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{{Short description|Place of worship in Sikhism}} | {{Short description|Place of worship in Sikhism}} | ||
{{Sikhism sidebar}} | {{Sikhism sidebar}} | ||
A '''gurdwara''' ({{IAST|'''gurdwārā'''}}; meaning "door to the [[Sikh gurus|guru]]") is a place of assembly and [[place of worship|worship]] for [[Sikhs]]. Sikhs also refer to gurdwaras as ''Gurdwara | A '''gurdwara''' ({{IAST|'''gurdwārā'''}}; meaning "door to the [[Sikh gurus|guru]]") is a place of assembly and [[place of worship|worship]] for [[Sikhs]]. Sikhs also refer to gurdwaras as ''Gurdwara Sahib''. People from all faiths are welcomed in gurdwaras. Each gurdwara has a ''[[Darbar Sahib Hall|Darbar Sahib]]'' where the current and everlasting guru of the Sikhs, the scripture [[Guru Granth Sahib]], is placed on a {{lang|pa-Latn|takhat}} (an elevated throne) in a prominent central position. The guru (who sing [[Raga]]s) recite, sing, and explain the verses from the Guru Granth Sahib, in the presence of the congregation. | ||
All gurdwaras have a {{lang|pa-Latn|[[Langar (Sikhism)|langar]]}} hall, where people can eat free vegetarian food served by volunteers at the gurdwara.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Gurdwara|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/ritesrituals/gurdwara_1.shtml|work=BBC.co.uk|publisher=BBC|access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> They may also have a medical facility room, library, nursery, classroom, meeting rooms, playground, sports ground, a gift shop, and finally a repair shop.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gurdwara Requirements|url=http://www.worldgurudwaras.com/gurudwaras/gurdwara-requirements|work=WorldGurudwaras.com|access-date=18 March 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220923/http://www.worldgurudwaras.com/gurudwaras/gurdwara-requirements|archive-date=4 October 2013}}</ref> A gurdwara can be identified from a distance by tall flagpoles bearing the [[Nishan Sahib]], the Sikh flag. | All gurdwaras have a {{lang|pa-Latn|[[Langar (Sikhism)|langar]]}} hall, where people can eat free vegetarian food served by volunteers at the gurdwara.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Gurdwara|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/ritesrituals/gurdwara_1.shtml|work=BBC.co.uk|publisher=BBC|access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> They may also have a medical facility room, library, nursery, classroom, meeting rooms, playground, sports ground, a gift shop, and finally a repair shop.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gurdwara Requirements|url=http://www.worldgurudwaras.com/gurudwaras/gurdwara-requirements|work=WorldGurudwaras.com|access-date=18 March 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220923/http://www.worldgurudwaras.com/gurudwaras/gurdwara-requirements|archive-date=4 October 2013}}</ref> A gurdwara can be identified from a distance by tall flagpoles bearing the [[Nishan Sahib]], the Sikh flag. | ||
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==History== | ==History== | ||
<gallery widths="200" heights="200"> | <gallery widths="200" heights="200"> | ||
Templo dorado-Amritsar-India048.JPG|The [[Harmandir Sahib]] in [[Amritsar]], India, known informally as the Golden Temple, is the holiest gurdwara of [[Sikhism]] next to [[Akal Takht]], a Sikh seat of power. | Templo dorado-Amritsar-India048.JPG|The [[Harmandir Sahib]] in [[Amritsar]], India, known informally as the Golden Temple, is the holiest gurdwara of [[Sikhism]], next to [[Akal Takht]], a Sikh seat of power. | ||
Hazur Sahib, Nanded, Maharashtra, September 2012.jpg|Shri [[Hazur Sahib Nanded|Hazoor Sahib]] is a gurdwara in [[Nanded]], [[Maharashtra, India]]; is one of the five {{lang|pa-Latn|[[Takht (Sikhism)|takhts]]}}. | Hazur Sahib, Nanded, Maharashtra, September 2012.jpg|Shri [[Hazur Sahib Nanded|Hazoor Sahib]] is a gurdwara in [[Nanded]], [[Maharashtra, India]]; is one of the five {{lang|pa-Latn|[[Takht (Sikhism)|takhts]]}}. | ||
Front view of Gurudwara Bangla Sahib, Delhi.jpg|[[Gurudwara Bangla Sahib]] is one of the most prominent [[Sikhism|Sikh]] gurdwara in [[Delhi, India]] and known for its association with the eighth [[Sikh Guru]], [[Guru Har Krishan]], as well as the pool inside its complex, known as the "Sarovar." | Front view of Gurudwara Bangla Sahib, Delhi.jpg|[[Gurudwara Bangla Sahib]] is one of the most prominent [[Sikhism|Sikh]] gurdwara in [[Delhi, India]] and known for its association with the eighth [[Sikh Guru]], [[Guru Har Krishan]], as well as the pool inside its complex, known as the "Sarovar." | ||
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The worship centres were built as a place where Sikhs could gather to hear the guru give spiritual discourse and sing religious [[hymns]] in the praise of {{lang|pa-Latn|[[Waheguru]]}}. As the Sikh population continued to grow, [[Guru Hargobind]], the sixth Sikh guru, introduced the word gurdwara. | The worship centres were built as a place where Sikhs could gather to hear the guru give spiritual discourse and sing religious [[hymns]] in the praise of {{lang|pa-Latn|[[Waheguru]]}}. As the Sikh population continued to grow, [[Guru Hargobind]], the sixth Sikh guru, introduced the word gurdwara. | ||
