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Punjab Legislative Council (British India): Difference between revisions
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{{More references|date=December 2009}} | {{More references|date=December 2009}} | ||
The '''Punjab Legislative Council''' was the [[legislature]] of the province of [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]] in [[British India]]. Established by British authorities under [[Government of India Act 1919]], the council had nominal powers and a membership of mainly pro-British politicians and government officials. Voting was largely boycotted until the [[Government of India Act 1935]] increased representation and the powers of the assembly. | The '''Punjab Legislative Council''' was the [[legislature]] of the province of [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]] in [[British India]]. Established by British authorities under [[Government of India Act 1919]], the council had nominal powers and a membership of mainly pro-British politicians and government officials. Voting was largely boycotted until the [[Government of India Act 1935]] increased representation and the powers of the assembly. | ||
{{Infobox legislature | {{Infobox legislature | ||
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}} | }} | ||
The [[First World War]] gave the momentum to the growing demand for self-government in [[British India]]. Therefore, the new constitutional reforms, under the [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms]] were introduced by British Government. The scheme was implemented through the [[Government of India Act 1919]]. The first Council was constituted on 8 January 1921 for the first time. The election for first Council was held in December 1920. 71 members were elected and 22 were nominated by [[List of governors of Punjab (British India)|Governor]] and the last election held in 1930 and the council disbanded in 1936<ref>The Punjab Parliamentarians 1897-2013, Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Lahore - Pakistan, 2015</ref> | The [[First World War]] gave the momentum to the growing demand for self-government in [[British India]]. Therefore, the new constitutional reforms, under the [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms]] were introduced by British Government. The scheme was implemented through the [[Government of India Act 1919]]. The first Council was constituted on 8 January 1921 for the first time. The election for first Council was held in December 1920. 71 members were elected and 22 were nominated by [[List of governors of Punjab (British India)|Governor]] and the last election held in 1930 and the council disbanded in 1936<ref>The Punjab Parliamentarians 1897-2013, Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Lahore - Pakistan, 2015</ref> | ||
==Presidents== | ==Presidents== | ||
'''Color key for the Party of President''' | '''Color key for the Party of President''' | ||
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!S. No. | !S. No. | ||
!Name | !Name | ||
!colspan=2|Party | !colspan=2|Party | ||
!colspan=2|Tenure | !colspan=2|Tenure | ||
| Line 75: | Line 75: | ||
!1 | !1 | ||
|[[Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler]] | |[[Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler]] | ||
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD rowspan=3| | |bgcolor=#DDDDDD rowspan=3| | ||
|rowspan=3|Non-Partisan | |rowspan=3|Non-Partisan | ||
| Line 84: | Line 83: | ||
!rowspan=2|2 | !rowspan=2|2 | ||
|rowspan=2|[[Herbert Alexander Casson]] | |rowspan=2|[[Herbert Alexander Casson]] | ||
|10 May 1922 | |10 May 1922 | ||
|27 October 1923 | |27 October 1923 | ||
| Line 94: | Line 92: | ||
!3 | !3 | ||
|[[Abdul Qadir (Muslim leader)|Abdul Qadir]] | |[[Abdul Qadir (Muslim leader)|Abdul Qadir]] | ||
|bgcolor=blue rowspan=5| | |bgcolor=blue rowspan=5| | ||
|rowspan=5|Unionist Party | |rowspan=5|Unionist Party | ||
| Line 102: | Line 99: | ||
!rowspan=3|4 | !rowspan=3|4 | ||
|rowspan=3|[[Shahab-ud-Din Virk]] | |rowspan=3|[[Shahab-ud-Din Virk]] | ||
|3 December 1925 | |3 December 1925 | ||
|27 October 1926 | |27 October 1926 | ||
| Line 116: | Line 112: | ||
!5 | !5 | ||
|[[Chottu Ram]] | |[[Chottu Ram]] | ||
|20 October 1936 | |20 October 1936 | ||
|10 November 1936 | |10 November 1936 | ||
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{{Main|1920 Punjab Legislative Council election}} | {{Main|1920 Punjab Legislative Council election}} | ||
[[File:Members of First Punjab Legislative Council.jpg|thumb|Group Photo of Members of First Punjab Legislative Council.]] | [[File:Members of First Punjab Legislative Council.jpg|thumb|Group Photo of Members of First Punjab Legislative Council.]] | ||
