Abu Sayeed Chowdhury: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Bangladeshi politician}}
{{other people||Abu Sayeed (disambiguation)}}
{{other people||Abu Sayeed (disambiguation)}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
|name         = Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
| name               = Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
|native_name   = আবু সাঈদ চৌধুরী
| native_name         = আবু সাঈদ চৌধুরী
|native_name_lang = bn
| native_name_lang   = bn
|image         = ChoudhuryJusticeAbuSayeed.jpg
| image               = Abu Sayeed Chowdhury at the office of the Vice-Chancellor of Dacca University, November 1970.png
|office       = 41st Chairman of the [[United Nations Commission on Human Rights]]
| office             = 41st Chairman of the [[United Nations Commission on Human Rights]]
|term_start   =
| term_start         =  
|term_end     =
| term_end           =  
|predecessor   = [[Pieter Kooijmans]]
| predecessor         = [[Pieter Kooijmans]]
|successor     = Héctor Charry-Samper
| successor           = Héctor Charry-Samper
|office1       = 3rd [[Foreign Minister of Bangladesh]]
| office1             = 3rd [[Foreign Minister of Bangladesh]]
|president1     = [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]
| president1         = [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]
|term_start1   = August 1975
| term_start1         = August 1975
|term_end1     = November 1975<ref>{{cite web | title = List of Former Ministers/ Advisers | url = http://www.mofa.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=90&Itemid=97|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717120230/http://www.mofa.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=90&Itemid=97|archive-date=17 July 2015|access-date=1 November 2017|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref>
| term_end1           = November 1975<ref>{{cite web | title = List of Former Ministers/ Advisers | url = http://www.mofa.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=90&Itemid=97|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717120230/http://www.mofa.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=90&Itemid=97|archive-date=17 July 2015|access-date=1 November 2017|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref>
|predecessor1   = [[Kamal Hossain]]
| predecessor1       = [[Kamal Hossain]]
|successor1     = [[Muhammad Shamsul Haque]]
| successor1         = [[Muhammad Shamsul Haque]]
|office2       = 2nd [[President of Bangladesh]]
| office2             = [[President of Bangladesh]]
|primeminister2 = Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
| primeminister2     = Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
|term_start2   = 12 January 1972
| term_start2         = 12 January 1972
|term_end2     = 24 December 1973<ref>{{cite web |title=Leaders of Bangladesh |url=http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/bangladh.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728183807/http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/bangladh.htm |archive-date=28 July 2012}}</ref>
| term_end2           = 24 December 1973<ref>{{cite web |title=Leaders of Bangladesh |url=http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/bangladh.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728183807/http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/bangladh.htm |archive-date=28 July 2022}}</ref>
|predecessor2   = Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
| predecessor2       = Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
|successor2     = [[Mohammad Mohammadullah]]
| successor2         = [[Mohammad Mohammadullah]]
|office3       = 1st Bangladesh High Commissioner to the United Kingdom
| office3             = 1st Bangladesh High Commissioner to the United Kingdom
|term_start3   = 1 August 1971
| term_start3         = 1 August 1971
|term_end3     = 8 January 1972
| term_end3           = 8 January 1972
|president3     = Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
| president3         = Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
|successor3     = S.A. Sultan
| successor3         = S.A. Sultan
|office4       = Vice Chancellor of the [[University of Dhaka]]
| office4             = Vice Chancellor of the [[University of Dhaka]]
|term_start4   = 2 December 1969
| term_start4         = 2 December 1969
|term_end4     = 20 January 1972
| term_end4           = 20 January 1972
|successor5     = [[Syed Sajjad Hussain]]
| successor5         = [[Syed Sajjad Hussain]]
|predecessor5   = [[M Osman Ghani]]
| predecessor5       = [[M Osman Ghani]]
|parents       = Abdul Hamid Chowdhury
| parents             = Abdul Hamid Chowdhury
|education     = {{ublist|[[Presidency University, Kolkata]]|[[University of Calcutta]]|}}
| education           = {{ublist|[[Bindu Basini Govt. Boys' High School]]|[[Presidency University, Kolkata]]|[[University of Calcutta]]|}}
|birth_date   = {{birth date|df=yes|1921|1|31}}
| birth_date         = {{birth date|df=yes|1921|1|31}}
|birth_place   = [[Kalihati Upazila]], [[Tangail District]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| birth_place         = [[Kalihati Upazila]], [[Tangail District]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
|death_date   = {{death date and age|df=yes|1987|8|2|1921|1|31}}
| death_date         = {{death date and age|df=yes|1987|8|2|1921|1|31}}
|death_place   = London, England
| death_place         = London, England
|party         = [[Bangladesh Awami League|Awami League]]
| party               = [[Bangladesh Awami League|Awami League]]
}}
}}
'''Abu Sayeed Chowdhury''' (31 January 1921 – 2 August 1987) was a jurist and the [[President of Bangladesh]].<ref name=death>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=149111|title=Death anniversary of Abu Sayeed Chowdhury today|date=2 August 2010|work=The Daily Star|access-date=1 November 2017|language=en}}</ref> Besides that, he held the positions of the Chairmen of the United Nations Commission on Human rights, the vice-chancellor of the [[University of Dhaka]], the [[Foreign Minister of Bangladesh]] and the first Bangladesh High Commissioner to the UK.<ref name=bpedia/>
'''Abu Sayeed Chowdhury''' (31 January 1921 – 2 August 1987) was a jurist and the [[President of Bangladesh]].<ref name=death>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=149111|title=Death anniversary of Abu Sayeed Chowdhury today|date=2 August 2010|work=The Daily Star|access-date=1 November 2017|language=en}}</ref> Besides that, he held the positions of the Chairmen of the United Nations Commission on Human rights, the vice-chancellor of the [[University of Dhaka]], the [[Foreign Minister of Bangladesh]] and the first Bangladesh High Commissioner to the UK.<ref name=bpedia/>


