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{{use Indian English|date=February 2016}} | {{use Indian English|date=February 2016}} | ||
{{Jainism}} | {{Jainism}} | ||
In [[Jainism]] cosmology, the '''Nigoda''' is a realm existing in which the lowest forms of life reside in endless numbers, and without any hope of release by self-effort. [[Jain scriptures]] describe nigodas which are [[microorganism]]s<ref>[[Kantilal Mardia|Kanti V. Mardia]], Aidan D. Rankin: Living Jainism. An Ethical Science, Alresford 2013.</ref> living in large clusters, having only one sense,<ref name="baindur">Meera Baindur: Nature in Indian Philosophy and Cultural Traditions, Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 12, New Delhi 2015, p. 100.</ref> having a very short life and are said to pervade each and every part of universe, even in tissues of plants and flesh of animals.{{sfn|Jaini|1998|p=109}} The Nigoda exists in contrast to the Supreme Abode, also located at the [[Siddhashila]] (top of the universe) where liberated souls exist in omnisciencent and eternal bliss. According to Jain tradition, it is said that when a human being achieves liberation ([[Moksha]]) or if a human would be born as a Nigoda due to [[karma]], another from the Nigoda is given the potential of self-effort and hope.<ref name="baindur"></ref> | In [[Jainism]] cosmology, the '''Nigoda''' is a realm existing in which the lowest forms of invisible life reside in endless numbers, and without any hope of release by self-effort. [[Jain scriptures]] describe nigodas which are [[microorganism]]s<ref>[[Kantilal Mardia|Kanti V. Mardia]], Aidan D. Rankin: Living Jainism. An Ethical Science, Alresford 2013.</ref> living in large clusters, having only one sense,<ref name="baindur">Meera Baindur: Nature in Indian Philosophy and Cultural Traditions, Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 12, New Delhi 2015, p. 100.</ref> having a very short life and are said to pervade each and every part of universe, even in tissues of plants and flesh of animals.{{sfn|Jaini|1998|p=109}} The Nigoda exists in contrast to the Supreme Abode, also located at the [[Siddhashila]] (top of the universe) where liberated souls exist in omnisciencent and eternal bliss. According to Jain tradition, it is said that when a human being achieves liberation ([[Moksha]]) or if a human would be born as a Nigoda due to [[karma]], another from the Nigoda is given the potential of self-effort and hope.<ref name="baindur"></ref> | ||
==Characteristics== | ==Characteristics== | ||