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'''Bappa Rawal''', also spelled as "Bappa Raval", (c. 8th century) was a ruler of the [[Mewar]] (Medapata) region in [[Rajasthan]], India. The bardic chronicles describe him as a member of the [[Guhila]] (Gahlot) Rajput Clan | '''Bappa Rawal''', also spelled as "Bappa Raval", (c. 8th century) was a ruler of the [[Mewar]] (Medapata) region in [[Rajasthan]], India. The bardic chronicles describe him as a member of the [[Guhila]] (Gahlot) Rajput Clan, and some of these consider him as the founder of the [[Guhila dynasty]]. Different historians have identified him with various rulers of the Guhila dynasty, including Kalabhoja, Shiladitya, and Khumana. | ||
According to legends, he captured the Chitrakuta ([[Chittor Fort|Chittor]]) fort, | According to legends, he captured the Chitrakuta ([[Chittor Fort|Chittor]]) fort, from the [[mlechchhas]] (identified by modern historians with the [[Muslims]]). | ||
== Legendary accounts == | == Legendary accounts == | ||
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=== Conquest of Chittor === | === Conquest of Chittor === | ||
According to some legends, Bappa Rawal captured Chitrakuta ([[Chittor Fort]]) | According to some legends, Bappa Rawal captured Chitrakuta ([[Chittor Fort]]) from the [[mlechchhas]].{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=298-299}} | ||
Scholars such as [[R. C. Majumdar]] and R. V. Somani theorize that the [[Caliphate campaigns in India|Arab invaders]] defeated the former rulers of Chittor, and Bappa Rawal gained control of Chittor after repulsing the Arab invaders. According to Majumdar, the Moris (Mauryas) were ruling at Chittor when the Arabs (mlechchhas) invaded north-western India around 725 CE.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=298-299}} The Arabs defeated the Moris, and in turn, were defeated by a confederacy that included Bappa Rawal.{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=45}}{{sfn|Khalid Yahya Blankinship|1994|p=188}} Majumdar believes that his heroics against the Arabs raised Bappa Rawal's status to such an extent that he wrongly came to be regarded as the founder of the dynasty.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=298-299}} R. V. Somani theorized that Bappa was a part of the anti-Arab confederacy formed by the [[Gurjara-Pratihara|Pratihara]] ruler [[Nagabhata I]].{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=45}} Somani also speculates that Bappa Rawal might have fought on the Pratihara side in their defence against the [[Rashtrakuta]] invasions.{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=45}} | Scholars such as [[R. C. Majumdar]] and R. V. Somani theorize that the [[Caliphate campaigns in India|Arab invaders]] defeated the former rulers of Chittor, and Bappa Rawal gained control of Chittor after repulsing the Arab invaders. According to Majumdar, the Moris (Mauryas) were ruling at Chittor when the Arabs (mlechchhas) invaded north-western India around 725 CE.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=298-299}} The Arabs defeated the Moris, and in turn, were defeated by a confederacy that included Bappa Rawal.{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=45}}{{sfn|Khalid Yahya Blankinship|1994|p=188}} Majumdar believes that his heroics against the Arabs raised Bappa Rawal's status to such an extent that he wrongly came to be regarded as the founder of the dynasty.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=298-299}} R. V. Somani theorized that Bappa was a part of the anti-Arab confederacy formed by the [[Gurjara-Pratihara|Pratihara]] ruler [[Nagabhata I]].{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=45}} Somani also speculates that Bappa Rawal might have fought on the Pratihara side in their defence against the [[Rashtrakuta]] invasions.{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=45}} | ||