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
Chowdhury was born on 31 January 1921 in a Zamindar family of Nagbari in [[Tangail District]].<ref name=bpedia/> His father Abdul Hamid Chowdhury apart from being a Zamindar become the speaker of the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly later on in his life. He was given the title "Khan Bahadur" by the British Empire, a title which he later renounced to give his voice to the movement against British atrocities and the British Empire.
Chowdhury was born on 31 January 1921 in a Zamindar family of Nagbari in [[Tangail District]].<ref name=bpedia/> His father Abdul Hamid Chowdhury apart from being a Zamindar become the speaker of the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly later on in his life. He was given the title "Khan Bahadur" by the British Empire, a title which he later renounced to give his voice to the movement against British atrocities and the British Empire.{{Citation needed|date= June 2022}}


Chowdhury graduated in 1940 from the Presidency College in Calcutta. He obtained his master's and law degrees from [[University of Calcutta]] in 1942 and after the second world war he completed bar-at-law in London.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Islam |first=Sirajul |year=2012 |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]|chapter=Choudhury, Justice Abu Sayeed|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Choudhury,_Justice_Abu_Sayeed |editor2-last=Haq |editor2-first=Enamul }}</ref>
Chowdhury graduated in 1940 from the Presidency College in Calcutta. He obtained his master's and law degrees from [[University of Calcutta]] in 1942 and after the second world war he completed bar-at-law in London.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Islam |first=Sirajul |year=2012 |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]|chapter=Choudhury, Justice Abu Sayeed|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Choudhury,_Justice_Abu_Sayeed |editor2-last=Haq |editor2-first=Enamul }}</ref>
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==Career==
==Career==
[[File:Lord James at the office of the Vice-Chancellor of Dacca University, November 1970.png|thumb|left|Lord James, leader of the British Educational Survey Team at the office of Chowdhury (1970)]]
[[File:Lord James at the office of the Vice-Chancellor of Dacca University, November 1970.png|thumb|left|Lord James, leader of the British Educational Survey Team at the office of Chowdhury (1970)]]
Chowdhury joined the Calcutta High Court Bar in 1947, and after the partition of India he came over to Dhaka and joined the Dhaka High Court Bar in 1948.<ref name=bpedia/> In 1960, he was appointed as the advocate general of [[East Pakistan]]. He was elevated to the post of Additional Judge of the Dhaka High Court on 7 July 1961 by the then [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Pakistani President Ayub Khan]] and was confirmed as judge of the Dhaka High Court after two years. He had been a member of the Constitution Commission (1960–61) and chairman of the Bengali Development Board (1963–1968).
Chowdhury joined the Calcutta High Court Bar in 1947, and after the partition of India he came over to Dhaka and joined the Dhaka High Court Bar in 1948.<ref name=bpedia/> In 1960, he was appointed as the advocate general of [[East Pakistan]]. He was elevated to the post of Additional Judge of the Dhaka High Court on 7 July 1961 by the then [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Pakistani President Ayub Khan]] and was confirmed as judge of the Dhaka High Court after two years. He had been a member of the Constitution Commission (1960–61) and chairman of the Bengali Development Board (1963–1968).


