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In [[India]], a '''Municipal Council''', '''[[municipality]]''', '''Nagar Palika''', '''Nagar Palika Parishad''' is an [[Urban Local Body]] that administers a city of population 100,000 or more. However, there are exceptions to that, as previously Nagar Palikas were constituted in urban centers with populations over 20,000, so all the urban bodies which were previously classified as Nagar Palikas even if their population was under 100,000. Under the [[Panchayati Raj]] system. It interacts directly with the state government, though it is administratively part of the [[district]] it is located in. Generally, smaller district cities and bigger towns have a Nagar Palika. | In [[India]], a '''Municipal Council''', '''[[municipality]]''', '''Nagar Palika''', '''Nagar Palika Parishad''' is an [[Urban Local Body]] that administers a city of population 100,000 or more. However, there are exceptions to that, as previously Nagar Palikas were constituted in urban centers with populations over 20,000, so all the urban bodies which were previously classified as Nagar Palikas even if their population was under 100,000. Under the [[Panchayati Raj]] system. It interacts directly with the state government, though it is administratively part of the [[district]] it is located in. Generally, smaller district cities and bigger towns have a Nagar Palika. | ||
Nagar Palikas are also a form of local self-government entrusted with some duties and responsibilities, as enshrined in the [[Seventy-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India|Constitutional (74th Amendment) Act, | Nagar Palikas are also a form of local self-government entrusted with some duties and responsibilities, as enshrined in the [[Seventy-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India|Constitutional (74th Amendment) Act, 1993]]. Under Article 243Q, it became obligatory for every state to constitute such units. | ||
The 74th amendment made the provisions relating to '''urban local governments''' (Nagarpalikas).<ref name="NCERT">{{cite web|url=http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?keps2=8-10|title=India Constitution at Work|date=January 20, 2015|publisher=National Council of Educational Research and Training|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129092629/http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/keps208.pdf|archive-date=2015-11-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> | The 74th amendment made the provisions relating to '''urban local governments''' (Nagarpalikas).<ref name="NCERT">{{cite web|url=http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?keps2=8-10|title=India Constitution at Work|date=January 20, 2015|publisher=National Council of Educational Research and Training|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129092629/http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/keps208.pdf|archive-date=2015-11-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
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Three tier structure: | Three tier structure: | ||
* [[Municipal corporation (India)|Municipal Corporation]] | * [[Municipal corporation (India)|Municipal Corporation]] | ||
* | * Municipal Council | ||
* [[Nagar panchayat|Nagar Panchayat]] | * [[Nagar panchayat|Nagar Panchayat]] | ||
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The members of the Nagar Palika are elected representatives for a term of five years. The town is divided into wards according to population, and representatives are elected from each ward separately. The members elect a president among themselves to preside over and conduct meetings. Employees of the state government of India, including Chief Officer, Town Planning Engineer, Auditor, Sanitary Inspector, [[Medical Officer for Health#India|Medical Officer for Health]], and [[District Educational Office|Education Officer]], among many others, who come from the state public services, are appointed to handle the administrative affairs of the Nagar Palika. | The members of the Nagar Palika are elected representatives for a term of five years. The town is divided into wards according to population, and representatives are elected from each ward separately. The members elect a president among themselves to preside over and conduct meetings. Employees of the state government of India, including Chief Officer, Town Planning Engineer, Auditor, Sanitary Inspector, [[Medical Officer for Health#India|Medical Officer for Health]], and [[District Educational Office|Education Officer]], among many others, who come from the state public services, are appointed to handle the administrative affairs of the Nagar Palika. | ||
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{{chart| | | | | | |ROI|ROI=[[India|Republic of India]]}} | |||
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{{chart| | | | | | |DT| | | | | | | | |DT=[[List of districts in India|Districts]]}} | |||
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{{chart|BK| |MC| |MS| |CC|BK=[[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|Blocks]]<br />(Tehsils/Talukas)|MC=[[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipal Corporations]]<br />(Maha-Nagar-Palika)|MS=[[Municipal Council (India)|Municipality]]<br />(Nagar-Palika)|CC=[[Nagar Panchayat (Notified Area Council)|City Councils]]<br />(Nagar-Panchayat)}} | |||
{{chart| |!| | | |`|-|-|-| |-|-|'}} | |||
{{chart|VS| | | | | |WS|VS=[[Gram panchayat|Villages]]<br />(Gram/Gaon)|WS=Wards}} | |||
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==Functions== | ==Functions== | ||