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Siege of Mandsaur: Difference between revisions
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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}} | {{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}} | ||
{{Infobox military conflict | {{Infobox military conflict | ||
|conflict=Invasion of Mewar | | conflict = Invasion of Mewar | ||
|partof=Mewar-Gujarat wars | | partof = Mewar-Gujarat wars | ||
|image= Dashpur Fort.jpg|thumb|Mandsaur or Dashpur Fort | | image = Dashpur Fort.jpg|thumb|Mandsaur or Dashpur Fort | ||
|caption= Mandsaur Fort | | caption = Mandsaur Fort | ||
|date=1520 | | date = December 1520 | ||
|place= [[Mandsaur]], Borders of Mewar, India | | place = [[Mandsaur]], Borders of Mewar, India | ||
|result=Rajput victory | | result = [[#Aftermath|Rajput victory]] | ||
|territory= | | territory = | ||
|combatant1=[[File:Mewar.svg|25px]][[Rajput|Rajput | | combatant1 = [[File:Mewar.svg|25px]][[Rajput|Rajput Confederacy]] | ||
|combatant2=[[Gujarat Sultanate]]<br/>[[Malwa Sultanate]] | | combatant2 = [[File:Flag of the Gujarat Sultanate.svg|25px]] [[Gujarat Sultanate]]<br/>[[Malwa Sultanate]] | ||
|commander1=[[Rana Sanga]] | | commander1 = [[Rana Sanga]]<br/>[[Silhadi]]<br/>[[Medini Rai]]<br/>Ashok Mal{{KIA}} | ||
|commander2=Sultan Muzaffar Shah II<br/>Sultan Mahmud | | commander2 = [[Sultan]] [[Muzaffar Shah II]]<br/>[[Sultan]] [[Mahmud Khilji]]<br/>Nizam-ul-Mulk<br/>[[Malik Ayaz]]<br/>Taj Khan<br/>Shuja-ul-Mulk | ||
|strength1=80,000 to 100,000 [[Rajputs]].{{sfn|Chaube|1975|pp=149-151}} | | strength1 = 80,000 to 100,000 [[Rajputs]].{{sfn|Chaube|1975|pp=149-151}} | ||
|strength2=120,000 Cavalry<ref>Bayleys Gujarat pg 271</ref><br/> 120 elephants<ref>Bayleys Gujarat pg 271</ref><br/>thousands of men from Malwa | | strength2 = 120,000 Cavalry<ref>Bayleys Gujarat pg 271</ref><br/> 120 elephants<ref>Bayleys Gujarat pg 271</ref><br/>thousands of men from Malwa | ||
}} | }} | ||
The Sultan of Gujarat left [[Champaner|Muhammadabad]] (modern day [[Champaner]]) and returned to his capital after | The '''Siege of Mandsaur''' was a siege laid by [[Rajput|Rajput Confederacy]] forces under [[Rana Sanga]] against [[Gujarat Sultanate]] and [[Malwa Sultanate]]. The Sultan of Gujarat left [[Champaner|Muhammadabad]] (modern day [[Champaner]]) and returned to his capital after [[Rana Sanga]] had returned to [[Mewar]] after his [[Rana Sanga's invasion of Gujarat|campaign in Gujarat]]. He was grieved to see his treasuries looted and his palace destroyed and began to think of avenging his defeat. He set about preparing a large army, doubled the pay of the soldiers, and gave them a year's salary in advance.<ref>The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86</ref> | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
==Siege of Mandsaur== | ==Siege of Mandsaur== | ||
After a skirmish between 200 horsemen under Shuja-ul-mulk and others, and some [[Rajput]]s in the hills, the Sultan's army advanced and invested the fort of [[Mandsaur]] in Malwa, then in the Maharana's possession. The governor of the fort, | After a skirmish between 200 horsemen under Shuja-ul-mulk and others, and some [[Rajput]]s in the hills, the Sultan's army advanced and invested the fort of [[Mandsaur]] in Malwa, then in the Maharana's possession. The governor of the fort, Ashok Mal, was killed but the fort did not fall. The Maharana left [[Chitor]] with a Gallant army estimated around 80,000 to 100,000 [[Rajputs]] and arrived at the village of [[Nandsa]], 12 [[Kos (unit)|kos]] ( ~ 24 miles) from Mandsaur.{{sfn|Chaube|1975|pp=149}} | ||
In the meantime, Sultan Mahmud Khilji of [[Malwa]] arrived from [[Mandu, Madhya Pradesh|Mandu]] to assist the Gujarat forces to repay the debt he owed to Muzaffar Shah. The siege was pressed but no progress | In the meantime, [[Mahmud Khalji|Sultan Mahmud Khilji]] of [[Malwa]] arrived from [[Mandu, Madhya Pradesh|Mandu]] to assist the Gujarat forces to repay the debt he owed to [[Muzaffar Shah II]]. The siege was pressed but no progress made. Sanga was joined by his trusted Vassals [[Medini Rai]] (then ruler of Malwa) and Raja [[Silhadi]], the [[Tomar]] Rajput Chief of [[Raisen]] and Sarangpur with 15,000 Rajput forces each .{{sfn|Chaube|1975|pp=122,150-152}} The Mirati Sikandari says that "all the Rajas of the country round, went to the support of the Rana. Thus on both sides enormous forces were assembled. But the enterprise of Malik Ayaz did not advance in consequence of the ill-feeling entertained against him by the Amirs No progress was made in the siege of the fort."<ref>The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86</ref> | ||