Chowdhury was appointed as the vice-chancellor of the [[University of Dhaka]] in 1969.<ref name=bpedia/> In 1971, while in Geneva he resigned from the post as a protest against the genocide in East Pakistan by the Pakistan army.<ref name=death/> From Geneva he went to the UK and became the special envoy of the provisional [[Provisional Government of Bangladesh|Mujibnagar Government]]. An umbrella organisation, ''The Council for the People's Republic of Bangladesh in UK'' was formed on 24 April 1971 in Coventry, UK, by the expatriate Bengalis, and a five-member steering committee of the council was elected by them. He was the High Commissioner for the People's Republic of Bangladesh, London from 1 August 1971 to 8 January 1972.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhclondon.org.uk/list%20of%20HE.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=3 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707131628/http://www.bhclondon.org.uk/list%20of%20HE.htm |archive-date=7 July 2012 }}</ref>
Chowdhury was appointed as the vice-chancellor of the [[University of Dhaka]] in 1969.<ref name=bpedia/> In 1971, while in Geneva he resigned from the post as a protest against the genocide in East Pakistan by the Pakistan army.<ref name=death/> From Geneva he went to the UK and became the special envoy of the provisional [[Provisional Government of Bangladesh|Mujibnagar Government]]. An umbrella organisation, ''The Council for the People's Republic of Bangladesh in UK'' was formed on 24 April 1971 in Coventry, UK, by the expatriate Bengalis, and a five-member steering committee of the council was elected by them. He was the High Commissioner for the People's Republic of Bangladesh, London from 1 August 1971 to 8 January 1972.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhclondon.org.uk/list%20of%20HE.htm |title=List of the High Commissioner |website=High Commission for the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, London |access-date=3 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707131628/http://www.bhclondon.org.uk/list%20of%20HE.htm |archive-date=7 July 2022}}</ref>


===President of Bangladesh===
===President of Bangladesh===
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== Death and legacy ==
== Death and legacy ==
Chowdhury died of a heart attack in London on 2 August 1987 and was buried in his village, Nagbari of Tangail.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/03/obituaries/abu-sayeed-chowdhury-66-was-president-of-bangladesh.html|title = Abu Sayeed Chowdhury, 66; Was President of Bangladesh|date = 3 August 1987|newspaper = The New York Times|agency=AP|issn = 0362-4331|access-date = 21 March 2016}}</ref>
Chowdhury died of a heart attack in London on 2 August 1987 and was buried in his village, Nagbari of Tangail.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/03/obituaries/abu-sayeed-chowdhury-66-was-president-of-bangladesh.html|title = Abu Sayeed Chowdhury, 66; Was President of Bangladesh|date = 3 August 1987|newspaper = The New York Times|agency=AP|issn = 0362-4331|access-date = 21 March 2022}}</ref>


=== Controversy ===
=== Controversy ===

Latest revision as of 16:51, 18 October 2022


For other people with the same name, see Abu Sayeed (disambiguation).

Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
আবু সাঈদ চৌধুরী
Abu Sayeed Chowdhury at the office of the Vice-Chancellor of Dacca University, November 1970.png
41st Chairman of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights
Preceded byPieter Kooijmans
Succeeded byHéctor Charry-Samper
3rd Foreign Minister of Bangladesh
In office
August 1975 – November 1975[1]
PresidentSheikh Mujibur Rahman
Preceded byKamal Hossain
Succeeded byMuhammad Shamsul Haque
President of Bangladesh
In office
12 January 1972 – 24 December 1973[2]
Prime MinisterSheikh Mujibur Rahman
Preceded bySheikh Mujibur Rahman
Succeeded byMohammad Mohammadullah
1st Bangladesh High Commissioner to the United Kingdom
In office
1 August 1971 – 8 January 1972
PresidentSheikh Mujibur Rahman
Succeeded byS.A. Sultan
Vice Chancellor of the University of Dhaka
In office
2 December 1969 – 20 January 1972
Preceded byM Osman Ghani
Succeeded bySyed Sajjad Hussain
Personal details
Born(1921-01-31)31 January 1921
Kalihati Upazila, Tangail District, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died2 August 1987(1987-08-02) (aged 66)
London, England
Political partyAwami League
Parent(s)Abdul Hamid Chowdhury
Education