The first Punjab Legislative Council was formed in 1921 | The first Punjab Legislative Council was formed in 1921 for a three-year term. The Council had 93 members, seventy per cent of whom were elected and rest nominated.<ref name="Pre Punjab First synopsis">{{cite web |title=Pre Punjab First synopsis |url=http://papmis.pitb.gov.pk/en/members/past-members/punjab-legislative-council-1921-to-1936/pre-punjab-first-synopsis |website=papmis.pitb.gov.pk |accessdate=10 October 2020}}</ref> | ||
An elected president presided over meetings of the Council. The first Punjab Legislative Council held 98 meetings between 8 January 1921 and 27 October 1923.<ref name="Pre Punjab First synopsis"/> | An elected president presided over meetings of the Council. The first Punjab Legislative Council held 98 meetings between 8 January 1921 and 27 October 1923.<ref name="Pre Punjab First synopsis"/> | ||
| Line 221: | Line 216: | ||
*Manohar Lal ''(Punjab University) — Minister for Education'' | *Manohar Lal ''(Punjab University) — Minister for Education'' | ||
*Feroz Khan Noon ''(Shahpur East — Muhammadan, Rural) — Minister for Local Self-Government'' | *Feroz Khan Noon ''(Shahpur East — Muhammadan, Rural) — Minister for Local Self-Government'' | ||
*Chhotu Ram ''(Hissar — Non-Muhammadan, Rural)' | *Chhotu Ram ''(Hissar — Non-Muhammadan, Rural)'' | ||
*Sir Jogendra Singh ''(Sikh Landholders) — Minister for Agriculture'' | *Sir Jogendra Singh ''(Sikh Landholders) — Minister for Agriculture'' | ||
*Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk ''(President)'' | *Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk ''(President)'' | ||
==Fourth Council== | ==Fourth Council== | ||
{{Main|1930 Punjab Legislative Council election}} | |||
[[File:Members of Fourth Punjab Legislative Council.jpg|thumb|Group photo of Members of Fourth Punjab Legislative Council.]] | [[File:Members of Fourth Punjab Legislative Council.jpg|thumb|Group photo of Members of Fourth Punjab Legislative Council.]] | ||
The fourth and the last Legislative Council was constituted on 25 October 1930 and held 197 meetings until it was dissolved on 17 November 1935.<ref name="Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis">{{cite web |title=Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis |url=http://papmis.pitb.gov.pk/en/members/past-members/punjab-legislative-council-1921-to-1936/pre-punjab-fourth-synopsis |website=papmis.pitb.gov.pk |accessdate=10 October 2020}}</ref> Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk was reelected unopposed as President for a third term. He resigned when he was appointmed Minister for Education and was succeeded by [[Sir Chhotu Ram]].<ref name="Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis"/> | The fourth and the last Legislative Council was constituted on 25 October 1930 and held 197 meetings until it was dissolved on 17 November 1935.<ref name="Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis">{{cite web |title=Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis |url=http://papmis.pitb.gov.pk/en/members/past-members/punjab-legislative-council-1921-to-1936/pre-punjab-fourth-synopsis |website=papmis.pitb.gov.pk |accessdate=10 October 2020}}</ref> Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk was reelected unopposed as President for a third term. He resigned when he was appointmed Minister for Education and was succeeded by [[Sir Chhotu Ram]].<ref name="Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis"/> | ||
| Line 240: | Line 236: | ||
*[[Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot]] (Representative of General Interest) | *[[Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot]] (Representative of General Interest) | ||
*Feroz Khan Noon ''(Shahpur East — Muhammadan, Rural) — Minister for Education'' | *Feroz Khan Noon ''(Shahpur East — Muhammadan, Rural) — Minister for Education'' | ||
*Chhotu Ram ''(President)' | *Chhotu Ram ''(President)'' | ||
*Sir Jogendra Singh ''(Sikh, Landholders — Minister for Agriculture)'' | *Sir Jogendra Singh ''(Sikh, Landholders — Minister for Agriculture)'' | ||
*Arjan Singh ''(Sikh, MLC Hoshiarpur)'' | |||
*Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk ''(President)'' | *Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk ''(President)'' | ||
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*[[1923 Punjab Legislative Council election]] | *[[1923 Punjab Legislative Council election]] | ||
*[[1926 Punjab Legislative Council election]] | *[[1926 Punjab Legislative Council election]] | ||
*[[1930 Punjab Legislative Council election]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 04:28, 11 December 2021
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
The Punjab Legislative Council was the legislature of the province of Punjab in British India. Established by British authorities under Government of India Act 1919, the council had nominal powers and a membership of mainly pro-British politicians and government officials. Voting was largely boycotted until the Government of India Act 1935 increased representation and the powers of the assembly.
