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Jatindra Mohan Sengupta: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| name | | name = Jatindra Mohan Sengupta | ||
| image | | image = Deshpriya Jatindra Mohan Sengupta.jpg | ||
| alt = | |||
| alt | | caption = Sengupta in [[Chittagong]] | ||
| caption | | birth_name = | ||
| birth_name | | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1885|02|22}} | ||
| birth_date | | birth_place = [[Chittagong]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]] | ||
| birth_place = [[Chittagong]], [[British India]] | | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1933|07|23|1885|02|22}} | ||
| death_date | | death_place = [[Ranchi]], British India | ||
| death_place = [[Ranchi]], British India | | nationality = British Indian | ||
| nationality = British Indian | | other_names = | ||
| other_names = | | known_for = | ||
| known_for | | parents = Jatra Mohan Sengupta (father) | ||
| parents | | spouse = Edith Ellen Gray (later known as [[Nellie Sengupta]]) | ||
| spouse | | occupation = Lawyer | ||
| occupation | | alma mater = [[Downing College, Cambridge]] | ||
| alma mater | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Jatindra Mohan Sengupta''' (22 February 1885 – 23 July 1933)<ref name="Rivista degli studi orientali">{{cite book|title=Rivista degli studi orientali|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IyPtAAAAMAAJ|access-date=18 December 2012|year=2001|publisher=Istituti editoriali e poligrafici internazionali}}</ref> was an | '''Jatindra Mohan Sengupta''' (22 February 1885 – 23 July 1933)<ref name="Rivista degli studi orientali">{{cite book|title=Rivista degli studi orientali|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IyPtAAAAMAAJ|access-date=18 December 2012|year=2001|publisher=Istituti editoriali e poligrafici internazionali}}</ref> was an Indian revolutionary against the [[British Raj|British rule]]. He was arrested several times by the British police. In 1933, he died in a prison located in [[Ranchi]], India. | ||
Sengupta studied at Hare School, Calcutta and Presidency College, Calcutta.<ref name="Daily Star">{{cite book|title=Waqar A. Khan, Deshpriya Jatindra Mohan & Nellie Sengupta, in The Daily Star, 21 February, 2021|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/in-focus/news/deshpriya-jatindra-mohan-nellie-sengupta-2036981}}</ref> After that he travelled to England, where he studied law at [[Downing College, Cambridge]].<ref>{{Cite | Sengupta studied at Hare School, Calcutta and Presidency College, Calcutta.<ref name="Daily Star">{{cite book|title=Waqar A. Khan, Deshpriya Jatindra Mohan & Nellie Sengupta, in The Daily Star, 21 February, 2021|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/in-focus/news/deshpriya-jatindra-mohan-nellie-sengupta-2036981}}</ref> After that he travelled to England, where he studied law at [[Downing College, Cambridge]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.varsity.co.uk/features/15993|title=How a small society of Indian Cambridge students helped destroy the British Raj|work=Varsity |language=en|access-date=2019-10-09}}</ref> During his stay there, he met and married Edith Ellen Gray, later known as [[Nellie Sengupta]]. He was elected president of the Cambridge Majlis in 1908.<ref name="Daily Star"/> After returning to India, he started a legal practice. He also joined in Indian politics, becoming a member of the [[Indian National Congress]] and participating in the [[Non-Cooperation Movement]]. Eventually, he gave up his legal practice in favour of his political commitment. | ||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
[[File:Nellie and Jatindra Mohan Sengupta 1985 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Nellie and Jatindra Mohan Sengupta on a 1985 stamp of India]] | [[File:Nellie and Jatindra Mohan Sengupta 1985 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Nellie and Jatindra Mohan Sengupta on a 1985 stamp of India]] | ||
Jatindra Mohan Sengupta was born on 22 February 1885 to a prominent land-owning (''[[ | Jatindra Mohan Sengupta was born on 22 February 1885 to a prominent land-owning (''[[zamindar]]'') family of Barama, in Chittagong district of [[British India]] (now in [[Chittagong]], [[Bangladesh]]).<ref name="Sengupta1968">{{cite book|author=Padmini Sathianadhan Sengupta|title=Deshapriya Jatindra Mohan Sengupta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3hw-AAAAMAAJ|access-date=18 December 2012|year=1968|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|page=7}}</ref> His father, [[Jatra Mohan Sengupta]], was an advocate and a member of the [[Bengal Legislative Council]].<ref name="Sengupta1968"/> | ||