Abu Sayeed Chowdhury (31 January 1921 – 2 August 1987) was a jurist and the President of Bangladesh.[3] Besides that, he held the positions of the Chairmen of the United Nations Commission on Human rights, the vice-chancellor of the University of Dhaka, the Foreign Minister of Bangladesh and the first Bangladesh High Commissioner to the UK.[4]

Early life and education[edit]

Chowdhury was born on 31 January 1921 in a Zamindar family of Nagbari in Tangail District.[4] His father Abdul Hamid Chowdhury apart from being a Zamindar become the speaker of the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly later on in his life. He was given the title "Khan Bahadur" by the British Empire, a title which he later renounced to give his voice to the movement against British atrocities and the British Empire.[citation needed]

Chowdhury graduated in 1940 from the Presidency College in Calcutta. He obtained his master's and law degrees from University of Calcutta in 1942 and after the second world war he completed bar-at-law in London.[4]

Career[edit]

Lord James, leader of the British Educational Survey Team at the office of Chowdhury (1970)

Chowdhury joined the Calcutta High Court Bar in 1947, and after the partition of India he came over to Dhaka and joined the Dhaka High Court Bar in 1948.[4] In 1960, he was appointed as the advocate general of East Pakistan. He was elevated to the post of Additional Judge of the Dhaka High Court on 7 July 1961 by the then Pakistani President Ayub Khan and was confirmed as judge of the Dhaka High Court after two years. He had been a member of the Constitution Commission (1960–61) and chairman of the Bengali Development Board (1963–1968).

Chowdhury was appointed as the vice-chancellor of the University of Dhaka in 1969.[4] In 1971, while in Geneva he resigned from the post as a protest against the genocide in East Pakistan by the Pakistan army.[3] From Geneva he went to the UK and became the special envoy of the provisional Mujibnagar Government. An umbrella organisation, The Council for the People's Republic of Bangladesh in UK was formed on 24 April 1971 in Coventry, UK, by the expatriate Bengalis, and a five-member steering committee of the council was elected by them. He was the High Commissioner for the People's Republic of Bangladesh, London from 1 August 1971 to 8 January 1972.[5]

President of Bangladesh[edit]

After liberation, Chowdhury returned to Dhaka and was elected as President of Bangladesh on 12 January 1972. On 10 April 1973,[4] he was again elected as President of Bangladesh, and in the same year (December) he resigned and become special envoy for external relations with the rank of a minister. On 8 August 1975, he was included in the cabinet of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as minister of ports and shipping. After Rahman was assassinated, he became the minister for foreign affairs in the cabinet of President Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad in August 1975, a position which he held till 7 November the same year.[4]

UN Committee[edit]

In 1978, Chowdhury was elected a member of the United Nations Sub-committee on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities.[4] In 1985, he was elected chairman of the UN Human Rights Commission.[3] He was honoured with the insignia of Deshikottam by Visva-Bharati University. Calcutta University awarded him the honorary degree of Doctor of Law.

Death and legacy[edit]

Chowdhury died of a heart attack in London on 2 August 1987 and was buried in his village, Nagbari of Tangail.[6]

Controversy[edit]

Right after the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Abu Sayeed Chowdhury joined the cabinet of the new government as the foreign minister and praised the mastermind of the assassination Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad by saying, "President Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad believes in democracy and he wants to restore democratic atmosphere in the country."[7]

Books[edit]

  • Probashe Muktijuddher Dinguli
  • Manobadhikar
  • Human Rights in the Twentieth Century
  • Muslim Family Law in the English Courts[8]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "List of Former Ministers/ Advisers". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "Leaders of Bangladesh". Archived from the original on 28 July 2022. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Death anniversary of Abu Sayeed Chowdhury today". The Daily Star. 2 August 2010. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Islam, Sirajul (2012). "Choudhury, Justice Abu Sayeed". In Islam, Sirajul; Haq, Enamul (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  5. ↑ "List of the High Commissioner". High Commission for the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, London. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2012. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (help)
  6. ↑ "Abu Sayeed Chowdhury, 66; Was President of Bangladesh". The New York Times. AP. 3 August 1987. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  7. ↑ "Who Said What After August 15". The Daily Star. 17 August 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  8. ↑ "Abu Sayeed's birthday today". The Daily Star. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 2 November 2017.

External links[edit]

Template:Presidents of Bangladesh

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