 with [[Denis Compton]] scoring 1,187 runs in the series.
{{Main|Proposed Wales criminal justice system|Welsh devolution}}
There have been multiple calls from both Welsh academics and politicians for a [[Proposed Wales criminal justice system|Wales criminal justice system]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Written Statement: Update on the development of the justice system and the legal sector in Wales (30 September 2021) |url=https://gov.wales/written-statement-update-development-justice-system-and-legal-sector-wales |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=GOV.WALES |date=30 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-29 |title=Plaid Cymru call for devolution of justice to Wales - 'we can't be treated as an appendage to England' |url=https://nation.cymru/news/plaid-cymru-devolution-justice/ |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=Nation.Cymru |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Devolution a 'necessary step' towards a better Welsh criminal justice system, academics argue |url=https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/2678710-devolution-a-necessary-step-towards-a-better-welsh-criminal-justice-system,-academics-argue |access-date=2023-02-22 |website=Cardiff University |language=en}}</ref>


The 1947–48 series against the West Indies was another disappointment for England, with the side losing 2–0 following injuries to several key players. England suffered further humiliation against Bradman's invincible side in the 1948 Ashes series. Hutton was controversially dropped for the third Test, and England were bowled out for just 52 at The Oval. The series proved to be Bradman's final Ashes series.
==Law==
[[File:Royal courts of justice.jpg|thumb|The [[Royal Courts of Justice]] of England and Wales]]


In 1948–49, England beat South Africa 2–0 under the captaincy of George Mann. The series included a record breaking stand of 359 between Hutton and [[Cyril Washbrook]]. The decade ended with England drawing the Test series against New Zealand, with every match ending in a draw.
England and Wales are treated as a single unit for some purposes, because the two form the constitutional successor to the former Kingdom of England. The continuance of [[Scots law]] was guaranteed under the 1706 [[Treaty of Union]] that led to the [[Acts of Union 1707]], and as a consequence English law{{mdash}}and after [[Acts of Union 1800|1801]], [[Parliament of Ireland|Irish law]]{{mdash}}continued to be separate. Following the two Acts of Union, Parliament can restrict the effect of its laws to part of the realm, and generally the effect of laws, where restricted, was originally applied to one or more of the former kingdoms.{{clarify|date=October 2018}} Thus, most laws applicable to England also applied to Wales. However, Parliament now passes laws applicable to Wales and not to England (and vice versa), a practice which was rare before the middle of the 20th century. Examples are the [[Welsh language|Welsh Language]] Acts [[Welsh Language Act 1967|1967]] and [[Welsh Language Act 1993|1993]] and the [[Government of Wales Act 1998]]. Measures and [[Act of Senedd Cymru|Acts of the Senedd]] apply in Wales, but not in England.


===1950s===
Following the Government of Wales Act, effective since May 2007, the [[Senedd]] can legislate on matters devolved to it. Following a [[2011 Welsh devolution referendum|referendum on 3 March 2011]], the Senedd gained direct law-making powers, without the need to consult Westminster. This was the first time in almost 500 years that Wales had its own powers to legislate. Each piece of [[Welsh law|Welsh legislation]] is known as an [[Act of Senedd Cymru]].
Their fortunes changed on the 1953 Ashes tour as they won the series 1–0. England did not lose a series between their 1950–51 and 1958–59 tours of Australia and secured famous victory in [[English cricket team in Australia in 1954–55|1954–55]] under the captaincy of [[Len Hutton]], thanks to [[Frank Tyson]] whose 6/85 at Sydney and 7/27 at Melbourne are remembered as the fastest bowling ever seen in Australia. The 1956 series was remembered for the bowling of [[Jim Laker]] who took 46 wickets at an average of 9.62, including figures of 19/90 at [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]]. After drawing to South Africa, England defeated the West Indies and New Zealand comfortably.


The England team then left for Australia in the 1958–59 season with a team that had been hailed as the strongest ever to leave on an Ashes tour but lost the series 4–0 as [[Richie Benaud]]'s revitalised Australians were too strong, with England struggling with the bat throughout the series.
===Company registration===
{{Main|Companies House}}


On 24 August 1959, England inflicted its only 5–0 whitewash over [[India national cricket team|India]]. All out for 194 at The Oval, India lost the last test by an innings. England's batsman [[Ken Barrington]] and [[Colin Cowdrey]] both had an excellent series with the bat, with Barrington scoring 357 runs across the series and Cowdrey scoring 344.
For a [[company]] to be [[Incorporation (business)|incorporated]] in the United Kingdom, its application for registration with [[Companies House]] must state "whether the company's registered office is to be situated in England and Wales (or in Wales), in Scotland or in Northern Ireland",<ref>Subsection 9(2) of the Companies Act 2006</ref> which will determine the law applicable to that business entity. A registered office must be specified as "in Wales" if the company wishes to use a name ending ''cyfyngedig'' or ''cyf'', rather than ''Limited'' or ''Ltd.'' or to avail itself of certain other privileges relating to the official use of the Welsh language.


===1960s===
==Other bodies==
The early and middle 1960s were poor periods for English cricket. Despite England's strength on paper, Australia held the Ashes and the West Indies dominated England in the early part of the decade. May stood down as captain in 1961 following the 1961 Ashes defeat.
Outside the legal system, the position is mixed. Some organisations combine as "England and Wales", others are separate.
* In sports, [[cricket]] has a [[England cricket team|combined international team]] (simply called "England") administered by the [[England and Wales Cricket Board]], who also govern the sport across both nations, and [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club]] participates in the English and Welsh [[county cricket]] system. In [[association football|football]], [[rugby union]], [[rugby league]], the [[Commonwealth Games]] and other sports have separate national representative teams for each country. A few [[Association football in Wales|Welsh association football clubs]], most notably [[Cardiff City F.C.]] and [[Swansea City A.F.C.]], play in the [[English football league system]], while [[The New Saints F.C.]], which represents places on both sides of the border, plays in the [[Welsh football league system]]. The [[Anglo-Welsh Cup]] was a rugby union competition contested by [[Welsh regional rugby|Welsh regions]] and [[Premiership Rugby|English Premiership]] clubs between 1971 and 2018.
* Some religious denominations organise on the basis of England and Wales, most notably the [[Catholic Church in England and Wales|Roman Catholic Church]], but also small denominations, e.g. the [[Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England and Wales|Evangelical Presbyterian Church]]. Prior to the [[Disestablishmentarianism|disestablishment]] of the [[Church in Wales]] in 1920, the [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] church in Britain operated under the jurisdiction of the [[Church of England]] throughout Wales and England.
* The [[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|Electoral Commission]] maintains a register of political parties, organised according to where the party operates (either ''England'', ''Wales'' or ''England and Wales''). The [[Green Party of England and Wales]] stands candidates only in English and Welsh constituencies; separate Green parties exist [[Scottish Greens|in Scotland]] and [[Green Party Northern Ireland|in Northern Ireland]].
* Some professional bodies represent England and Wales, for example the [[Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales]], the [[General Council of the Bar]], [[The Law Society]], the [[National Farmers Union (England and Wales)|National Farmers Union]] and the [[Police Federation of England and Wales]].
* Other examples include the [[Canal & River Trust]], the [[Charity Commission]], the [[General Register Office for England and Wales]], [[His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services]], [[HM Land Registry]], [[His Majesty's Prison Service]], [[Mountain rescue in England and Wales|Mountain Rescue England and Wales]], the [[Worshipful Company of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales|Worshipful Company of Chartered Accountants]] and the [[Youth Hostels Association (England & Wales)|Youth Hostels Association]].


[[Ted Dexter]] succeeded him as captain but England continued to suffer indifferent results. In 1961–62, they beat Pakistan, but also lost to India. The following year saw England and Australia tie the 1962–63 Ashes series 1–1, meaning Australia retained the urn. Despite beating New Zealand 3–0, England went on to lose to the West Indies, and again failed in the 1964 Ashes, losing the home series 1–0, which marked the end of Dexter's captaincy.
==Order of precedence==
The [[order of precedence in England and Wales]] is distinct from those of Northern Ireland and [[order of precedence in Scotland|Scotland]], and from [[Commonwealth realm]]s.


However, from 1968 to 1971 they played 27 consecutive Test matches without defeat, winning 9 and drawing 18 (including the abandoned Test at Melbourne in 1970–71). The sequence began when they drew with Australia at Lord's in the Second Test of the [[Australian cricket team in England in 1968|1968 Ashes series]] and ended in 1971 when [[Indian cricket team in England in 1971|India]] won the Third Test at The Oval by four wickets. They played 13 Tests with only one defeat immediately beforehand and so played a total of 40 consecutive Tests with only one defeat, dating from their innings victory over the West Indies at The Oval in 1966. During this period they beat New Zealand, India, the West Indies, and Pakistan, and under [[Ray Illingworth]]'s leadership, regained [[The Ashes]] from Australia in 1970–71.
==National parks==
 
The [[national park]]s of [[National parks of the United Kingdom#National parks in England|England]] and [[national parks of Wales|Wales]] have a distinctive legislative framework and history.
===1970s===
The 1970s, for the England team, can be largely split into three parts. Early in the decade, Illingworth's side dominated world cricket, winning the Ashes away in 1971 and then retaining them at home in 1972. The same side beat Pakistan at home in 1971 and played by far the better cricket against India that season. However, England were largely helped by the rain to sneak the Pakistan series 1–0 but the same rain saved India twice and one England collapse saw them lose to India. This was, however, one of (if not the) strongest England team ever with the likes of Illingworth, [[Geoffrey Boycott]], [[John Edrich]], [[Basil D'Oliveira]], [[Dennis Amiss]], [[Alan Knott]], [[John Snow (cricketer)|John Snow]] and [[Derek Underwood]] at its core.
 
The mid-1970s were more turbulent. Illingworth and several others had refused to tour India in 1972–73 which led to a clamour for Illingworth's job by the end of that summer&nbsp;– England had just been beaten 2–0 by a flamboyant West Indies side&nbsp;– with several England players well over 35. [[Mike Denness]] was the surprising choice but only lasted 18 months; his results against poor opposition were good, but England were badly exposed as ageing and lacking in good fast bowling against the 1974–75 Australians, losing that series 4–1 to lose the Ashes.
 
Denness was replaced in 1975 by [[Tony Greig]]. While he managed to avoid losing to Australia, his side were largely thrashed the following year by the young and very much upcoming West Indies for whom Greig's infamous "grovel" remark acted as motivation. Greig's finest hour was probably the 1976–77 win over India in India. When Greig was discovered as being instrumental in World Series Cricket, he was sacked, and replaced by [[Mike Brearley]].
 
Brearley's side showed again the hyperbole that is often spoken when one side dominates in cricket. While his side of 1977–80 contained some young players who went on to become England greats, most notably future captains [[Ian Botham]], [[David Gower]] and [[Graham Gooch]], their opponents were often very much weakened by the absence of their World Series players, especially in 1978, when England beat New Zealand 3–0 and Pakistan 2–0 before thrashing what was effectively Australia's 2nd XI 5–1 in 1978–79.
 
===1980s===
The England team, with Brearley's exit in 1980, was never truly settled throughout the 1980s, which will probably be remembered as a low point for the team. While some of the great players like Botham, Gooch and Gower had fine careers, the team seldom succeeded in beating good opposition throughout the decade and did not score a home Test victory (except against minnows Sri Lanka) between September 1985 and July 1990.
 
Botham took over the captaincy in 1980 and they put up a good fight against the West Indies, losing a five match Test series 1–0, although England were humbled in the return series. After scoring a pair in the first Test against Australia, Botham lost the captaincy due to his poor form, and was replaced by Brearley. Botham returned to form and played exceptionally in the remainder of the series, being named man of the match in the third, fourth and fifth Tests. The series became known as Botham's Ashes as England recorded a 3–1 victory.
 
[[Keith Fletcher]] took over as captain in 1981, but England lost his first series in charge against India. [[Bob Willis]] took over as captain in 1982 and enjoyed victories over India and Pakistan, but lost the Ashes after Australia clinched the series 2–1. England hosted the World Cup in 1983 and reached the semi-finals, but their Test form remained poor, as they suffered defeats against New Zealand, Pakistan and the West Indies.
 