Punjab Legislative Council | |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Houses | Punjab Legislative Council |
Term limits | 3 years |
| History | |
| Founded | 8 January 1921 |
| Disbanded | 10 November 1936 |
| Preceded by | Lieutenant Governor's Council |
| Succeeded by | Punjab Provincial Assembly |
| Leadership | |
President | Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler (First) |
Chottu Ram (Last) | |
Deputy President | Mehtab Singh (First) |
Buta Singh (Last) | |
| Seats | Total-93 Elected-71 Nominated-22 |
| Elections | |
First election | 1920 |
Last election | 1930 |
| Constitution | |
| Government of India Act 1919 | |
The First World War gave the momentum to the growing demand for self-government in British India. Therefore, the new constitutional reforms, under the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms were introduced by British Government. The scheme was implemented through the Government of India Act 1919. The first Council was constituted on 8 January 1921 for the first time. The election for first Council was held in December 1920. 71 members were elected and 22 were nominated by Governor and the last election held in 1930 and the council disbanded in 1936[1]
Presidents[edit]
Color key for the Party of President
List of Presidents
| S. No. | Name | Party | Tenure | Council | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler | Non-Partisan | 8 January 1921 | 21 March 1922 | 1st | |
| 2 | Herbert Alexander Casson | 10 May 1922 | 27 October 1923 | |||
| 2 January 1924 | 16 January 1925 | 2nd | ||||
| 3 | Abdul Qadir | Unionist Party | 16 January 1925 | 4 September 1925 | ||
| 4 | Shahab-ud-Din Virk | 3 December 1925 | 27 October 1926 | |||
| 4 January 1927 | 26 July 1930 | 3rd | ||||
| 25 October 1930 | 24 July 1936 | 4th | ||||
| 5 | Chottu Ram | 20 October 1936 | 10 November 1936 | |||
Deputy President[edit]
| Council | Name | Tenure | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Mehtab Singh | 23 February 1921 | 24 October 1921 |
| Manohar Lal | 3 November 1921 | 27 October 1923 | |
| 2nd | Sheikh Abdul Qadir | 5 January 1924 | 16 January 1925 |
| Mohinder Singh | 5 March 1925 | 27 October 1926 | |
| 3rd | Buta Singh | 5 January 1927 | 21 July 1927 |
| Habibullah | 21 July 1927 | 26 July 1930 | |
| 4th | Harbaksh Singh | 8 November 1930 | 17 January 1931 |
| Buta Singh | 2 March 1931 | 10 November 1936 | |
First Council[edit]
The first Punjab Legislative Council was formed in 1921 for a three-year term. The Council had 93 members, seventy per cent of whom were elected and rest nominated.[2]
An elected president presided over meetings of the Council. The first Punjab Legislative Council held 98 meetings between 8 January 1921 and 27 October 1923.[2]
Notable members included:
- Sir Montagu Butler (President)
- Herbert Alexander Casson (President)
- Manohar Lal (Lahore — Punjab University)
- Sir Fazl-i-Husain (Elected — Muhammadan Landholders)
- Sikandar Hayat Khan (Punjabi politician) (Wah, Attock — Muhammadan, Rural)
- Sundar Singh Majithia (Ex-officio member, Member Executive Council)
- Feroz Khan Noon (Shahpur West — (Muhammadan), Rural)
- Chhotu Ram (South East Rohtak (Non-Muhammadan)
- Mian Muhammad Shahnawaz (Lahore, Lahore — Muhammadan, Rural)
Second Council[edit]
The second Legislative Council was constituted on 2 January 1924 and held 102 meetings until it was dissolved on 27 October 1926.[3]
Sir Sheikh Abdul Qadir was the first elected and the first Muslim President of this Council. He resigned in September 1925 when he was appointed Minister for Education, and was succeeded by Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk.[3]
Notable members included:
