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{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
| image = Rani Durgavati.jpg | | image = Rani Durgavati.jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = Portrait of Rani Durgavati | ||
| succession =[[Maharani]] of [[ | | succession = ''De facto'' ruler and [[Maharani]] of [[Garha-Mandla|Gondwana]] | ||
| birth_date = {{birth-date|5 October 1524}} | | birth_date = {{birth-date|5 October 1524}} | ||
| birth_place =[[Kalinjar Fort]] | | birth_place = [[Kalinjar Fort]] | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|1564|06|24|1524|10|05|df=y}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|1564|06|24|1524|10|05|df=y}} | ||
| death_place = | | death_place = Narrai Nala, [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]] | ||
| spouse = [[Dalpat Shah]] | | spouse = [[Dalpat Shah]] | ||
| issue = Vir Narayan | | issue = Vir Narayan | ||
| successor = | | successor = Vir Narayan | ||
| father = | | father = Keerat Rai | ||
| religion = Hinduism | | religion = [[Hinduism]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Rani Durgavati''' (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the ruling Queen of [[Garha Kingdom|Gondwana]] from 1550 until 1564 | '''Rani Durgavati''' (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the ruling Queen of [[Garha Kingdom|Gondwana]] from 1550 until 1564. She was married to [[Dalpat Shah]], the son of king [[Sangram Shah]] of the [[Garha Kingdom]]. She is chiefly remembered for [[Mughal conquest of Garha|defending her kingdom]] against the [[Mughal Empire]]. | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
Durgavati was born on 5 October 1524 at the fortress of [[Kalinjar]]. She was born in the family of the [[Chandela dynasty#Final decline|Chandela]] [[Rajput]] king Shalivahan, who ruled the [[Mahoba]] kingdom.<ref name="akbarnama">{{cite book |last1=Beveridge |first1=H. |title=The Akbarnama Of Abul Fazl : Vol. II |date=1907 |page=323-333 |url=http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/55649 |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.55649/page/n333/mode/2up |archive-date=16 January 2017 |language=en |chapter=Conquest of the country of Gadha Katanga by the sword of the genius of Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan}}</ref> | |||
Dalpat Shah | In 1542, she was married to [[Dalpat Shah]], the son of the king [[Sangram Shah]] of the [[Garha Kingdom]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dikshit|first=R. K.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a9j9ZJGJOV0C&pg=PA130|title=The Candellas of Jejākabhukti|date=1976|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-046-4|pages=8|quote=According to Abu Fazl however, Durgavati husband, Dalpat Shah was the son of a Kachavaha Rajput, who had been adopted by the raja of Gadha Mandla|language=en}}</ref><ref name="akbarnama"/> The [[Chandela dynasty#Final decline|Chandela]]s of [[Mahoba]] and Rajgonds of [[Garha Kingdom|Garha-Mandla]] dynasties became allies through this marriage.<ref name="women of India">{{cite book |author1=Archana Garodia Gupta |title=The Women Who Ruled India- Leaders. Warriors. Icons. |date=20 April 2019 |publisher=Hachette India |isbn=9789351951537 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XuLDwAAQBAJ&dq=Dalpat+Shah&pg=PT67 |language=English |format=Ebook}}</ref> | ||
===Queen regnant=== | |||
Dalpat Shah died in 1550 and due to the young age of Vir Narayan, Durgavati took the reins of the Gondwana kingdom. [[Diwan (title)|Diwan]] Adhar Kayastha and Minister Man Thakur helped the Rani in looking after the administration successfully and effectively. Rani Durgavati promoted peace, trade, and good will throughout her realm.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Knight|first=Roderic|title=The "Bana", Epic Fiddle of Central India|journal=Asian Music |year=2000 |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=101–140|doi=10.2307/834332 |jstor=834332 }}</ref> | |||
Rani Durgavati moved her capital from [[Singorgarh fort]] to [[Narsinghpur|Chauragarh fort]]. It was a fort of strategic importance situated on the [[Satpura]] hill range.<ref name="akbarnama"/> | |||
After the death of [[Sher Shah Suri]], Shuja Khan captured [[Malwa]] and was succeeded by his son [[Baz Bahadur]] in 1556.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gupta|first=Parmeshwari Lal|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13223223-coins|title=Coins|date=1969|publisher=National Book Trust|isbn=9788123718873|pages=128|language=en}}</ref> After ascending to the throne, Baz attacked Rani Durgavati but the attack was repulsed.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Abul Fazl|first=Henry Beveridge|title=Akbarnama Volume-2|year=1907|pages=327–328}}</ref> | |||
Rani's contemporary was a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] General, Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan, an ambitious man who vanquished Ramchandra, the ruler of [[Rewa (princely state)|Rewa]]. The prosperity of Rani Durgavati's state lured him and he invaded Rani's state after taking permission from [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Akbar]]. | ===War with the Mughal=== | ||
In 1562, [[Akbar]] vanquished the [[Malwa]] ruler [[Baz Bahadur]] and conquered [[Malwa]], made it a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] dominion. Consequently, the state boundary of the Rani touched the [[Mughal Empire]]. Rani's contemporary was a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] General, Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan, an ambitious man who vanquished Ramchandra, the ruler of [[Rewa (princely state)|Rewa]]. The prosperity of Rani Durgavati's state lured him and he invaded Rani's state after taking permission from [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Akbar]]. | |||
When Rani heard about the attack by Asaf Khan she decided to defend her kingdom with all her might although her Diwan Beohar Adhar Simha (Adhar Kayastha)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 September 2018 |archive-date=10 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810134208/https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> pointed out the strength of Mughal forces. Rani maintained that it was better to die respectfully than to live a disgraceful life. | When Rani heard about the attack by Asaf Khan she decided to defend her kingdom with all her might although her Diwan Beohar Adhar Simha (Adhar Kayastha)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 September 2018 |archive-date=10 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810134208/https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> pointed out the strength of Mughal forces. Rani maintained that it was better to die respectfully than to live a disgraceful life. | ||
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* [[Rani of Jhansi]] | * [[Rani of Jhansi]] | ||
* [[Rudrama Devi]] | * [[Rudrama Devi]] | ||
* [[Rani Avantibai]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
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[[Category:Indian queen consorts]] | [[Category:Indian queen consorts]] | ||
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]] | [[Category:Hindu monarchs]] | ||
[[Category:Rajput | [[Category:Rajput monarchs]] | ||
[[Category:Suicides in India]] | [[Category:Suicides in India]] | ||
[[Category:16th-century suicides]] | [[Category:16th-century suicides]] | ||