Gower took over as skipper in 1984 and led the team to a 2–1 victory over India. They went on to win the 1985 Ashes 3–1, although after this came a poor run of form. Defeat to the West Indies dented the team's confidence, and they went on to lose to India 2–0. In 1986, [[Micky Stewart]] was appointed the first full-time England coach. England beat New Zealand, but there was little hope of them retaining the Ashes in 1986–87. However, despite being described as a team that 'can't bat, can't bowl and can't field', they went on to win the series 2–1.
 
After losing consecutive series against Pakistan, England drew a three match Test series against New Zealand 0–0. They reached the final of the 1987 World Cup, but lost by seven runs against Australia. After losing 4–0 to the West Indies, England lost the Ashes to a resurgent Australia led by Allan Border. With the likes of Gooch banned following a rebel tour to South Africa, a new look England side suffered defeat again against the West Indies, although this time by a margin of 2–1.
 
===1990s===
If the 1980s were a low point for English Test cricket, then the 1990s were only a slight improvement. The arrival of Gooch as captain in 1990 forced a move toward more professionalism and especially fitness though it took some time for old habits to die. Even in 2011, one or two successful county players have been shown up as physically unfit for international cricket. Creditable performances against India and New Zealand in 1990 were followed by a hard-fought draw against the 1991 West Indies and a strong performance in the [[1992 Cricket World Cup]] in which the England team finished as runners-up for the second consecutive World Cup, but landmark losses against Australia in 1990–91 and especially Pakistan in 1992 showed England up badly in terms of bowling. So bad was England's bowling in 1993 that [[Rod Marsh]] described England's pace attack at one point as "pie throwers". Having lost three of the first four Tests played in England in 1993, Gooch resigned to be replaced by [[Michael Atherton]].
 
More selectorial problems abounded during Atherton's reign as new chairman of selectors and coach Ray Illingworth (then into his 60s) assumed almost sole responsibility for the team off the field. The youth policy which had seen England emerge from the West Indies tour of 1993–94 with some credit (though losing to a seasoned Windies team) was abandoned and players such as Gatting and Gooch were persisted with when well into their 30s and 40s. England continued to do well at home against weaker opponents such as India, New Zealand and a West Indies side beginning to fade but struggled badly against improving sides like Pakistan and South Africa. Atherton had offered his resignation after losing the 1997 Ashes series 3–2 having been 1–0 up after two matches&nbsp;– eventually to resign one series later in early 1998. England, looking for talent, went through a whole raft of new players during this period, such as [[Ronnie Irani]], [[Adam Hollioake]], [[Craig White]], [[Graeme Hick]] and [[Mark Ramprakash]]. At this time, there were two main problems:
* The lack of a genuine all-rounder to bat at 6, Botham having left a huge gap in the batting order when he retired from Tests in 1992.
* [[Alec Stewart]], a sound wicket-keeper and an excellent player of quick bowling, could not open and keep wicket, hence his batting down the order, where he was often exposed to spin which he did not play as well.
 
Stewart took the reins as captain in 1998, but another losing Ashes series and early World Cup exit cost him Test and ODI captaincy in 1999. This should not detract from the 1998 home Test series where England showed great fortitude to beat a powerful South African side 2–1.
 
Another reason for their poor performances were the demands of [[County Championship|County Cricket]] teams on their players, meaning that England could rarely field a full-strength team on their tours. This eventually led to the [[England and Wales Cricket Board|ECB]] taking over from the MCC as the governing body of England and the implementation of central contracts. 1992 also saw Scotland sever ties with the England and Wales team, and begin to compete as the [[Scotland national cricket team|Scotland national team]].
 
By 1999, with coach David Lloyd resigning after the World Cup exit and new captain [[Nasser Hussain]] just appointed, England hit rock bottom (literally ranked as the lowest-rated Test nation) after losing 2–1 to New Zealand in shambolic fashion. Hussain was booed on the Oval balcony as the crowd jeered "We've got the worst team in the world" to the tune of "[[He's Got the Whole World in His Hands]]".
 
===2000s===
Central contracts were installed – reducing players workloads – and following the arrival of Zimbabwean coach [[Duncan Fletcher]], England thrashed the fallen West Indies [[West Indian cricket team in England in 2000|3–1]]. England's results in Asia improved that winter with series wins against both [[History of cricket in Pakistan from 2001#England 2000–01|Pakistan]] and [[English cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2000–01|Sri Lanka]]. Hussain's side had a far harder edge to it, avoiding the anticipated "Greenwash" in the [[Australian cricket team in England in 2001|2001 Ashes series]] against the all-powerful Australian team. The nucleus the side was slowly coming together as players such as Hussain himself, [[Graham Thorpe]], [[Darren Gough]] and [[Ashley Giles]] began to be regularly selected. By 2003 though, having endured [[English cricket team in Australia in 2002–03|another Ashes drubbing]] as well as another first-round exit from the [[2003 Cricket World Cup|World Cup]], Hussain resigned as captain after one Test against [[South African cricket team in England in 2003|South Africa]].
 
[[Michael Vaughan]] took over, with players encouraged to express themselves. England won five consecutive Test series prior to facing Australia in the [[2005 Ashes series]], [[International cricket in 2005#ICC Championship tables in May 2005|taking the team to second place]] in the [[ICC Test Championship]] table. During this period England defeated the West Indies [[West Indian cricket team in England in 2004|home]] and [[English cricket team in West Indies in 2003–04|away]], [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 2004|New Zealand]], and [[Bangladeshi cricket team in England in 2005|Bangladesh]] at home, and [[English cricket team in South Africa in 2004–05|South Africa]] in South Africa. In June 2005, England played its first ever [[Twenty20 International|T20 international match]], [[Australian cricket team in England in 2005#England v Australia (13 June)|defeating Australia by 100 runs]]. Later that year, England defeated Australia 2–1 in a thrilling series to regain the Ashes for the first time in 16 years, having lost them in 1989. Following the 2005 Ashes win, the team suffered from a spate of serious injuries to key players such as Vaughan, Giles, [[Andrew Flintoff]] and [[Simon Jones (cricketer)|Simon Jones]]. As a result, the team underwent an enforced period of transition. A [[English cricket team in Pakistan in 2005–06|2–0 defeat in Pakistan]] was followed by two drawn away series with [[English cricket team in India in 2005–06|India]] and [[Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 2006|Sri Lanka]].
 
In the [[Pakistani cricket team in England in 2006|home Test series victory against Pakistan]] in July and August 2006, several promising new players emerged. Most notable were the left-arm orthodox spin bowler [[Monty Panesar]], the first [[Sikh]] to play Test cricket for England, and left-handed opening batsman [[Alastair Cook]]. The [[2006–07 Ashes series]] was keenly anticipated and was expected to provide a level of competition comparable to the 2005 series. In the event, England, captained by Flintoff who was deputising for the injured Vaughan, lost all five Tests to concede the first Ashes whitewash in 86 years.
 
In the [[2007 Cricket World Cup]], England lost to most of the Test playing nations they faced, beating only the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] and [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]], although they also avoided defeat by any of the non-Test playing nations. Even so, the unimpressive nature of most of their victories in the tournament, combined with heavy defeats by New Zealand, Australia and South Africa, left many commentators criticising the manner in which the England team approached the one-day game. Coach Duncan Fletcher resigned after eight years in the job as a result and was succeeded by former [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] coach [[Peter Moores (cricketer)|Peter Moores]].
 
In 2007–08, England toured [[English cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2007–08|Sri Lanka]] and [[English cricket team in New Zealand in 2007–08|New Zealand]], losing the first series 1–0 and winning the second 2–1. These series were followed up at home in May 2008 with a [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 2008|2–0 home series win against New Zealand]], with the results easing pressure on Moores – who was not at ease with his team, particularly star batsman [[Kevin Pietersen]]. Pietersen succeeded Vaughan as captain in June 2008, after England had been well beaten by [[South African cricket team in England in 2008|South Africa at home]]. The poor relationship between the two came to a head on the [[English cricket team in India in 2008–09|2008–09 tour to India]]. England lost the series 1–0 and both men resigned their positions, although Pietersen remained a member of the England team. Moores was replaced as coach by Zimbabwean [[Andy Flower]]. Against this background, England toured the [[English cricket team in West Indies in 2008–09|West Indies]] under the captaincy of [[Andrew Strauss]] and, in a disappointing performance, lost the Test series 1–0.
 
The [[2009 Ashes series]] featured the first Test match played in Wales, at [[Sophia Gardens (cricket ground)|Sophia Gardens]], Cardiff. England drew the match thanks to a last-wicket stand by bowlers [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]] and Panesar. A victory for each team followed before the series was decided at The Oval. Thanks to fine bowling by [[Stuart Broad]] and [[Graeme Swann]] and a debut century by [[Jonathan Trott]], England regained the Ashes.
 
===2010s===
[[File:2019 World Cup winning England Cricket team with PM Theresa May.jpg|thumb|right|2019 World cup winning team with prime minister [[Theresa May]] ]]
After a drawn [[English cricket team in South Africa in 2009–10|Test series in South Africa]], England won their first ever ICC world championship, the [[2010 ICC World Twenty20|2010 World Twenty20]], with a seven-wicket win over Australia in Barbados. The following winter in the [[2010–11 Ashes series|2010–11 Ashes]], they beat Australia 3–1 to retain the urn and record their first series win in Australia for 24 years. Furthermore, all three of their wins were by an innings – the first time a touring side had ever recorded three innings victories in a single Test series. Cook earned Man of the Series with 766 runs.
 
England struggled to match their Test form in the [[2011 Cricket World Cup]]. Despite beating South Africa and tying with eventual winners India, England suffered shock losses to Ireland and Bangladesh before losing in the quarter-finals to Sri Lanka.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sri Lanka vs England, 4th quarter-final ICC World Cup 2011|url=http://iccworld-cup2011.blogspot.com/2011/03/4th-quarter-final-sri-lanka-vs-england.html|date=26 March 2011|access-date=26 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110818070122/http://iccworld-cup2011.blogspot.com/2011/03/4th-quarter-final-sri-lanka-vs-england.html|archive-date=18 August 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> However the team's excellent form in the Test match arena continued and on 13 August 2011, they became the world's top-ranked Test team after [[Indian cricket team in England in 2011|comfortably whitewashing India 4–0]], their sixth consecutive series victory and eighth in the past nine series. However, this status only lasted a year – having [[England cricket team against Pakistan in the UAE in 2011–12|lost 3–0 to Pakistan]] over the winter, England were [[South African cricket team in England in 2012|beaten 2–0 by South Africa]], who replaced them at the top of the rankings. It was their first home series loss since 2008, against the same opposition.
 
This loss saw the resignation of Strauss as captain (and his retirement from cricket). Cook, who was already in charge of the ODI side, replaced Strauss and led England to a [[English cricket team in India in 2012–13|2–1 victory in India]] – their first in the country since 1984–85. In doing so, he became the first captain to score centuries in his first five Tests as captain and became England's leading century-maker with 23 centuries to his name.
[[File:The England Cricket Team Ashes 2015.jpg|thumbnail|right|The England team celebrate victory over Australia in the [[2015 Ashes series]]]]
After finishing as runners-up in the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy|ICC Champions Trophy]], England faced Australia in back-to-back Ashes series. A [[2013 Ashes series|3–0 home win]] secured England the urn for the fourth time in five series. However, in [[2013–14 Ashes series|the return series]], they found themselves utterly demolished in a 5–0 defeat, their second Ashes whitewash in under a decade. Their misery was compounded by batsman Jonathan Trott leaving the tour early due to a stress-related illness and the mid-series retirement of spinner Graeme Swann. Following the tour, head coach Flower resigned his post while Pietersen was dropped indefinitely from the England team.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/cricket/26040475 |title=Kevin Pietersen: Batsman's England career over |publisher=BBC Sport |date=4 February 2014 |access-date=4 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606010906/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/cricket/26040475 |archive-date=6 June 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Flower was replaced by his predecessor, Moores, but he was sacked for a second time after a string of disappointing results including failing to advance from the group stage at the [[2015 Cricket World Cup|2015 World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/moores-leaves-role-england-head-coach |title=Archived copy |access-date=4 January 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105175138/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/moores-leaves-role-england-head-coach |archive-date=5 November 2015 }}</ref> He was replaced by Australian [[Trevor Bayliss]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/ecb-names-trevor-bayliss-englands-new-head-coach |title=Archived copy |access-date=4 January 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129101453/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/ecb-names-trevor-bayliss-englands-new-head-coach |archive-date=29 January 2016 }}</ref> who oversaw an upturn of form in the ODI side, including series victories against [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 2015#ODI series|New Zealand]] and [[English cricket team against Pakistan in the UAE in 2015–16#ODI series|Pakistan]]. In the Test arena, England reclaimed the Ashes [[2015 Ashes series|3–2]] in the summer of 2015.
 