- Sir George Anderson (Director of Public Instruction, Punjab)
- Herbert Alexander Casson (President)
- Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk (President)
- Sir Sheikh Abdul Qadir (President)
- Manohar Lal (Lahore — Punjab University)
- Sir Fazl-i-Husain (Minister for Education, Revenue Member — Muhammadan Landholders)
- Sikandar Hayat Khan (Attock — Muhammadan, Rural)
- Sundar Singh Majithia (Revenue Member)
- John Maynard (Leader of the House, Finance Member)
- Jogendra Singh (Sikh Landholders, Minister for Agriculture)
- Chhotu Ram (South East Rohtak — Non-Muhammadan, Rural, Minister for Agriculture, Education)
Third Council[edit]
The third Legislative Council sat between 3 January 1927 and 26 July 1930, during which is held 111 meetings.[4] Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk was re-elected President on 4 January 1927.[4]
Notable members included:
- Sir George Anderson (Director of Public Instruction, Punjab)
- Sir Sheikh Abdul Qadir (Representative, General Interests)
- Sir Henry Craik (Finance Member Government of Punjab)
- Sir Geoffrey Fitzhervey de Montmorency (Finance Member to Government, Punjab)
- Herbert Emerson (Secretary to Government Punjab, Finance Department)
- Sir Fazl-i-Husain Revenue Member to Government Punjab
- Sir Muhammad Iqbal (Lahore City — Muhammadan, Urban)
- Sikandar Hayat Khan (Muhammadan — Landholders)
- Manohar Lal (Punjab University) — Minister for Education
- Feroz Khan Noon (Shahpur East — Muhammadan, Rural) — Minister for Local Self-Government
- Chhotu Ram (Hissar — Non-Muhammadan, Rural)
- Sir Jogendra Singh (Sikh Landholders) — Minister for Agriculture
- Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk (President)
Fourth Council[edit]
The fourth and the last Legislative Council was constituted on 25 October 1930 and held 197 meetings until it was dissolved on 17 November 1935.[5] Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk was reelected unopposed as President for a third term. He resigned when he was appointmed Minister for Education and was succeeded by Sir Chhotu Ram.[5]
Notable members included:
- Sir George Anderson (Director of Public Instruction, Punjab)
- Mazhar Ali Azhar (East and West Central Towns — Muhammadan, Urban)
- Sir Henry Craik (Finance Member to Government, Punjab)
- Mushtaq Ahmed Gurmani (Representative of General Interest)
- Sir Fazl-i-Husain Minister for Education
- Miles Irving (Finance Member, Minister Revenue previously worked as Financial Commissioner)
- Sikandar Hayat Khan (Revenue Member to Government, Punjab)
- Manohar Lal (Punjab University)
- Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot (Representative of General Interest)
- Feroz Khan Noon (Shahpur East — Muhammadan, Rural) — Minister for Education
- Chhotu Ram (President)
- Sir Jogendra Singh (Sikh, Landholders — Minister for Agriculture)
- Arjan Singh (Sikh, MLC Hoshiarpur)
- Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk (President)
See also[edit]
- 1920 Punjab Legislative Council election
- 1923 Punjab Legislative Council election
- 1926 Punjab Legislative Council election
- 1930 Punjab Legislative Council election
References[edit]
- ↑ The Punjab Parliamentarians 1897-2013, Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Lahore - Pakistan, 2015
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Pre Punjab First synopsis". papmis.pitb.gov.pk. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Pre Punjab Second Synopsis". papmis.pitb.gov.pk. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Pre Punjab Third synopsis". papmis.pitb.gov.pk. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Pre Punjab Fourth synopsis". papmis.pitb.gov.pk. Retrieved 10 October 2020.