Sengupta became a student of the [[Presidency College, Kolkata|Presidency College]] in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]. After completing his university studies, he went to England in 1904 to acquire a bachelor's degree in | Sengupta became a student of the [[Presidency College, Kolkata|Presidency College]] in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]. After completing his university studies, he went to England in 1904 to acquire a bachelor's degree in law. While in England, he met his future wife, Edith Ellen Gray, who is now better known as Nellie Sengupta.<ref name="Postal Stamp Image" /> | ||
== Career == | == Career == | ||
After being awarded his degree in law, Sengupta was [[called to the Bar]] in England then returned with his wife to India, where he began practicing law as a barrister. In 1911, he represented Chittagong in the [[Bengal Provincial Conference]] at [[Faridpur Upazila|Faridpur]].<ref name="Postal Stamp Image" /> This was the beginning of his political career. Later, he joined the Indian National Congress. He also organised the employees of the [[Burmah Oil|Burmah Oil Company]] to form a union.<ref name="Chatterjee2002">{{cite book|author=Srilata Chatterjee|title=Congress Politics in Bengal: 1919–1939|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EUfLByqNx9oC&pg=PA82|year=2002|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-84331-063-1|pages=82–}}</ref> | After being awarded his degree in law, Sengupta was [[called to the Bar]] in England then returned with his wife to India, where he began practicing law as a barrister. In 1911, he represented Chittagong in the [[Bengal Provincial Conference]] at [[Faridpur Upazila|Faridpur]].<ref name="Postal Stamp Image" /> This was the beginning of his political career. Later, he joined the Indian National Congress. He also organised the employees of the [[Burmah Oil|Burmah Oil Company]] to form a union.<ref name="Chatterjee2002">{{cite book|author=Srilata Chatterjee|title=Congress Politics in Bengal: 1919–1939|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EUfLByqNx9oC&pg=PA82|year=2002|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-84331-063-1|pages=82–}}</ref> | ||
In 1921, Sengupta became the | In 1921, Sengupta became the chairman of the Bengal Reception Committees of the Indian National Congress. That same year, during a strike at the Burmah Oil Company, he was also serving as the secretary of the employees' union.<ref name=Chatterjee2002 /> He abandoned his legal practise due to his commitment to political work, particularly related to the Non-Cooperation Movement led by [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]]. In 1923, he was selected as a member of the Bengal Legislative Council.<ref name="Mahmud1994">{{cite book|author=Sayed Jafar Mahmud|title=Pillars of Modern India 1757–1947|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w8XPyBqxwX8C&pg=PA47|year=1994|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7024-586-5|pages=47–}}</ref> | ||
In 1925, after the death of [[Chitta Ranjan Das]], Sengupta was elected president of the Bengal [[Swaraj Party]]. He also became president of the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee. He was mayor of Calcutta from 10 April 1929 to 29 April 1930.<ref name="Mayor of Kolkata">{{cite web|title=Mayor of Kolkata|url=https://www.kmcgov.in/KMCPortal/jsp/MayorsKolkata.jsp|publisher=Kolkata Municipal Corporation|access-date=21 December 2012}}</ref> In March 1930, at a public meeting in [[Rangoon]], he was arrested on charges of provoking people against the Government and opposing the India–Burma separation.<ref name=Mahmud1994 /> | In 1925, after the death of [[Chitta Ranjan Das]], Sengupta was elected president of the Bengal [[Swaraj Party]]. He also became president of the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee. He was mayor of Calcutta from 10 April 1929 to 29 April 1930.<ref name="Mayor of Kolkata">{{cite web|title=Mayor of Kolkata|url=https://www.kmcgov.in/KMCPortal/jsp/MayorsKolkata.jsp|publisher=Kolkata Municipal Corporation|access-date=21 December 2012}}</ref> In March 1930, at a public meeting in [[Rangoon]], he was arrested on charges of provoking people against the Government and opposing the India–Burma separation.<ref name=Mahmud1994 /> | ||