England entered the [[2019 Cricket World Cup]] as favourites, having been ranked the number one ODI side by the ICC for over a year prior to the tournament.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48125031|title=Why England are favourites for the Cricket World Cup - and who might stop them|date=28 May 2019|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619203809/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48125031|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> However, shock defeats to Pakistan and Sri Lanka during the [[2019 Cricket World Cup group stage|group stage]] left them on the brink of elimination and needing to win their final two games against India and New Zealand to guarantee progression to the semi-finals.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48765744|title=England lose against Australia in Cricket World Cup as old habits return at the worst of times|date=25 June 2019|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626091817/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48765744|archive-date=26 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> This was achieved, putting their campaign back on track, and an eight-wicket victory over Australia in the semi-final at Edgbaston meant England were in their first World Cup final since 1992.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48870770|title=England reach Cricket World Cup final with thrashing of Australia|date=11 July 2019|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715043052/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48870770|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[2019 Cricket World Cup Final|final]] against New Zealand at Lord's has been described as one of the greatest and most dramatic matches in the history of cricket, with some calling it the "greatest ODI in history",<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=12249489|title=2019 Cricket World Cup final: England beat Black Caps in greatest ODI in history|last=Anderson|first=Niall|journal=The New Zealand Herald|date=14 July 2019|access-date=16 July 2019|issn=1170-0777|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715173614/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=12249489|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> as both the match and subsequent [[Super Over]] were tied, after England went into the final over of their innings 14 runs behind New Zealand's total. England won by virtue of having scored more boundaries throughout the match, securing their maiden World Cup title in their fourth final appearance.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48983890|title=England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic victory over New Zealand|date=14 July 2019|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715181544/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48983890|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8039/report/1144530/england-vs-new-zealand-final-icc-cricket-world-cup-2019|title=Epic final tied, Super Over tied, England win World Cup on boundary count|website=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715190820/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8039/report/1144530/england-vs-new-zealand-final-icc-cricket-world-cup-2019|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
===Recent results===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
| ||colspan="3" style="text-align:center"| '''HOME''' ||colspan="3" style="text-align:center"| '''AWAY'''
|-
!
! [[Test (cricket)|Test]]  <!--Home-->
! [[One Day International]] <!--Home-->
! [[Twenty20]]              <!--Home-->
! [[Test (cricket)|Test]]  <!--Away-->
! [[One Day International]] <!--Away-->
! [[Twenty20]]              <!--Away-->
|-
| Last match won
| [[Pakistani cricket team in England in 2020#3rd Test|3rd Test]] v [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] 2020
| [[Pakistani cricket team in England in 2021#1st ODI|3rd ODI]] v [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] 2021
| [[Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 2021#3rd T20I|3rd T20I]] v [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] 2021
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020-21#1st Test|1st Test]] v [[India national cricket team|India]] 2021
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020-21#2nd ODI|2nd ODI]] v [[India national cricket team|India]] 2021
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21#3rd T20I|3rd T20I]] v [[India national cricket team|India]] 2020–21
|-
| Last match lost
| [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 2021#2nd Test|2nd Test]] v [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]], 2021
| [[Australian cricket team in England in 2020|3rd ODI]] v [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] 2020
| [[Australian cricket team in England in 2020|3rd T20I]] v [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] 2020
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020-21#4th Test|4th Test]] v [[India national cricket team|India]] 2021
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020-21#3rd ODI|3rd ODI]] v [[India national cricket team|India]] 2021
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21#5th T20I|5th T20I]] v [[India national cricket team|India]] 2020–21
|-
| Last series won
| [[Pakistani cricket team in England in 2020#Test series|Pakistan 2020]]
| [[Pakistani cricket team in England in 2021#ODI series|Pakistan 2021]]
| [[Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 2021#T20I series|Sri Lanka 2021]]
| [[English cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2020–21#Test series|Sri Lanka 2020–21]]
| [[English cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2018–19#ODI series|Sri Lanka 2018–19]]
| [[English cricket team in South Africa in 2020–21#T20I series|South Africa 2020–21]]
|-
| Last series lost
| [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 2021#Test series|New Zealand 2021]]
| [[Australian cricket team in England in 2020|Australia 2020]]
| [[Indian cricket team in England in 2018##T20I Series|India 2018]]
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21#Test series|India 2020–21]]
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21#ODI series|India 2020–21]]
| [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21#T20I series|India 2020–21]]
|-
| –
|<!--tests, home--><small>''Source: [http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;home_or_away=1;orderby=start;orderbyad=reverse;size=10;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=results ESPNcricinfo.com]''. Last updated: 9 July 2021.</small>
|<!--odi, home--><small>''Source: [http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=2;filter=advanced;home_or_away=1;orderby=start;orderbyad=reverse;size=10;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=results ESPNcricinfo.com]''. Last updated: 9 July 2021.</small>
|<!--t20, home--><small>''Source: [http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=3;filter=advanced;home_or_away=1;orderby=start;orderbyad=reverse;size=10;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=results ESPNcricinfo.com]''. Last updated: 9 July 2021.</small>
|<!--tests, away--><small>''Source: [http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;home_or_away=2;home_or_away=3;orderby=start;orderbyad=reverse;size=10;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=results ESPNcricinfo.com]''. Last updated: 22 March 2021.</small>
|<!--odi, away--><small>''Source: [http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=2;filter=advanced;home_or_away=2;home_or_away=3;orderby=start;orderbyad=reverse;size=10;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=results ESPNcricinfo.com]''. Last updated: 1 April 2021.</small>
|<!--t20, away--><small>''Source: [http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=3;filter=advanced;home_or_away=2;home_or_away=3;orderby=start;orderbyad=reverse;size=10;team=1;template=results;type=team;view=results ESPNcricinfo.com]''. Last updated: 22 March 2021.</small>
|}
 
==Forthcoming fixtures==
As set out by the [[International Cricket Council|ICC]]'s Future Tours Programme, below is England's full international fixture list until the end of the 2021–22 international season.<ref name="ftp">{{Cite web |url=https://pulse-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/ICC/document/2018/06/20/c100c4a8-78ff-48a3-a687-7f424d5450e6/ICC_Tours.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=20 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327195950/https://pulse-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/ICC/document/2018/06/20/c100c4a8-78ff-48a3-a687-7f424d5450e6/ICC_Tours.pdf |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
'''Summer 2021'''
*August to September: [[Indian cricket team in England in 2021]] for five Tests
 
'''Winter 2021–22'''
*October: [[English cricket team in Pakistan in 2021–22]] for three T20Is
*October to November: [[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup]]
*November to January: [[English cricket team in Australia in 2021–22]] for five Tests ([[2021–22 Ashes series]])
*March: [[English cricket team in the West Indies in 2021–22]] for two Tests and three T20Is
<!--
'''Summer 2022'''
*May: [[English cricket team in The Netherlands in 2022]] for three ODIs{{efn|Matches originally due to be played in May 2021, but postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic}}
*June: [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 2022]] for three Tests
*July: [[Indian cricket team in England in 2022]] for three ODIs and three T20Is
*July to September: [[South African cricket team in England in 2022]] for three Tests, three ODIs and three T20Is
'''Winter 2022–23'''
*October to December: [[English cricket team against Pakistan in the UAE in 2022–23]] for three Tests and five ODIs
*October to November: [[2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup]]
*November: [[English cricket team in Australia in 2022–23]] for three ODIs and three T20Is
*March: [[English cricket team in Bangladesh in 2022–23]] for three ODIs and three T20Is{{efn|Matches originally due to be played in September 2022}}
'''Summer 2023'''
'''Winter 2022–23'''
*October to November: [[2023 Cricket World Cup]] in India
-->
 
==Governing body==
{{Main|England and Wales Cricket Board}}
The England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) is the governing body of English cricket and the England cricket team. The Board has been operating since 1 January 1997 and represents England on the [[International Cricket Council]]. The ECB is also responsible for the generation of income from the sale of tickets, sponsorship and broadcasting rights, primarily in relation to the England team. The ECB's income in the 2006 calendar year was £77&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://static.ecb.co.uk/files/ecb-annual-report-accounts-2006-group-financial-statements-1846.pdf |title=ECB Annual Report and Accounts 2006 |publisher=[[England and Wales Cricket Board]] |access-date=7 October 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927221616/http://static.ecb.co.uk/files/ecb-annual-report-accounts-2006-group-financial-statements-1846.pdf |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>
 
Prior to 1997, the [[Test and County Cricket Board]] (TCCB) was the governing body for the English team. Apart from in Test matches, when touring abroad, the England team officially played as [[Marylebone Cricket Club|MCC]] up to and including the 1976–77 tour of Australia, reflecting the time when MCC had been responsible for selecting the touring party. The last time the England touring team wore the bacon-and-egg colours of the MCC was on the 1996–97 tour of New Zealand.
 
===Status of Wales===
{{See also|Cricket in Wales|Wales national cricket team}}
Historically, the England team represented the whole of [[Great Britain]] in international cricket, with Scottish or [[Welsh national cricket team|Welsh national team]]s playing sporadically and players from both countries occasionally representing England. [[Cricket Scotland|Scotland]] became an independent member of the ICC in 1994, having severed links with the TCCB two years earlier.
 
