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Law enforcement in India: Difference between revisions
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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} | |||
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2013}} | |||
{{short description|Overview of law enforcement in India}} | {{short description|Overview of law enforcement in India}} | ||
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|[[Royal Enfield Bullet|Royal Enfield 350/500]] | |[[Royal Enfield Bullet|Royal Enfield 350/500]] | ||
|India | |India | ||
|Used for patrolling and as intercepters, Acrobatic team, | |Used for patrolling and as intercepters, Acrobatic team, convoy motorcycle. | ||
|[[File:Enfield Bullet 350, Kathgodam, India.jpg|frameless|220x220px]] | |[[File:Enfield Bullet 350, Kathgodam, India.jpg|frameless|220x220px]] | ||
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{{Main|Police Mitra scheme}} | {{Main|Police Mitra scheme}} | ||
Informers (''mukhbir'') provide information for financial compensation. Police agencies budget for their ''mukhbir''s because they are "the eyes and ears of police", and help resolve cases. In 2012, the [[Delhi Police]] budgeted {{INR}} 40 lakh ({{INR}} 4 million) to pay their ''mukhbir'' ({{INR}} 2,000 per [[Inspector#India|inspector]]).<ref name=informer1>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/delhi-cops-seek-bigger-fund-to-pay-informers/story-QrL46CvgCdU29J4HmqmZqJ.html Delhi cops seek bigger fund to pay informers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119122659/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/delhi-cops-seek-bigger-fund-to-pay-informers/story-QrL46CvgCdU29J4HmqmZqJ.html |date=19 January 2019 }}, Hindustan Times, 16 May 2012.</ref> | Informers (''mukhbir'') provide information for financial compensation. Police agencies budget for their ''mukhbir''s because they are "the eyes and ears of police", and help resolve cases. In 2012, the [[Delhi Police]] budgeted {{INR}} 40 lakh ({{INR}} 4 million) to pay their ''mukhbir'' ({{INR}} 2,000 per [[Inspector#India|inspector]]).<ref name=informer1>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/delhi-cops-seek-bigger-fund-to-pay-informers/story-QrL46CvgCdU29J4HmqmZqJ.html Delhi cops seek bigger fund to pay informers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119122659/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/delhi-cops-seek-bigger-fund-to-pay-informers/story-QrL46CvgCdU29J4HmqmZqJ.html |date=19 January 2019 }}, Hindustan Times, 16 May 2012.</ref> | ||
==Public perception== | |||
In general, police in India lack public trust and are not viewed as legitimate authorities.<ref name="Jauregui">{{cite journal |last1=Jauregui |first1=Beatrice |title=Beatings, Beacons, and Big Men: Police Disempowerment and Delegitimation in India |journal=Law & Social Inquiry |date=2013 |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=643-69 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24545738 |access-date=17 July 2021}}</ref> People generally do not go to the police for help if given the choice, and often specifically take pains to avoid them.<ref name="Jauregui"/> Oftentimes, when people do go to the police, it is "only for instrumental purposes, such as obtaining a [[First Information Report]] (FIR) as documentary evidence to be used to achieve some end".<ref name="Jauregui"/> People expect the police be unhelpful at best, and corrupt or brutal "little tyrants" at worst.<ref name="Jauregui"/> Former [[Union Home Minister]] [[P. Chidambaram]] characterised the police constable as "the most reviled public servant in India."<ref name="Jauregui"/> Even police officers themselves often lack faith in the institution, as illustrated by an [[apocryphal story]] popular among officers where "a self-styled 'honest cop'" asks a group of fellow officers if they would trust their coworkers to take care of a family member in trouble — to which none of them said yes.<ref name="Jauregui"/> | |||
Scholars usually tend to attribute the police's poor reputation in India to two main factors.<ref name="Jauregui"/> First, the police as an institution in India was first developed by the British as an instrument of control.<ref name="Jauregui"/> The [[1861 Police Act]], which remains "the institutional bedrock across the country", configured the police to focus less on public service and crime investigation, and more on "coercive order keeping and crowd pacification".<ref name="Jauregui"/> Second, the police in postcolonial India are affected by the same corruption and abuse of power that has plagued the government in general.<ref name="Jauregui"/> Police have historically been known to apply [[excessive force]], [[Police extortion|extortion]], and arbitrary and often discriminatory use of authority.<ref name="Jauregui"/> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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{{-}} | {{-}} | ||
{{Law enforcement in India}} | {{Law enforcement in India}} | ||
{{Indian intelligence agencies}} | |||
{{Indian Penal Code navbox}} | |||
{{Criminal procedure}} | |||
{{Indian legislations|state=collapsed}} | |||
{{Law}} | |||
{{Asia topic|Law enforcement in}} | {{Asia topic|Law enforcement in}} | ||
{{Asia topic|Mass surveillance in}} | |||
{{Crime in Asia}} | |||
{{Social issues in India}} | |||
{{India topics}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Law Enforcement In India}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Law Enforcement In India}} | ||
[[Category:Law enforcement in India| ]] | [[Category:Law enforcement in India| ]] | ||