==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
[[Category:History of Rajasthan]] | [[Category:History of Rajasthan]] | ||
[[Category:Battles involving the Rajputs]] | [[Category:Battles involving the Rajputs|Mandsaur]] | ||
[[Category:Conflicts in 1520|Mandsaur]] | |||
Latest revision as of 14:18, 27 June 2022
| Invasion of Mewar | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Mewar-Gujarat wars | |||||||
 Mandsaur Fort | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Rajput Confederacy |
 Gujarat SultanateMalwa Sultanate | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Rana Sanga Silhadi Medini Rai Ashok Mal † |
Sultan Muzaffar Shah II Sultan Mahmud Khilji Nizam-ul-Mulk Malik Ayaz Taj Khan Shuja-ul-Mulk | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 80,000 to 100,000 Rajputs.[1] |
120,000 Cavalry[2] 120 elephants[3] thousands of men from Malwa | ||||||
The Siege of Mandsaur was a siege laid by Rajput Confederacy forces under Rana Sanga against Gujarat Sultanate and Malwa Sultanate. The Sultan of Gujarat left Muhammadabad (modern day Champaner) and returned to his capital after Rana Sanga had returned to Mewar after his campaign in Gujarat. He was grieved to see his treasuries looted and his palace destroyed and began to think of avenging his defeat. He set about preparing a large army, doubled the pay of the soldiers, and gave them a year's salary in advance.[4]
Background[edit]
At last in Muharrum H. 927, December A.D. 1520, the Sultan sent Malik Ayaz with an army of 100,000 cavalry, 100 elephants against Mewar. Another army, consisting of 20,000 horse and 20 elephants was sent under Qiwam-ulmulk to co-operate with Malik Ayaz. Both these armies marched to Modasa. While they were encamped there, the Sultan, according to the Tabqati Akbari, sent reinforcements under Taj Khan and Nizamul-mulk. The Sultans army ravaged Dungarpur and advanced towards Banswara.[5]
Siege of Mandsaur[edit]
After a skirmish between 200 horsemen under Shuja-ul-mulk and others, and some Rajputs in the hills, the Sultan's army advanced and invested the fort of Mandsaur in Malwa, then in the Maharana's possession. The governor of the fort, Ashok Mal, was killed but the fort did not fall. The Maharana left Chitor with a Gallant army estimated around 80,000 to 100,000 Rajputs and arrived at the village of Nandsa, 12 kos ( ~ 24 miles) from Mandsaur.[6] In the meantime, Sultan Mahmud Khilji of Malwa arrived from Mandu to assist the Gujarat forces to repay the debt he owed to Muzaffar Shah II. The siege was pressed but no progress made. Sanga was joined by his trusted Vassals Medini Rai (then ruler of Malwa) and Raja Silhadi, the Tomar Rajput Chief of Raisen and Sarangpur with 15,000 Rajput forces each .[7] The Mirati Sikandari says that "all the Rajas of the country round, went to the support of the Rana. Thus on both sides enormous forces were assembled. But the enterprise of Malik Ayaz did not advance in consequence of the ill-feeling entertained against him by the Amirs No progress was made in the siege of the fort."[8]
Aftermath[edit]
Malik Ayaz foreseeing the ruin of his forces in the prolongation of the struggle made peace and fell back on Khiljipur, and eventually retreated to Gujarat.[9] The Sultan is said to have received Malik Ayaz coldly when the latter waited on him at Chapaneri. The Mirati Sikandari says that not only was the Sultan very cold to Ayaz, but that all the people of Gujarat called him a coward.[10]
References[edit]
- ↑ Chaube 1975, pp. 149-151.
- ↑ Bayleys Gujarat pg 271
- ↑ Bayleys Gujarat pg 271
- ↑ The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86
- ↑ The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86
- ↑ Chaube 1975, pp. 149.
- ↑ Chaube 1975, pp. 122,150-152.
- ↑ The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86
- ↑ The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86
- ↑ Bayleys Gujarat pg 275
Bibliography[edit]
- Chaube, J. (1975). History of Gujarat Kingdom, 1458-1537. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.