Criticism has been made of the England and Wales Cricket Board using only the England name while utilising Welsh players<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ruscoe |first1=Sybil |title=England's Welshmen call for name change |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/2386685/Englands-Welshmen-call-for-name-change.html |website=Daily Telegraph |date=13 September 2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://criced.blogspot.com/ |title=Campaign for a truly National Welsh Cricket Team |access-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708032107/http://criced.blogspot.com/ |archive-date=8 July 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{better source needed|reason=This blog looks like both a primary source and user generated content|date=November 2019}} such as Simon and [[Geraint Jones]]. With Welsh players pursuing international careers exclusively with an England team, there have been a number of calls for Wales to become an independent member of the ICC, or for the ECB to provide more fixtures for a Welsh national team.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/should-wales-international-cricket-team-6233035|title=Should Wales have its own international cricket team, ask Assembly Members|date=23 October 2013|website=Wales Online|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093255/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/should-wales-international-cricket-team-6233035|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=13 January 2014}}</ref> However, both [[Cricket Wales]] and [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club]] have continually supported the ECB, with Glamorgan arguing for the financial benefits of the Welsh county within the English structure, and Cricket Wales stating they are "committed to continuing to play a major role within the ECB"<ref>{{cite web|title=Clearing the Boundaries|url=http://www.cricketwales.org.uk/uploads/news/Clearing%20the%20Boundaries_FINAL_spreads.pdf|website=Cricket Wales|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103223746/http://www.cricketwales.org.uk/uploads/news/Clearing%20the%20Boundaries_FINAL_spreads.pdf|archive-date=3 January 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Glamorgan chief executive says Wales cricket team makes 'no sense' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/44487411 |agency=BBC |date=14 June 2018 |access-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131130523/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/44487411 |archive-date=31 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Glamorgan oppose petition to form a Wales cricket team |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/16136233 |agency=BBC |date=12 December 2011 |access-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114204611/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/16136233 |archive-date=14 November 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
The absence of a Welsh cricket team has seen a number of debates within the [[National Assembly for Wales|Welsh Senedd]]. In 2013 a debate saw both [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] and [[Welsh Labour Party|Labour]] members lend their support to the establishment of an independent Welsh team.<ref>{{cite news |title=Establishment of a Welsh Cricket Team |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/wales-24613204 |newspaper=BBC Democracy Live |date=23 October 2013 |access-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114204700/http://www.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/wales-24613204 |archive-date=14 November 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
In 2015, a report produced by the [[National Assembly for Wales|Welsh National Assembly's]] petitions committee, reflected the passionate debate around the issue. [[Bethan Sayed|Bethan Jenkins]], [[Plaid Cymru]]'s spokesperson on heritage, culture, sport and broadcasting, and a member of the petitions committee, argued that Wales should have its own international team and withdraw from the ECB. Jenkins noted that Ireland (with a population of 6.4&nbsp;million) was an ICC member with 6,000 club players whereas Wales (with 3&nbsp;million) had 7,500. Jenkins said: "Cricket Wales and Glamorgan CCC say the idea of a Welsh national cricket team is 'an emotive subject', of course having a national team is emotive, you only have to look at the stands during any national game to see that. To suggest this as anything other than natural is a bit of a misleading argument."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/ams-query-possibility-welsh-national-5698082|title=A Welsh national cricket team? AMs will have their say on the possibility this autumn|last=Shipton|first=Martin|website=walesonline|access-date=21 March 2016|date=12 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071637/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/ams-query-possibility-welsh-national-5698082|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/fresh-debate-whether-its-time-8837007|title=Welsh national cricket team should be set up says Rhun ap Iorwerth|last=Wyn-Williams|first=Gareth|website=northwales|access-date=21 March 2016|date=14 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208141322/http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/fresh-debate-whether-its-time-8837007|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jonathanedwards.org.uk/towards-a-national-future-for-welsh-cricket|title=Jonathan EdwardsTowards a National Future for Welsh Cricket|access-date=21 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045747/http://www.jonathanedwards.org.uk/towards-a-national-future-for-welsh-cricket|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/should-wales-international-cricket-team-6233035 |title=Should Wales have its own international cricket team, ask Assembly Members |last=Shipton |first=Martin |website=Wales Online |access-date=21 March 2016 |date=23 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093255/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/should-wales-international-cricket-team-6233035 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/britain/21656717-campaign-national-cricket-team-bat-and-daffodil|title=The bat and the daffodil|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=21 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/call-wales-cricket-team-2151211|title=Call for Wales to have its own cricket team|last=Williamson|first=David|website=Wales Online|access-date=21 March 2016|date=7 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203838/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/call-wales-cricket-team-2151211|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
In 2017, the [[First Minister of Wales]], [[Carwyn Jones]] called for the reintroduction of the Welsh one-day team stating: "[It] is odd that we see Ireland and Scotland playing in international tournaments and not Wales."<ref>{{cite news |title=Wales cricket team should play one-day games, Carwyn Jones says |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-40497534 |agency=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=4 July 2017 |access-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129024732/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-40497534 |archive-date=29 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Williamson |first1=David |title=Carwyn Jones says Wales should have a one-day international Welsh cricket team |url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/politics/carwyn-jones-says-wales-should-13283819 |publisher=Wales Online |date=5 July 2017 |access-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106171557/https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/politics/carwyn-jones-says-wales-should-13283819 |archive-date=6 November 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
==Team colours==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-left:1em;float:right"
|-
!Period
!Kit manufacturer
!Shirt sponsor
|-
|1994–1996
|
|rowspan=2|[[Tetley's Brewery|Tetley Bitter]]
|-
|1996–1998
|rowspan=2|[[ASICS]]
|-
|1998–2000
|rowspan=3|[[Vodafone]]
|-
|2000–2008
|[[Admiral (sportswear)|Admiral]]
|-
|2008–2010
|rowspan="3"|[[Adidas]]
|-
|2010–2014
|[[Brit Insurance]]
|-
|2014–2017
|[[Waitrose]]
|-
|2017–2021
|rowspan=2|[[New Balance]]
|[[NatWest]]
|-
|2021–
|Cinch
|}
 
On February 2021, England and Wales Cricket Board announced that England's Principal partner [[NatWest]] has been replaced by Cinch, an online used car marketplace.<ref>{{cite web|title=ECB unveils Cinch as new Principal Partner|url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/2024471|work=England and Wales Cricket Board|access-date=29 May 2021}}</ref>
England's kit is manufactured by [[New Balance]], who replaced previous manufacturer [[Adidas]] in April 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Balance announced as Official Kit Supplier|url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/361438|publisher=England and Wales Cricket Board|access-date=7 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405105613/https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/361438|archive-date=5 April 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
When playing Test cricket, England's [[Cricket clothing and equipment|cricket whites]] feature the three lions badge on the left of the shirt and the name and logo of the sponsor [[NatWest]] on the right. English fielders may wear a navy blue cap or white sun hat with the ECB logo in the middle. Helmets are also coloured navy blue. Before 1997 the uniform sported the TCCB lion and stumps logo on the uniforms, while the helmets, jumpers and hats had the three lions emblem.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/qa-the-sinister-aspect-of-golf-1590548.html |title=QA: The sinister aspect of golf |work=The Independent |access-date=30 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214072002/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/qa-the-sinister-aspect-of-golf-1590548.html |archive-date=14 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
In [[limited overs cricket]], England's ODI and Twenty20 shirts feature the NatWest logo across the centre, with the three lions badge on the left of the shirt and the New Balance logo on the right. In ODIs, the kit comprises a blue shirt with navy trousers, whilst the Twenty20 kit comprises a flame red shirt and navy trousers. In [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] limited-overs tournaments, a modified kit design is used with sponsor's logo moving to the sleeve and 'ENGLAND' printed across the front.
 
Over the years, England's ODI kit has cycled between various shades of blue (such as a pale blue used until the mid-1990s, when it was replaced in favour of a bright blue)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.icc-cricket.com/cricket-world-cup/news/2015/features-and-specials/85251/classic-world-cup-kits-1996.html |title=Classic World Cup Kits 1996 |access-date=5 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703222200/http://www.icc-cricket.com/cricket-world-cup/news/2015/features-and-specials/85251/classic-world-cup-kits-1996.html |archive-date=3 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.icc-cricket.com/cricket-world-cup/news/2015/features-and-specials/85289/classic-world-cup-kits-1999.html |title=Classic World Cup Kits 1999 |access-date=5 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619193705/http://www.icc-cricket.com/cricket-world-cup/news/2015/features-and-specials/85289/classic-world-cup-kits-1999.html |archive-date=19 June 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> with the occasional all-red kit.<ref>{{cite news|title=England's ODI kits down the years|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2017/05/03/englands-odi-kits-years-ranked-rated/|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=5 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007121216/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2017/05/03/englands-odi-kits-years-ranked-rated/|archive-date=7 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
In April 2017, ECB brought back traditional cable-knit sweater for test matches under new supplier New Balance.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-04-04|title=All hail the return of cricket's traditional cable-knit sweater|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2017/04/04/hail-return-crickets-traditional-cable-knit-sweater/|access-date=2021-08-17|issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
 
==International grounds==
{{Main|List of international men's cricket grounds in England and Wales}}
{{location map+|England|float=right|width=290|caption=Locations of current international cricket grounds in England and Wales|places=
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Bristol County Ground|Bristol]]</small>|position=right|lat=51.477225|long=-2.584156}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[County Ground, Taunton|Taunton]]</small>|position=left|lat=51.019|long=-3.1008}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]]</small>|position=left|lat=52.455814|long=-1.902489}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Headingley Cricket Ground|Headingley]]</small>|position=right|lat=53.816353|long=-1.582172}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[The Oval]]</small>|position=right|lat=51.483719|long=-0.114981}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Lord's]]</small>|position=left|lat=51.5294|long=-0.1727}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]]</small>|position=left|lat=53.456347|long=-2.286761}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Riverside Ground|Riverside]]</small>|position=right|lat=54.849644|long=-1.560706}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Sophia Gardens (cricket ground)|Sophia Gardens]]</small>|position=left|lat=51.487222|long=-3.191389}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|Rose Bowl]]</small>|position=bottom|lat=50.924|long=-1.3219}}
{{location map~|England|label=<small>[[Trent Bridge]]</small>|position=right|lat=52.936954|long=-1.132108}}
}}
 
''Listed chronologically in order of first match and include neutral fixtures such as World Cup and Champions Trophy games''
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Venue !! City !! County team !! Capacity !! Years used !! Test !! ODI !! T20I
|-
!colspan="8"| Current venues
|-
| [[The Oval]] || London || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] || 26,000 || 1880– || 102 || 74 || 16
|-
| [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]] || Manchester || [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] || 26,000 || 1884– || 82 || 55 || 10
|-
| [[Lord's]] || London || [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] || 28,000 || 1884– || 140 || 67 || 10
|-
| [[Trent Bridge]] || Nottingham || [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] || 17,500 || 1899– || 63 || 49 || 12
|-
| [[Headingley Cricket Ground|Headingley]] || Leeds || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] || 17,500 || 1899– || 78 || 45 || 1
|-
| [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]] || Birmingham || [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] || 25,000 || 1902– || 53 || 64 || 5
|-
| [[Riverside Ground]] || Chester-le-Street || [[Durham County Cricket Club|Durham]] || 19,000 || 1999– || 6 || 20 || 3
|-
| [[Sophia Gardens (cricket ground)|Sophia Gardens]] || Cardiff || [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club|Glamorgan]] || 15,500 || 1999– || 3 || 29 || 8
|-
| [[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|Rose Bowl]] || Southampton || [[Hampshire County Cricket Club|Hampshire]] || 25,000 || 2003– || 7 || 31 || 9
|-
| [[County Ground, Taunton|County Ground]] || Taunton || [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] || 12,500 || 1983– || — || 6 || 1
|-
| [[Bristol County Ground|County Ground]] || Bristol || [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club|Gloucestershire]] || 17,500 || 1983– || — || 19 || 3
|-
!colspan="8"| Former venues
|-
| [[Bramall Lane]] || Sheffield || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] || 32,000 || 1902 || 1 || — || —
|-
| [[St. Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground|St. Helen's]] || Swansea || [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club|Glamorgan]] || 4,500 || 1973–1983 || — || 2 || —
|-
| [[North Marine Road Ground, Scarborough|North Marine Road Ground]] || Scarborough || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] || 11,500 || 1976–1978 || — || 2 || —
|-
| [[Grace Road]] || Leicester || [[Leicestershire County Cricket Club|Leicestershire]] || 12,000 || 1983–1999 || — || 3 || —
|-
| [[New Road, Worcester|New Road]] || Worcester || [[Worcestershire County Cricket Club|Worcestershire]] || 5,500 || 1983–1999 || — || 3 || —
|-
| [[County Ground, Southampton|County Ground]] || Southampton || [[Hampshire County Cricket Club|Hampshire]] || 7,000 || 1983–1999 || — || 3 || —
|-
| [[County Cricket Ground, Derby|County Ground]] || Derby || [[Derbyshire County Cricket Club|Derbyshire]] || 9,500 || 1983–1999 || — || 2 || —
|-
| [[Nevill Ground]] || Tunbridge Wells || [[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]] || 6,000 || 1983 || — || 1 || —
|-
| [[County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford|County Ground]] || Chelmsford || [[Essex County Cricket Club|Essex]] || 6,500 || 1983–1999 || — || 3 || —
|-
| [[St Lawrence Ground]] || Canterbury || [[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]] || 15,000 || 1999–2005 || — || 4 || —
|-
| [[County Cricket Ground, Northampton|County Ground]] || Northampton || [[Northamptonshire County Cricket Club|Northamptonshire]] || 6,500 || 1999|| — || 2 || —
|-
|colspan="8"| As of 18 July 2021<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.howstat.com/cricket/Statistics/Grounds/GroundList.asp|title=List of cricket grounds in England and Wales|access-date=19 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624175225/http://www.howstat.com/cricket/Statistics/Grounds/GroundList.asp|archive-date=24 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
 