The etymology of the term gurdwara is from the words {{lang|pa-Latn|gur}} ({{lang|pa|ਗੁਰ}}) (a reference to the Sikh gurus) and {{lang|pa-Latn|dwara}} ({{lang|pa|ਦੁਆਰਾ}}) (gateway in [[Gurmukhi]]), together meaning 'the gateway through which the guru could be reached'.<ref name=SGPC/> | The etymology of the term ''gurdwara'' is from the words {{lang|pa-Latn|gur}} ({{lang|pa|ਗੁਰ}}) (a reference to the Sikh gurus) and {{lang|pa-Latn|dwara}} ({{lang|pa|ਦੁਆਰਾ}}) (gateway in [[Gurmukhi]]), together meaning 'the gateway through which the guru could be reached'.<ref name=SGPC/> Thereafter, all Sikh places of worship came to be known as gurdwaras. | ||
Thereafter, all Sikh places of worship came to be known as gurdwaras. | |||
The use of '[[sahib]]', as sometimes appended in the term ''Gurdwara Sahib'', derives from a [[loanword]] of Arabic origin, meaning "companion" or "friend".<ref>{{OED|sahib, ''n.''}}</ref> | |||
[[File:Nishan sahib golden temple.jpg|right|thumb|upright=0.90|alt=Nishan Sahib flags on tall poles over Harmandir Sahib in India|Nishan Sahib flags on poles at Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar.]] | [[File:Nishan sahib golden temple.jpg|right|thumb|upright=0.90|alt=Nishan Sahib flags on tall poles over Harmandir Sahib in India|Nishan Sahib flags on poles at Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar.]] | ||
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* [[Takht Sri Kesgarh Sahib]], located in Anandpur Sahib, [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]]<ref>{{cite book|author=W. H. McLeod|title=The A to Z of Sikhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgixwfeCyDAC&pg=PA16 |year=2009| publisher=Scarecrow|isbn=978-0-8108-6344-6|page=16}}</ref> | * [[Takht Sri Kesgarh Sahib]], located in Anandpur Sahib, [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]]<ref>{{cite book|author=W. H. McLeod|title=The A to Z of Sikhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgixwfeCyDAC&pg=PA16 |year=2009| publisher=Scarecrow|isbn=978-0-8108-6344-6|page=16}}</ref> | ||
* [[Takht Sri Damdama Sahib]], located in [[Bathinda]], Punjab, India<ref>{{cite web | title=Railways halts survey to finalise the Talwandi Sabo rail route | website=hindustantimes.com | date=25 August 2015 | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/railways-halts-survey-to-finalise-the-talwandi-sabo-rail-route/story-KoJo34oRxxAXtXoAmZTcFL.html | access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref> | * [[Takht Sri Damdama Sahib]], located in [[Bathinda]], Punjab, India<ref>{{cite web | title=Railways halts survey to finalise the Talwandi Sabo rail route | website=hindustantimes.com | date=25 August 2015 | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/railways-halts-survey-to-finalise-the-talwandi-sabo-rail-route/story-KoJo34oRxxAXtXoAmZTcFL.html | access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref> | ||
* [[Takht Sri Patna Sahib|Takhat Sri Harimandir Patna Sahib]], in the neighborhood of [[Patna Sahib]], [[Patna]], [[Bihar]], India<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/five-jathedars-visit-patna-kick-off-17-preparations/articleshow/48137108.cms|title=Five jathedars visit Patna, kick off | * [[Takht Sri Patna Sahib|Takhat Sri Harimandir Patna Sahib]], in the neighborhood of [[Patna Sahib]], [[Patna]], [[Bihar]], India<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/five-jathedars-visit-patna-kick-off-17-preparations/articleshow/48137108.cms|title=Five jathedars visit Patna, kick off '17 preparations | Patna News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> | ||
* [[Hazur Sahib Nanded|Takht Sri Hazur Sahib]], located on banks of the [[River Godavari]] in [[Nanded]], [[Maharashtra]], India.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020427/windows/site.htm Hazoor Sahib — a salute to the saviour][[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]</ref> | * [[Hazur Sahib Nanded|Takht Sri Hazur Sahib]], located on banks of the [[River Godavari]] in [[Nanded]], [[Maharashtra]], India.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020427/windows/site.htm Hazoor Sahib — a salute to the saviour][[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]</ref> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [http://www.jattdisite.com/scraps/historical-gurudwaras/ All Historical Gurudwaras] | * [http://www.jattdisite.com/scraps/historical-gurudwaras/ All Historical Gurudwaras] | ||
*[https://siliguritourism.in/siliguri-gurudwara Siliguri Gurudwara] | * [https://siliguritourism.in/siliguri-gurudwara Siliguri Gurudwara] | ||
* [https://www.worldgurudwaras.com/ World Gurudwaras] | |||
{{Place of worship}} | |||
{{Sikhism}} | {{Sikhism}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||