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{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} | ||
[[File:Srinivasa Perumal idols with flowers.jpg|thumbnail|right| | [[File:Srinivasa Perumal idols with flowers.jpg|thumbnail|right|Kesava Perumal idols with flowers, [[Mylapore]], [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]].]] | ||
'''Perumal''' ({{lang-ta|பெருமாள் }}) or '''Thirumal''' ({{lang-ta|திருமால்}}), also known as ''Mal'' or ''Mayon'' literally refers to a deity of "black complexion". | '''Perumal''' ({{lang-ta|பெருமாள் }}) or '''Thirumal''' ({{lang-ta|திருமால்}}), also known as ''Mal'' or ''Mayon'' literally refers to a deity of "black complexion". Thirumal is worshipped mainly among [[Tamil Hindus]] in [[South India]], [[Sri Lanka]] and the [[Tamil diaspora]], who consider ''Thirumal'' to be the true name of Śrī [[Vishnu]]. | ||
Some of the earliest known mention of Tirumal, and Tamil devotional poems to him, are found in ''[[Paripāṭal]]'' – the [[Sangam literature|Sangam era]] poetic anthology.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kamil Zvelebil|title=The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=degUAAAAIAAJ|year=1973|publisher=BRILL Academic|isbn=90-04-03591-5|page=124}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=V.N. Muthukumar|author2=Elizabeth Rani Segran|title=The River Speaks: The Vaiyai Poems from the Paripatal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnwruNVgFUkC |year=2012|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-81-8475-694-4|pages=1–7}}</ref> He is a popular [[Hinduism|Hindu]] deity particularly among [[Tamils]] in [[Tamil Nadu]] and the [[Tamil diaspora]], and in [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnava]] temples.<ref>{{Cite book|url= | Some of the earliest known mention of Tirumal, and Tamil devotional poems to him, are found in ''[[Paripāṭal]]'' – the [[Sangam literature|Sangam era]] poetic anthology.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kamil Zvelebil|title=The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=degUAAAAIAAJ|year=1973|publisher=BRILL Academic|isbn=90-04-03591-5|page=124}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=V.N. Muthukumar|author2=Elizabeth Rani Segran|title=The River Speaks: The Vaiyai Poems from the Paripatal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnwruNVgFUkC |year=2012|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-81-8475-694-4|pages=1–7}}</ref> He is a popular [[Hinduism|Hindu]] deity particularly among [[Tamils]] in [[Tamil Nadu]] and the [[Tamil diaspora]], and in [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnava]] temples.<ref>{{Cite book|url= | ||
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Of the 108 [[Divyadesam]]s according to the [[Alwar]] Saints, 106 of which are in the Earthly Realm.Prominent among these Divyadesams are: | Of the 108 [[Divyadesam]]s according to the [[Alwar]] Saints, 106 of which are in the Earthly Realm.Prominent among these Divyadesams are: | ||
* Sri Navamukundan Temple in Thirunavaya,Kerala,India | * Sri Navamukundan Temple in Thirunavaya, Kerala, India | ||
* Sri [[Padmanabhaswamy Temple|Ananthapadmanabhaswamy Temple]] in Thiruvananthapuram,Kerala, India | * Sri [[Ranganathaswamy Temple, thiruvarangam kallakurichi india | ||
* Sri [[Varadharaja Perumal Temple, Kanchipuram|Varadaraja Perumal temple]] in Kanchipuram, | * Sri [[Padmanabhaswamy Temple|Ananthapadmanabhaswamy Temple]] in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India | ||
* Sri [[Thirupalkadal Sreekrishnaswamy Temple|Thirupalkadal temple]] in [[Keezhperoor]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]],Kerala, India | * Sri [[Varadharaja Perumal Temple, Kanchipuram|Varadaraja Perumal temple]] in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India | ||
* Sri [[Uppiliappan temple|Oppiliappan Perumal Temple]] near Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu India | * Sri [[Thirupalkadal Sreekrishnaswamy Temple|Thirupalkadal temple]] in [[Keezhperoor]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], Kerala, India | ||
* Sri [[Uppiliappan temple|Oppiliappan Perumal Temple]] near Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India | |||
* Sri Narashima Perumal Temple in Ahobilam, India | * Sri Narashima Perumal Temple in Ahobilam, India | ||
* Sri [[Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam|Ranganathaswamy Temple]] in Srirangam, India | * Sri [[Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam|Ranganathaswamy Temple]] in Srirangam, India | ||
* Sri [[Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam|Ranganathaswamy Temple]] in Nellore, Andhra | * Sri [[Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam|Ranganathaswamy Temple]] in Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India | ||
* Thirumaliruncholai ([[Kallazhagar Temple]]) in Madurai, India | * Thirumaliruncholai ([[Kallazhagar Temple]]) in Madurai, India | ||
* Thiruvengadam ([[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala|Sri Venkateswara Temple]]), in Tirupathi, India | * Thiruvengadam ([[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala|Sri Venkateswara Temple]]), in Tirupathi, India | ||
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* Sri Vinavaraya Perumal Temple, in Ambattur, Chennai, India | * Sri Vinavaraya Perumal Temple, in Ambattur, Chennai, India | ||
*Sri Santhana Srinivasa Perumal Kovil, in Mogappair, Chennai, India | *Sri Santhana Srinivasa Perumal Kovil, in Mogappair, Chennai, India | ||
*Udumalai Tirupathi,Dhali | *Udumalai Tirupathi, Dhali Road, Udumalpet, India | ||
===Sri Lanka=== | ===Sri Lanka=== | ||