==Tournament history==
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+'''Key'''
|style="background:gold" width="20"|
|align="left"| '''Champions'''
|-
|style="background:silver" width="20"|
|align="left"| '''Runners-up'''
|-
|style="background:#cc9966" width="20"|
|align="left"| '''Third place'''
|-
|style="background:lemonchiffon" width="20"|
|align="left"| '''Fourth place'''
|}
 
{{legend2||''Indicates tournaments played within England''|border=2px solid red}}
 
===Cricket World Cup===
{{main|England at the Cricket World Cup}}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=9|[[Cricket World Cup|World Cup]] record
|-
! width=200 |Year
! width=150 |Round
! width=50 |Position
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|GP|Games played}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|W|Matches won}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|L|Matches lost}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|T|Matches tied}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|NR|No result}}
! width=50 |Win %
|- style="background:#cc9966"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[1975 Cricket World Cup|1975]]||Semi-final||3/8||4||3||1||0||0||75.00
|- style="background:silver"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[1979 Cricket World Cup|1979]]||Runners-up||2/8||5||4||1||0||0||80.00
|- style="background:#cc9966"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[1983 Cricket World Cup|1983]]||Semi-final||3/8||7||5||2||0||0||71.43
|- style="background:silver"
|{{flagicon|IND}} {{flagicon|PAK}} [[1987 Cricket World Cup|1987]]||rowspan=2|Runners-up||2/8||8||5||3||0||0||62.50
|- style="background:silver"
|{{flagicon|AUS}} {{flagicon|NZL}} [[1992 Cricket World Cup|1992]]||2/9||10||6||3||0||1||60.00
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} {{flagicon|PAK}} {{flagicon|SRI}} [[1996 Cricket World Cup|1996]]||Quarter-final||rowspan=2|8/12||6||2||4||0||0||33.33
|-
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} {{flagicon|WAL}} [[1999 Cricket World Cup|1999]]||Pool stage||5||3||2||0||0||60.00
|-
|{{flagicon|RSA}} {{flagicon|ZIM}} {{flagicon|KEN}} [[2003 Cricket World Cup|2003]]||Pool stage||9/14||6||3||3||0||0||50.00
|-
|{{flagicon|WIN}} [[2007 Cricket World Cup|2007]]||Super 8||5/16||9||5||4||0||0||55.55
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} {{flagicon|SRI}} {{flagicon|BAN}} [[2011 Cricket World Cup|2011]]||Quarter-final||7/14||7||3||3||1||0||42.86
|-
|{{flagicon|AUS}} {{flagicon|NZL}} [[2015 Cricket World Cup|2015]]||Pool stage||10/14||6||2||4||0||0||33.33
|- style="background:gold"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} {{flagicon|WAL}} [[2019 Cricket World Cup|2019]]||'''Champions'''||1/10||11||8||3||0||0||68.18
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[2023 Cricket World Cup|2023]]|| colspan='9'|''Yet to qualify''
|-
!Total||1 title||12/12||84||49||33||1||1||58.33
|}
 
:''*The win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.''
 
===ICC T20 World Cup===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=9|[[ICC T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]] record
|-
! width=200 |Year
! width=150 |Round
! width=50 |Position
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|GP|Games Played}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|W|Matches Won}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|L|Matches Lost}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|T|Matches Tied}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|NR|No Result}}
! width=50 |Win %
|-
|{{flagicon|RSA}} [[2007 ICC World Twenty20|2007]]||rowspan=2|Super 8||7/12||5||1||4||0||0||20.00
|-
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[2009 ICC World Twenty20|2009]]||6/12||5||2||3||0||0||40.00
|- style="background:Gold"
|{{flagicon|WIN}} [[2010 ICC World Twenty20|2010]]||'''Champions'''||1/12||7||5||1||0||1||71.42
|-
|{{flagicon|SRI}} [[2012 ICC World Twenty20|2012]]||Super 8||6/12||5||2||3||0||0||40.00
|-
|{{flagicon|BAN}} [[2014 ICC World Twenty20|2014]]||Super 10||7/16||4||1||3||0||0||25.00
|- style="background:silver"
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[2016 ICC World Twenty20|2016]]||Runners-up||2/16||6||4||2||0||0||66.67
|-
|{{flagicon|UAE}} {{flagicon|Oman}} [[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup|2021]]||''Qualified''|| || || || || || ||
|-
|{{flagicon|AUS}} [[2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup|2022]]||''Qualified''|| || || || || || ||
|-
! |Total||1 title||6/6||32||15||16||0||1||46.87
|}
 
:''*The win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.''
 
===ICC Champions Trophy===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=9|[[ICC Champions Trophy|Champions Trophy]] record
|-
! width=200 |Year
! width=150 |Round
! width=50 |Position
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|GP|Games played}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|W|Matches won}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|L|Matches lost}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|T|Matches tied}}
! width=50 |{{Tooltip|NR|No result}}
! width=50 |Win %
|-
|{{flagicon|BAN}} [[1998 ICC KnockOut Trophy|1998]]||rowspan=2|Quarter-final||5/9||1||0||1||0||0||0.00
|-
|{{flagicon|KEN}} [[2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy|2000]]||7/11||1||0||1||0||0||0.00
|-
|{{flagicon|SRI}} [[2002 ICC Champions Trophy|2002]]||Pool stage||6/12||2||1||1||0||0||50.00
|- style="background:silver"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[2004 ICC Champions Trophy|2004]]||Runners-up||2/12||4||3||1||0||0||75.00
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[2006 ICC Champions Trophy|2006]]||Pool stage||7/10||3||1||2||0||0||33.33
|- style="background:LemonChiffon"
|{{flagicon|RSA}} [[2009 ICC Champions Trophy|2009]]||Semi-final||4/8||4||2||2||0||0||50.00
|- style="background:silver"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy|2013]]||Runners-up||2/8||5||3||2||0||0||60.00
|- style="background:#cc9966"
|style="border:2px solid red"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[2017 ICC Champions Trophy|2017]]||Semi-final||3/8||4||3||1||0||0||75.00
|-
!Total||0 titles||8/8||24||13||11||0||0||54.17
|}
 
:''*The win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.''
 
===Honours===
*[[ICC T20 World Cup]] (1): [[2010 World Twenty20|2010]]
*[[Cricket World Cup]] (1): [[2019 Cricket World Cup|2019]]
 
==Records==
{{main|England cricket team record by opponent}}
 
===Test matches===
{{Main|List of England Test cricket records}}
 
====Test team records====
*Highest team total: '''903–7 dec.''' v. [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] at [[The Oval]] in 1938
*Lowest team total: '''45''' v. Australia at [[Sydney Cricket Ground|Sydney]] in 1886/87
*England are the only team in the history of Test cricket to have secured 100 victories by an innings
 
====Test individual records====
*Most matches: '''164 Tests'''&nbsp;– [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]<ref>{{citation |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/england/engine/records/individual/most_matches_career.html?class=1;id=1;type=team |title=Most Test matches playing for England |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222090717/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/england/engine/records/individual/most_matches_career.html?class=1%3Bid%3D1%3Btype%3Dteam |archive-date=22 December 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*Longest-serving captain: '''59 Tests'''&nbsp;– [[Alastair Cook]]
 
====Test batting records====
*Most runs: '''12,472'''&nbsp;– Alastair Cook<ref>{{citation|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;team=1;template=results;type=batting|title=Most Runs for England|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=14 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222090016/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1%3Bteam%3D1%3Btemplate%3Dresults%3Btype%3Dbatting|archive-date=22 December 2011|url-status=live}} Retrieved on 26 January 2016.</ref>
*Best average: '''60.73'''&nbsp;– [[Herbert Sutcliffe]]<ref>{{citation|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/highest_career_batting_average.html?class=1;id=1;type=team|title=Highest Batting Averages|publisher=cricinfo.com|access-date=13 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116193617/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/highest_career_batting_average.html?class=1;id=1;type=team|archive-date=16 November 2017|url-status=live}} Retrieved on 13 February 2019.</ref>
*Highest individual score: '''364'''&nbsp;– [[Len Hutton]] v. Australia at [[The Oval]] in 1938
*Record partnership: '''411'''&nbsp;– [[Colin Cowdrey]] and [[Peter May (cricketer)|Peter May]] v. [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] at [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]] in 1957
*Most centuries: '''33'''&nbsp;– Alastair Cook
*Most Double centuries: '''7'''&nbsp;– [[Wally Hammond]]
*England's most prolific opening partnership was [[Jack Hobbs]] and Herbert Sutcliffe. In 38 innings, they averaged 87.81 for the first wicket, with 15 century partnerships and 10 others of 50 or more
*Most ducks: '''38'''&nbsp;– [[Stuart Broad]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/england/engine/records/batting/most_ducks_career.html?class=1;id=1;type=team |title=Most ducks for England |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=14 June 2021}}</ref>
 
====Test bowling records====
*Most wickets: '''626'''&nbsp;– James Anderson
*Best average: '''10.75'''&nbsp;– [[George Lohmann]]
*Best innings bowling: '''10/53'''&nbsp;– [[Jim Laker]] v. Australia at Old Trafford in 1956
*Best match bowling: '''19/90'''&nbsp;– Jim Laker v. Australia at Old Trafford in 1956
*Best [[strike rate]]: '''34.1'''&nbsp;– George Lohmann
*Best economy rate: '''1.31'''&nbsp;– [[William Attewell]]
*Five England bowlers have taken four wickets in an over, three of these at Headingley. They were [[Maurice Allom]] v. New Zealand at Christchurch in 1929–30, [[Kenneth Cranston]] v. South Africa at Headingley in 1947, [[Fred Titmus]] v. New Zealand at Headingley in 1965, [[Chris Old]] v. Pakistan at Edgbaston in 1978 and [[Andy Caddick]] v. West Indies at Headingley in 2000
 
====Test fielding records====
*Most catches by an outfielder: '''175'''&nbsp;– Alastair Cook
*Most dismissals as wicketkeeper: '''269'''&nbsp;– [[Alan Knott]]
*Most dismissals in an innings: '''7'''&nbsp;– [[Bob Taylor (cricketer)|Bob Taylor]] v. [[India national cricket team|India]] at [[Wankhede Stadium|Bombay]] in 1979/80
*Most dismissals in a match: '''11'''&nbsp;– [[Jack Russell (cricketer and artist)|Jack Russell]] v. [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] at [[Wanderers Stadium|Johannesburg]] in 1995/96
 
====Test record versus other nations====
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:600px"
|-
! Opponent !! M !! W !! L !! T !! D !! % Win !! First win
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|AUS}} || 351 || 110 || 146 || 0 || 95 || 31.33 || 4 April 1877
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|RSA}} || 153 || 64 || 34 || 0 || 55 || 41.83 || 13 March 1889
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|WIN}} || 160 || 51 || 58 || 0 || 51 || 31.87 || 26 June 1928
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|NZL}} || 107 || 48 || 12 || 0 || 46 || 44.85 || 13 January 1930
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|IND}} || 128 || 48 || 30 || 0 || 50 || 37.50 || 28 June 1932
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|PAK}} || 86 || 26 || 21 || 0 || 39 || 30.23 || 5 July 1954
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|SRI}} || 36 || 17 || 8 || 0 || 11 || 47.22 || 21 February 1982
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|ZIM}} || 6 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 50.00 || 21 May 2000
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|IRE}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 26 July 2019
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|BAN}} || 10 || 9 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 90.00 || 25 October 2003
|-
|colspan="8"| ''Records complete to Test #2429. Last updated: 18 August 2021.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?class=1;id=1;type=team|title=Records / England / Test matches / Result summary|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=14 June 2021}}</ref>
|}
 
===One Day Internationals===
{{Main|List of England One Day International cricket records}}
 
