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Maravarman Sundara Pandyan: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|King of Pandya}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} | ||
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==Accession== | ==Accession== | ||
Sundara Pandyan came to power in 1216 CE after his elder | Sundara Pandyan came to power in 1216 CE after his elder brothers death [[Jatavarman Kulasekaran I|Jatavarman Kulasekara Pandyan]]. Kulasekara Pandyan was a vassal of the Chola King [[Kulothunga Chola III]]. He had opposed and been defeated by [[Kulothunga Chola III]] in 1205 CE, when the victorious Chola armies burned down the ancient Pandyan coronation hall in [[Madurai]]. This sowed the seed for revenge when Sundara Pandyan took power.<ref>KA Nilakanta Sastri, p178</ref> | ||
==War against the Cholas== | ==War against the Cholas== | ||
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Kulothunga made his formal submission to Pandyan rule in 1217 CE at [[Pudukkottai|Pon Amaravathi]], ending nearly three centuries of [[Chola]] domination in the Tamil country and other major parts of South India. This was the beginning of the Pandyan revival and the second Pandyan empire was born and between 1215-1345 AD the [[Pandyas]] were the paramount power in South India.<ref>KA Nilakanta Sastri, p194</ref> During the following five decades from 1215 AD, following their defeat to the [[Pandyas]], the [[Cholas]] experienced a constant decline in terms of extent of territory, political importance, prestige and remained largely subordinate and subservient to the [[Pandyas]]. The [[Cholas]] also became dependent on the [[Hoysalas]] with whom they had marital relations. [[Kulothunga Chola III]] died in 1218 CE, shortly after his defeat by Maravarman Sundara Pandyan and his son successor [[Rajaraja Chola III]] proved to be an incapable and incompetent ruler under whose rule the Chola kingdom hurtled from one ignominy to the other, and the process of its decline hastened. | Kulothunga made his formal submission to Pandyan rule in 1217 CE at [[Pudukkottai|Pon Amaravathi]], ending nearly three centuries of [[Chola]] domination in the Tamil country and other major parts of South India. This was the beginning of the Pandyan revival and the second Pandyan empire was born and between 1215-1345 AD the [[Pandyas]] were the paramount power in South India.<ref>KA Nilakanta Sastri, p194</ref> During the following five decades from 1215 AD, following their defeat to the [[Pandyas]], the [[Cholas]] experienced a constant decline in terms of extent of territory, political importance, prestige and remained largely subordinate and subservient to the [[Pandyas]]. The [[Cholas]] also became dependent on the [[Hoysalas]] with whom they had marital relations. [[Kulothunga Chola III]] died in 1218 CE, shortly after his defeat by Maravarman Sundara Pandyan and his son successor [[Rajaraja Chola III]] proved to be an incapable and incompetent ruler under whose rule the Chola kingdom hurtled from one ignominy to the other, and the process of its decline hastened. | ||
In 1225 CE Sundara Pandyan defeated and drove away a company of Odda ([[Odia_people|Oriya]]) Soldiers who had invaded the Chola heartland and occupied [[Srirangam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.srirangaminfo.com/Srirangam-Temple-Sanctuary.php|title = Srirangam Temple Sanctuary}}</ref> He allied himself with the [[Kadava]] chieftain [[Kopperunchinga I]] against the Cholas and Hoysalas. After the defeat and capture of [[Rajaraja Chola III]] at Tellaru in 1231 CE by Kopperunchinga, [[Vira Narasimha II]] intervened decisively against the Kadava-Pandiyan alliance by sending an army under his generals Appanna and Goppayya. Kopperunchinga was defeated and | In 1225 CE Sundara Pandyan defeated and drove away a company of Odda ([[Odia_people|Oriya]]) Soldiers who had invaded the Chola heartland and occupied [[Srirangam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.srirangaminfo.com/Srirangam-Temple-Sanctuary.php|title = Srirangam Temple Sanctuary}}</ref> He allied himself with the [[Kadava]] chieftain [[Kopperunchinga I]] against the Cholas and Hoysalas. After the defeat and capture of [[Rajaraja Chola III]] at Tellaru in 1231 CE by Kopperunchinga, [[Vira Narasimha II]] intervened decisively against the Kadava-Pandiyan alliance by sending an army under his generals Appanna and Goppayya. Kopperunchinga was defeated and Raja Raja Chola III was restored to Chola throne in 1231 CE. While his generals were moving against Kopperrunchinga, Narasimha himself defeated Sundara Pandiyan at Mahendramangalam on the banks of [[Kaveri]] in 1231 CE. Sundara Pandyan had to acquiesce in the restoration of Raja Raja.<ref>KA Nilakanta Sastri, p195</ref> After Mahendramangalam, peace was made between the warring Chola, Hoysala, Kadava and Pandyan kingdoms and sealed by dynastic marriages. | ||
==Legacy and titles== | ==Legacy and titles== | ||