====ODI team records====
*Highest team total: '''481/6''' (50 overs) v. [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] at [[Trent Bridge]] in 2018
*Lowest team total: '''86''' (32.4 overs) v. [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] at Old Trafford in 2001
 
====ODI individual records====
*Most matches: '''221'''&nbsp;– [[Eoin Morgan]]
*Longest-serving captain: '''122 matches'''&nbsp;– Eoin Morgan<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/individual/most_matches_as_captain.html?class=2;id=1;type=team|title=Records / England / One-Day Internationals / Most matches as captain|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=14 September 2020}}</ref>
 
====ODI batting records====
*Most runs: '''6,882'''&nbsp;– Eoin Morgan
*Best average: '''51.25'''&nbsp;–[[Jonathan Trott]] <!--[[Joe Root]]-->
*Best strike rate: '''118.66'''&nbsp;– [[Jos Buttler]]
*Highest individual score: '''180'''&nbsp;– [[Jason Roy]] v. Australia at [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]] in 2018
*Record partnership: '''256*'''&nbsp;– [[Alex Hales]] and Jason Roy v. [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] at [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]] in 2016
*Most centuries: '''16'''&nbsp;– Joe Root
*Most ducks: '''13'''&nbsp;– [[Marcus Trescothick]], [[Alec Stewart]], Eoin Morgan and Jos Buttler
 
====ODI bowling records====
*Most wickets: '''269'''&nbsp;– [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]
*Best average: '''19.45'''&nbsp;– [[Mike Hendrick]]
*Best bowling: '''6/31'''&nbsp;– Paul Collingwood v. [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]] at Trent Bridge in 2005
*Best strike rate: '''32.7'''&nbsp;– [[Andrew Flintoff]]
*Best economy rate: '''3.27'''&nbsp;– Mike Hendrick
 
====ODI fielding records====
*Most catches by an outfielder: '''108'''&nbsp;– Paul Collingwood
*Most dismissals as wicketkeeper: '''213'''&nbsp;– Jos Buttler
*Most dismissals in a match: '''6'''&nbsp;– Alec Stewart v. [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]] at Old Trafford in 2000; [[Matt Prior]] v. [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] at Trent Bridge in 2008; Jos Buttler v. South Africa at The Oval in 2013
 
====ODI record versus other nations====
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:600px"
|-
! Opponent !! M !! W !! L !! T !! NR !! % Win !! First win
|-
|colspan="16" style="text-align:center"| '''v. Test nations'''
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|AFG}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 13 March 2015
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|AUS}} || 152 || 63 || 84 || 2 || 3 || 42.95 || 24 August 1972
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|BAN}} || 21 || 17 || 4 || 0 || 0 || 80.95 || 5 October 2000
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|IND}} || 103 || 43 || 55 || 2 || 3 || 44 || 13 July 1974
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|IRE}} || 13 || 10 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 83.33 || 13 June 2006
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|NZL}} || 91 || 41 || 43 || 3 || 4 || 48.83 || 18 July 1973
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|PAK}} || 91 || 56 || 32 || 0 || 3 || 63.63 || 23 December 1977
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|RSA}} || 63 || 28 || 30 || 1 || 4 || 48.30 || 12 March 1992
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|SRI}} || 76 || 37 || 36 || 1 || 2 || 50.67 || 13 February 1982
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|WIN}} || 102 || 52 || 44 || 0 || 6 || 54.16 || 5 September 1973
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|ZIM}} || 30 || 21 || 8 || 0 || 1 || 72.41 || 7 January 1995
|-
|colspan="16" style="text-align:center"| '''v. Associate Members'''
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|CAN}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 13 June 1979
|-
|align="left"| {{flagicon}} [[East Africa cricket team|East Africa]] || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 14 June 1975
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|KEN}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 18 May 1999
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|NAM}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 19 February 2003
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|NED}} || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 22 February 1996
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|SCO}} || 5 || 3 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 75.00 || 19 June 2010
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|UAE}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 18 February 1996
|-
|colspan="8"| ''Records complete to ODI #4303. Last updated 13 July 2021. Win percentages exclude no-results and count ties as half a win.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/england/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?class=2;id=1;type=team|title=Records / England / ODI matches / Result summary|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=16 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827022251/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/england/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?class=2;id=1;type=team|archive-date=16 September 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
 
===T20 Internationals===
{{Main|List of England Twenty20 International cricket records}}
Where applicable, a minimum of 10 innings batted or 100 balls bowled applies.
Figures include games up to 26 June 2021.
 
====T20I team records====
*Highest team total: '''241/3''' v. [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] at [[McLean Park]] in 2019
*Lowest team total: '''80''' v. [[India national cricket team|India]] at [[R. Premadasa Stadium|Colombo (RPS)]] in 2012
 
====T20I individual records====
*Most matches: '''106'''&nbsp;– [[Eoin Morgan]]
*Longest-serving captain: '''63 matches'''&nbsp;– Eoin Morgan
 
====T20I batting records====
*Most runs: '''2,339'''&nbsp;– Eoin Morgan
*Best average: '''43.68'''&nbsp;– [[Dawid Malan]]
*Best strike rate: '''144.18'''&nbsp;– [[Jason Roy]]
*Highest individual score: '''116*'''&nbsp;– [[Alex Hales]] v. [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] at [[Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium|Chittagong]] in 2014
*Record partnership: '''182'''&nbsp;– Dawid Malan and Eoin Morgan v. [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] at [[McLean Park]] in 2019
*Most centuries: '''1'''&nbsp;– Alex Hales, Dawid Malan, [[Liam Livingstone]]
*Most ducks: '''9'''&nbsp;– [[Luke Wright]]
 
====T20I bowling records====
*Most wickets: '''73'''&nbsp;– [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]]
*Best average: '''16.84'''&nbsp;– [[Graeme Swann]]
*Best bowling: '''4/6'''&nbsp;– Chris Jordan v. West Indies at [[Warner Park Sporting Complex|St. Kitts and Nevis]] in 2019
*Best strike rate: '''13.8'''&nbsp;– [[Paul Collingwood]]
*Best economy rate: '''6.36'''&nbsp;– Graeme Swann
 
====T20I fielding records====
*Most catches by an outfielder: '''43'''&nbsp;– Eoin Morgan
*Most dismissals as wicketkeeper: '''41'''&nbsp;– [[Jos Buttler]]
*Most dismissals in an innings: '''4'''&nbsp;– [[Matt Prior]] v. South Africa at [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Cape Town]] in 2007
 
====T20I record versus other nations====
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:600px"
|-
! Opponent !! M !! W !! L !! T+W !! T+L !! NR !! % Win !! First win
|-
|colspan="16" style="text-align:center"| '''v. Test nations'''
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|AFG}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 21 September 2012
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|AUS}} || 19 || 8 || 10 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 44.44 || 13 June 2005
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|IND}} || 19 || 9 || 10 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 47.36 || 14 June 2009
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|IRE}} || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || – ||
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|NZL}} || 21 || 12 || 7 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 62.50 || 5 February 2008
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|PAK}} || 20 || 12 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 65.78 || 7 June 2009
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|RSA}} || 21 || 11 || 9 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 55.00 || 13 November 2009
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|SRI}} || 12 || 8 || 4 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 66.66 || 13 May 2010
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|WIN}} || 18 || 7 || 11 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 38.88 || 29 June 2007
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|ZIM}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00 || 13 September 2007
|-
|colspan="16" style="text-align:center"| '''v. Associate Members'''
|-
|align="left"| {{cr|NED}} || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0.00 ||
|-
|colspan="9"| ''Records complete to T20I #1193, 18 July 2021. T+W and T+L indicate matches tied and then won or lost in a tiebreaker (such as a Super Over). Win percentages exclude no-results and count ties (irrespective of tiebreakers) as half a win.''<ref>{{Cite web|title=England Cricket Team Records & Stats {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?class=3&id=1&type=team|access-date=2021-05-13|website=Cricinfo}}</ref>
|}
 
===Most England appearances===
{{Main|List of England Test cricketers|List of England ODI cricketers|List of England Twenty20 International cricketers}}
 
These lists show the ten players (or those tied for 10th) with the most appearances for England in each form of the game. The lists are correct up to matches starting on 12 August 2021.
 
* '''†''' = players who are available for selection and have represented England in the format during the past 12 months.
 
{|
|style="vertical-align:top"|
{| class="wikitable" style="width:275px;margin:1em auto 1em auto"
|-
!colspan="2"| Most Test caps
|-
| '''164''' || [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]†
|-
| '''161''' || [[Alastair Cook]]
|-
| '''149''' || [[Stuart Broad]]†
|-
| '''133''' || [[Alec Stewart]]
|-
| rowspan=2|'''118''' || [[Ian Bell]]
|-
| [[Graham Gooch]]
|-
| '''117''' || [[David Gower]]
|-
| '''115''' || [[Mike Atherton]]
|-
| '''114''' || [[Colin Cowdrey]]
|-
| '''108''' || [[Geoffrey Boycott]]<!--Root will equal this with his next appearance-->
|}
|style="vertical-align:top"|
{| class="wikitable" style="width:275px;margin:1em auto 1em auto"
|-
!colspan="2"| Most ODI caps
|-
| '''221''' || [[Eoin Morgan]]†
|-
| '''197''' || [[Paul Collingwood]]
|-
| '''194''' || [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]
|-
| '''170''' || [[Alec Stewart]]
|-
| '''161''' || [[Ian Bell]]
|-
| '''158''' || [[Darren Gough]]
|-
| '''150''' || [[Joe Root]]†
|-
| '''148''' || [[Jos Buttler]]†
|-
| '''138''' || [[Andrew Flintoff]]
|-
| '''134''' || [[Kevin Pietersen]]
|}
|style="vertical-align:top"|
{| class="wikitable" style="width:275px;margin:1em auto 1em auto"
|-
!colspan="2"| Most T20I caps
|-
| '''106''' || [[Eoin Morgan]]†
|-
| '''81''' || [[Jos Buttler]]†
|-
| '''64''' || [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]]†
|-
| rowspan=2|'''61''' || [[Adil Rashid]]†
|-
| [[Alex Hales]]
|-
| rowspan=2| '''56''' || [[Jonny Bairstow]]†
|-
| [[Stuart Broad]]
|-
| '''51''' || [[Luke Wright]]
|-
| '''47''' || [[Jason Roy]]†
|-
| '''39''' || [[Graeme Swann]]<!--Ali 37 as of July 21-->
|}
|}
 
==Squad==
This lists all the active players who have played for England in the past year (since 18 August 2020) and the forms in which they have played, and any players (in italics) outside this criteria who have been selected in the team's most recent squad or have some form of central contract.
 
The ECB offers a number of central contracts in September each year to England players whom the selectors think will form the core of the team. Players can now gain contracts for Test and limited-overs (white-ball) cricket and in some cases both.<ref name="Central Contracts">{{cite web |url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/111456 |title=Test and White Ball central contracts offered by England |publisher=ECB |access-date=29 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005192451/https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/111456 |archive-date=5 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Other players who play enough games during the year can gain Incremental contracts, and there are also Pace bowler development contracts for promising fast bowlers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saqib Mahmood, Craig Overton, Olly Stone given ECB pace-bowling development contracts|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/28590890/saqib-mahmood-craig-overton-olly-stone-given-ecb-pace-bowling-development-contracts|access-date=2020-09-30|website=www.espncricinfo.com|language=en}}</ref>
 
'''Key'''
*S/N = Shirt number
*C/T = Contract type (Test / White-ball / Incremental / Pace )
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Name
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Age
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Batting style
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Bowling style
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Domestic team
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| C/T<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/england/men/news/1848675/ecb-announces-england-men-s-central-contracts-for-2020-21-season |title=ECB announces England Men's Central Contracts for 2020/21 season |publisher=ECB |access-date=30 September 2020}}</ref>
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Forms<!--NOTE: This refers to the forms they've played for England in the past year, not over their whole England career-->
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| S/N<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england/content/story/209588.html |title=ESPN Cricinfo – England ODI/Twenty Shirt Numbers |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 August 2013 |date=18 May 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601075617/http://www.espncricinfo.com/england/content/story/209588.html |archive-date=1 June 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Captaincy
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Last Test
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Last ODI
!style="text-align:center;background:skyblue;color:#000060"| Last T20I
|-
!colspan="12"| Batsmen
|-
| [[Tom Banton]] || {{age|1998|11|11}} || Right-handed || – || [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] ||align="center"| – || T20I ||align="center"| 98 || || – || {{cricon|IRE}} 2020 || {{cricon|AUS}} 2020
|-
| [[Rory Burns]] || {{age|1990|8|26}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| T || Test ||align="center"| 27 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Zak Crawley]] || {{age|1998|2|3}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || [[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]] ||align="center"| T || Test, ODI ||align="center"| 56 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || –
|-
| [[Joe Denly]] || {{age|1986|3|16}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg spin]] || [[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]] ||align="center"| – || T20I ||align="center"| 24 || || {{cricon|WIN}} 2020 || {{cricon|SA}} 2020 || {{cricon|AUS}} 2020
|-
| ''[[Ben Duckett]]'' || {{age|1994|10|17}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ||align="center"| – || ''ODI'' ||align="center"| 45 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2016 || {{cricon|BAN}} 2016 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2019
|-
| [[Haseeb Hameed]] || {{age|1997|1|17}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg spin]] || [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ||align="center"| – || Test ||align="center"| 97 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Dan Lawrence]] || {{age|1997|7|12}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || [[Essex County Cricket Club|Essex]] ||align="center"| – || Test, ''ODI'' ||align="center"| 68 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Liam Livingstone]] || {{age|1993|8|4}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg spin]]/[[off break]] || [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ||align="center"| – || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 23 || || – || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Dawid Malan]] || {{age|1987|9|3}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[leg spin]] || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] ||align="center"| I || ''Test'',ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 29 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2018 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Eoin Morgan]] || {{age|1986|9|10}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] ||align="center"| W || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 16 || ODI and T20I (C) || {{cricon|PAK}} 2012 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Ollie Pope]] || {{age|1998|1|2}} || Right-handed || – || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| T || Test ||align="center"| 80 || || {{cricon|NZ}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Joe Root]] || {{age|1990|12|30}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]]/[[leg spin]] || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] ||align="center"| T/W || Test, ODI ||align="center"| 66 || Test (C) || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2019
|-
| [[Jason Roy]] || {{age|1990|7|21}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| W || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 20 || || {{cricon|AUS}} 2019 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Phil Salt (cricketer)|Phil Salt]] || {{age|1996|8|28}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] ||align="center"| – || ODI ||align="center"| 61 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || –
|-
| [[Dominic Sibley]] || {{age|1995|9|5}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] ||align="center"| T || Test ||align="center"| 52 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[James Vince]] || {{age|1991|3|14}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || [[Hampshire County Cricket Club|Hampshire]] ||align="center"| – || ODI ||align="center"| 14 || || {{cricon|NZ}} 2018 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || {{cricon|NZL}} 2019
|-
!colspan="12"| Wicket-keepers
|-
| [[Jonny Bairstow]] || {{age|1989|9|26}} || Right-handed || – || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] ||align="center"| W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 51 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Sam Billings]] || {{age|1991|6|15}} || Right-handed || – || [[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]] ||align="center"| – || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 7 || || – || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|SRI}} 2021
|-
| [[James Bracey]] || {{age|1997|5|3}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club|Gloucestershire]] ||align="center"| – || Test ||align="center"| 90 || || {{cricon|NZ}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Jos Buttler]] || {{age|1990|9|8}} || Right-handed || – || [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ||align="center"| T/W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 63 || ODI and T20I (VC) || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Ben Foakes]] || {{age|1993|2|15}} || Right-handed || – || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| – || Test ||align="center"| 50 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|IRE}} 2019 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2019
|-
| [[John Simpson (English cricketer)|John Simpson]] || {{age|1988|7|13}} || Left-handed || – || [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] ||align="center"| – || ODI ||align="center"| 36 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || –
|-
!colspan="12"| All-rounders
|-
| [[Moeen Ali]] || {{age|1987|6|18}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || [[Worcestershire County Cricket Club|Worcestershire]] ||align="center"| W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 18 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Sam Curran]] || {{age|1998|6|3}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| T || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 58 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|SRI}} 2021
|-
| [[Lewis Gregory]] || {{age|1992|5|24}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] ||align="center"| – || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 31 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| ''[[Will Jacks]]'' || {{age|1998|11|21}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| – || ''ODI'' ||align="center"| 85 || || – || – || –
|-
| [[Ben Stokes]] || {{age|1991|6|4}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Durham County Cricket Club|Durham]] ||align="center"| T/W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 55 || Test (VC) || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || {{cricon|IND}} 2021
|-
| [[David Willey (cricketer)|David Willey]] || {{age|1990|2|28}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] ||align="center"| – || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 15 || || – || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Chris Woakes]] || {{age|1989|3|2}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] ||align="center"| T/W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 19 || || {{cricon|PAK}} 2020 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|SRI}} 2021
|-
!colspan="12"| Pace bowlers
|-
| [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]] || {{age|1982|7|30}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ||align="center"| T || Test ||align="center"| 9 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|Afghanistan}} 2015 || {{cricon|RSA}} 2009
|-
| [[Jofra Archer]] || {{age|1995|4|1}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast]]|| [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] ||align="center"| T/W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 22 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|AUS}} 2020 || {{cricon|IND}} 2021
|-
| ''[[Jake Ball (cricketer)|Jake Ball]]'' || {{age|1991|3|14}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]]|| [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ||align="center"| – || ''ODI'', ''T20I'' ||align="center"| 28 || || {{cricon|AUS}} 2017 || {{cricon|AUS}} 2018 || {{cricon|IND}} 2018
|-
| [[Stuart Broad]] || {{age|1986|6|24}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ||align="center"| T || Test ||align="center"| 8 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|RSA}} 2016 || {{cricon|NED}} 2014
|-
| [[Brydon Carse]] || {{age|1995|7|31}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Durham County Cricket Club|Durham]] ||align="center"| – || ODI ||align="center"| 92 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || –
|-
| [[Tom Curran (cricketer)|Tom Curran]] || {{age|1995|3|12}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| W || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 59 || || {{cricon|AUS}} 2018 || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| ''[[Tom Helm (cricketer)|Tom Helm]]'' || {{age|1994|5|7}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] ||align="center"| – || ''ODI'' ||align="center"| 46 || || – || – || –
|-
| [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] || {{age|1988|10|4}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] ||align="center"| I || T20I ||align="center"| 34 || || {{cricon|West Indies}} 2015 || {{cricon|SA}} 2020 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Saqib Mahmood (cricketer, born 1997)|Saqib Mahmood]] || {{age|1997|2|25}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast]] || [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ||align="center"| P || ''Test'',ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 25 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Craig Overton]] || {{age|1994|4|10}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] ||align="center"| P || ''Test'', ODI ||align="center"| 32 || || {{cricon|AUS}} 2019 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || –
|-
| ''[[David Payne (cricketer)|David Payne]]'' || {{age|1991|2|15}} || Right-handed || Left-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club|Gloucestershire]] ||align="center"| – || ''ODI'' ||align="center"| 88 || || – || – || –
|-
| [[Ollie Robinson (cricketer, born 1993)|Ollie Robinson]] || {{age|1993|12|1}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] || align=center| - || Test || align=center| 57 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Olly Stone]] || {{age|1993|10|9}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast]] || [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] ||align="center"| P || Test ||align="center"| 26 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SRI}} 2018 || –
|-
| [[Reece Topley]] || {{age|1994|2|21}} || Right-handed || Left-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]] || [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] ||align="center"| – || ODI ||align="center"| 38 || || – || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SA}} 2016
|-
| [[Mark Wood (cricketer)|Mark Wood]] || {{age|1990|1|11}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast]] || [[Durham County Cricket Club|Durham]] ||align="center"| W || Test, ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 33 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|SRI}} 2021
|-
!colspan="12"| Spin bowlers
|-
| [[Dom Bess]] || {{age|1997|7|22}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]]|| [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] ||align="center"| I || Test ||align="center"| 47 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| ''[[Danny Briggs]]'' || {{age|1991|4|30}} || Right-handed || [[Left arm orthodox spin|Slow left-arm orthodox]]|| [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] ||align="center"| – || ''ODI'' ||align="center"| 54 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2012 || {{cricon|AUS}} 2014
|-
| [[Jack Leach]] || {{age|1991|6|22}} || Left-handed || [[Left arm orthodox spin|Slow left-arm orthodox]]|| [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] ||align="center"| I || Test ||align="center"| 77 || || {{cricon|IND}} 2021 || – || –
|-
| [[Matt Parkinson (cricketer)|Matt Parkinson]] || {{age|1996|10|24}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg spin]] || [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ||align="center"| – || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 70 || || – || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|-
| [[Adil Rashid]] || {{age|1988|2|17}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg spin]] || [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] ||align="center"| W || ODI, T20I ||align="center"| 95 || || {{cricon|WIN}} 2019 || {{cricon|SL}} 2021 || {{cricon|PAK}} 2021
|}
 
==Coaching staff==
* Managing director : [[Ashley Giles]]
* Head coach : [[Chris Silverwood]]
* Assistant coaches : [[Graham Thorpe]], [[Paul Collingwood]]
* Batting coach : [[Marcus Trescothick]]
* Pace bowling coach : [[Jon Lewis (cricketer, born 1975)|Jon Lewis]]
* Spin bowling coach : [[Jeetan Patel]]
* Fielding coach : [[Carl Hopkinson]]
* Wicketkeeping coach : [[James Foster (cricketer, born 1980)|James Foster]]
 
==England Men's Cricketer of the Year==
At the start of each season the ECB presents the England Men's Cricketer of the Year award to "recognise outstanding performances in all formats of international cricket over the past year",<ref name="ecb2014award">{{cite web|title=England Cricketer of Year Awards 2013–2014 |url=http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/england-cricketer-year-awards-2013-2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308185429/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/england-cricketer-year-awards-2013-2014 |archive-date=8 March 2016 }}</ref> voted on by members of the cricket media.<ref name="guard2015">{{cite news|title=Joe Root and Charlotte Edwards named England cricketers of the year|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/may/18/joe-root-charlotte-edwards-england-cricketer-of-year|work=The Guardian|access-date=14 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006210407/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/may/18/joe-root-charlotte-edwards-england-cricketer-of-year|archive-date=6 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
The previous winners of this award are:
*2006/07: [[Andrew Flintoff]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/england/4752515.stm|title=Flintoff & Brunt win annual award|date=8 May 2006|access-date=8 September 2018|via=news.bbc.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202538/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/england/4752515.stm|archive-date=8 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2007/08: [[Ian Bell]]
*2008/09: [[Kevin Pietersen]]
*2009/10: [[Graeme Swann]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/england/8700841.stm|title=Swann named cricketer of the year|date=24 May 2010|access-date=8 September 2018|via=news.bbc.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202557/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/england/8700841.stm|archive-date=8 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2010/11: [[Jonathan Trott]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/cricket/news/12173/6961402/ecb-award-for-trott|title=ECB award for Trott|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908203832/http://www.skysports.com/cricket/news/12173/6961402/ecb-award-for-trott|archive-date=8 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2011/12: [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.womenscricket.net/2ecb-12.htm|title=ECB announces winners of England Cricketer of Year Awards for 2011–12|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009235257/http://www.womenscricket.net/2ecb-12.htm|archive-date=9 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2012/13: [[Matt Prior]]<ref>[http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/ecb-announces-cricketers-year ECB announces Cricketers of the Year] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108015649/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/ecb-announces-cricketers-year |date=8 January 2016 }}</ref>
*2013/14: [[Ian Bell]]<ref name="ecb2014award"/>
*2014/15: [[Joe Root]]<ref>[http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/root-and-edwards-scoop-england-awards Root and Edwards scoop England awards] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128052953/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/root-and-edwards-scoop-england-awards |date=28 January 2016 }}</ref>
*2015/16: [[Joe Root]]<ref>[http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/root-shrubsole-flynn-and-lawrence-honoured-leeds Root, Shrubsole, Flynn and Lawrence honoured in Leeds] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517123941/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/root-shrubsole-flynn-and-lawrence-honoured-leeds |date=17 May 2016 }}</ref>
 
==Eligibility of players==
The England cricket team represents England and Wales. However, under [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] regulations,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://icc-live.s3.amazonaws.com/cms/media/about_docs/523af0cd4a1db-Player%20Eligibility%20Rules%20-%20effective%2018%20September%202013.pdf|title=The International Cricket Council Player Eligibility Regulations|date=18 September 2013|access-date=22 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721114235/http://icc-live.s3.amazonaws.com/cms/media/about_docs/523af0cd4a1db-Player%20Eligibility%20Rules%20-%20effective%2018%20September%202013.pdf|archive-date=21 July 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> players can qualify to play for a country by nationality, place of birth or residence, so (as with any national sports team) some people are eligible to play for more than one team. [[England and Wales Cricket Board|ECB]] regulations<ref>https://pulse-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/ecb/document/2018/03/18/3c8ad1be-06f8-468a-86a3-96e20f2fe00b/FCC_KSL_RegistrationRegs_2018.pdf</ref> state that to play for England, a player must be a [[British citizenship|British citizen]], and have either been born in England or Wales, or have lived in England or Wales for three years. This has led to players who also held other nationalities becoming eligible to play for England. The qualification period for those born outside England and Wales has varied in the past, but in November 2018 the ECB announced that the period would be reduced to three years in all circumstances, in line with ICC regulations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/25407156/jofra-archer-play-england-world-cup-ecb-amend-eligibility-rules|title=Jofra Archer could play for England at World Cup after ECB amend eligibility rules|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 November 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129160629/http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/25407156/jofra-archer-play-england-world-cup-ecb-amend-eligibility-rules|archive-date=29 November 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Of the current squad (see above), [[Jason Roy]] was born to British parents in South Africa so had to fulfil residency requirements. In addition, [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]], [[Ben Stokes]] and Tom Curran have British citizenship, having lived in England since their youth, while [[Eoin Morgan]] also holds Irish citizenship. Curran's younger brother, Sam, was born in the UK, so did not have to undergo a qualification period. Jofra Archer, though born in Barbados to a Barbadian mother, qualifies through his English father.
 
ICC regulations also allow cricketers who represent [[List of International Cricket Council members#Top Associate/Affiliate Members|associate]] (i.e. non-Test-playing) nations to switch to a Test-playing nation, provided nationality requirements are fulfilled. In recent years, this has seen Irish internationals [[Ed Joyce]], [[Boyd Rankin]] and Eoin Morgan switch to represent England, whilst [[Gavin Hamilton (cricketer)|Gavin Hamilton]] previously played for Scotland&nbsp;– though Joyce, Rankin and Hamilton were later able to re-qualify for and represent the countries of their birth.


==See also==
==See also==
{{portal bar|Cricket}}
* [[Courts of England and Wales]]
* [[List of England cricket captains]]
* [[Cultural relationship between the Welsh and the English]]
* [[List of England cricket team coaches]]
* [[Judiciary of England and Wales]]
* [[List of England Test cricketers]]
* [[Proposed Wales justice system]]
* [[List of England ODI cricketers]]
* [[List of England Twenty20 International cricketers]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
*{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Robert |title=The Welsh Criminal Justice System |date=2022 |publisher=University of Wales Press |isbn=978-1-78683-945-9 |language=en}}
{{Authority control}}


===Bibliography===
{{DEFAULTSORT:England And Wales}}
* {{cite book |last=Waghorn|first=H. T.|author-link=H. T. Waghorn |title=Cricket Scores, Notes, etc. (1730–1773) |year=1899 |publisher=Blackwood}}
[[Category:England and Wales| ]]
 
==External links==
* [http://www.ecb.co.uk/ England and Wales Cricket Board]
 
{{commons category|England national cricket team}}
{{England cricket team}}
{{Navboxes|
|titlestyle=background:#B0E0E6;color:#152A5E;
|list=
{{ICC Cricket World Cup winners}}
{{ICC World Twenty20 winners}}
{{National cricket teams}}
{{Cricket in England}}
{{International cricket tours of England}}
{{Cricket in the British Isles}}
{{national sports teams of England}}
{{national sports teams of Wales}}
}}
{{authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:England Cricket Team}}
[[Category:1877 establishments in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Cricket in England]]
[[Category:Cricket in Wales]]
[[Category:England and Wales]]
[[Category:England in international cricket|*]]
[[Category:National cricket teams]]
[[Category:Sports organisations of England]]
[[Category:Wales in international cricket]]
[[Category:Men's national sports teams of England|C]]
[[Category:Men's national sports teams of Wales|C]]

Latest revision as of 22:42, 25 February 2026


England and Wales
Cymru a Lloegr  (Welsh)
"England" (1746–1967)
Legal jurisdiction
Map of England and Wales in the United Kingdom
Map of England and Wales in the United Kingdom
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Formed1535–1542
Named forEngland and Wales
Government
 • BodyParliament of the United Kingdom
Area
[1]
 • LandFormatting error: invalid input when rounding sq mi (Template:UK subdivision area km2)
Population
 (Template:UK subdivision statistics year)[1]
 • TotalTemplate:UK subdivision population
Time zoneUTC+0 (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (BST)
GSS codeK04000001

England and Wales (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is one of the three legal jurisdictions of the United Kingdom. It covers the two constituent countries of England and Wales, and was formed by the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. The substantive law of the jurisdiction is English law.

The devolved Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) – previously named the National Assembly for Wales – was created in 1999 under the Government of Wales Act 1998 and provides a degree of self-government in Wales. The powers of the legislature were expanded by the Government of Wales Act 2006, which allows it to pass its own laws, and the Act also formally separated the Welsh Government from the Senedd. There is currently no equivalent body for England, which is directly governed by the parliament and government of the United Kingdom.

History of jurisdiction[edit | edit source]

The Roman province of Britannia in 410

During the Roman occupation of Britain, the area of present-day England and Wales was administered as a single unit, except for the land to the north of Hadrian's Wall – though the Roman-occupied area varied in extent, and for a time extended to the Antonine/Severan Wall. It is thought that at that time most of the native inhabitants of Roman Britain spoke Brythonic languages, but they were all regarded as Britons, divided into numerous tribes. After the conquest, the Romans administered this region as a single unit, the province of Britain.

Long after the departure of the Romans, the Britons in what became Wales developed their own system of law, first codified by Hywel Dda (Hywel the Good; reigned 942–950) when he was king of most of present-day Wales (compare King of Wales); in England Anglo-Saxon law was initially codified by Alfred the Great in his Legal Code, c. 893. However, after the Norman invasion of Wales in the 11th century, English law came to apply in the parts of Wales conquered by the Normans (the Welsh Marches). In 1283, the English, led by Edward I, with the biggest army brought together in England since the 11th century, conquered the remainder of Wales, then organised as the Principality of Wales. This was then united with the English crown by the Statute of Rhuddlan of 1284. This aimed to replace Welsh criminal law with English law.

Welsh law continued to be used for civil cases until the annexation of Wales to England in the 16th century by the Welsh House of Tudor. The Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 then consolidated the administration of all the Welsh territories and incorporated them fully into the legal system of the Kingdom of England.[2] This was in part to update outdated Welsh laws, but also to control Wales alongside England; through these acts, the Welsh could be seen as equals to the English.[3] This was reflected on both Henry VIII and Elizabeth I's coat of arms where the dragon represented Wales and the lion represented England.[4] When the Tudor dynasty ended with the death of Elizabeth I the red dragon of Wales was replaced with the unicorn of Scotland with the succession of King James I who demoted Wales' status on the coat of arms and on the first adaptation of the Flag of Great Britain.[5][6]

Prior to 1746, it was not clear whether a reference to "England" in legislation included Wales, and so in 1746, Parliament passed the Wales and Berwick Act 1746. This specified that in all prior and future laws, references to "England" would by default include Wales (and Berwick-upon-Tweed). The Wales and Berwick Act was repealed by the Welsh Language Act 1967, although the statutory definition of "England" created by that Act still applies for laws passed before 1967. In new legislation since then, what was referred to as "England" is now "England and Wales", while subsequent references to "England" and "Wales" refer to those political divisions.[citation needed]

Wales jurisdiction[edit | edit source]

Main articles: Proposed Wales criminal justice system and Welsh devolution

There have been multiple calls from both Welsh academics and politicians for a Wales criminal justice system.[7][8][9]

Law[edit | edit source]

The Royal Courts of Justice of England and Wales

England and Wales are treated as a single unit for some purposes, because the two form the constitutional successor to the former Kingdom of England. The continuance of Scots law was guaranteed under the 1706 Treaty of Union that led to the Acts of Union 1707, and as a consequence English law—and after 1801, Irish law—continued to be separate. Following the two Acts of Union, Parliament can restrict the effect of its laws to part of the realm, and generally the effect of laws, where restricted, was originally applied to one or more of the former kingdoms.[clarification needed] Thus, most laws applicable to England also applied to Wales. However, Parliament now passes laws applicable to Wales and not to England (and vice versa), a practice which was rare before the middle of the 20th century. Examples are the Welsh Language Acts 1967 and 1993 and the Government of Wales Act 1998. Measures and Acts of the Senedd apply in Wales, but not in England.

Following the Government of Wales Act, effective since May 2007, the Senedd can legislate on matters devolved to it. Following a referendum on 3 March 2011, the Senedd gained direct law-making powers, without the need to consult Westminster. This was the first time in almost 500 years that Wales had its own powers to legislate. Each piece of Welsh legislation is known as an Act of Senedd Cymru.

Company registration[edit | edit source]

Main article: Companies House

For a company to be incorporated in the United Kingdom, its application for registration with Companies House must state "whether the company's registered office is to be situated in England and Wales (or in Wales), in Scotland or in Northern Ireland",[10] which will determine the law applicable to that business entity. A registered office must be specified as "in Wales" if the company wishes to use a name ending cyfyngedig or cyf, rather than Limited or Ltd. or to avail itself of certain other privileges relating to the official use of the Welsh language.

Other bodies[edit | edit source]

Outside the legal system, the position is mixed. Some organisations combine as "England and Wales", others are separate.

Order of precedence[edit | edit source]

The order of precedence in England and Wales is distinct from those of Northern Ireland and Scotland, and from Commonwealth realms.

National parks[edit | edit source]

The national parks of England and Wales have a distinctive legislative framework and history.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Template:UK subdivision statistics citation
  2. ↑ Cannon, John (2009). A Dictionary of British History. Oxford University Press. p. 661. ISBN 978-0-19-955037-1. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
  3. ↑ Owen, Gwilym, et al. "The Acts of Union 1536–43—Not Quite the End of the Road for Welsh Law?" Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium, vol. 37, Department of Celtic Languages & Literatures, Harvard University, 2017, pp. 217–250, JSTOR 45048897.
  4. ↑ Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1909). "A Complete Guide to Heraldry". Project Gutenberg.
  5. ↑ Duffy, Jonathan (10 April 2006). "Union recognition". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020.
  6. ↑ "BBC News". BBC. 2021. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021.
  7. ↑ "Written Statement: Update on the development of the justice system and the legal sector in Wales (30 September 2021)". GOV.WALES. 30 September 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  8. ↑ "Plaid Cymru call for devolution of justice to Wales - 'we can't be treated as an appendage to England'". Nation.Cymru. 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  9. ↑ "Devolution a 'necessary step' towards a better Welsh criminal justice system, academics argue". Cardiff University. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  10. ↑ Subsection 9(2) of the Companies Act 2006

Further reading[edit | edit source]

  • Jones, Robert (2022). The Welsh Criminal Justice System. University of Wales Press. ISBN 978-1-78683-945-9.
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