imported>Ira Leviton |
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| [[File:Bangalore Shiva.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Shiva, the deity to which the poem is devoted]] | | [[File:Bangalore Shiva.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Shiva, the deity to which the poem is devoted]] |
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| '''''Shiv Chalisa''''' ([[Hindi language|Hindi]]: शिव चालीसा, literally Forty {{transl|hi|[[Chaupai (poetry)|chaupais]]}} on [[Shiva]]) is a devotional stotra dedicated to [[Hindu]] [[deity]], Lord [[Shiva]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Chaturvedi|first=B. K. |title=The Hymns And Orisions Of Lord Shankar|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N6-VttFFXT4C&q=Shiva+Chalisa&pg=PA63|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books|isbn=81-7182-169-3|page=63|chapter=5. Shree Shiv Chalisa}}</ref> Adapted from the ''[[Shiva Purana]]'', it consists of 40 (chalis) {{transl|hi|chaupais]]}} (verses) and recited daily or on special festivals like ''[[Maha Shivaratri]]'' by [[Shivaite]]s, and worshippers of Shiva.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jha |first=Makhan |title=Anthropology of ancient Hindu kingdoms: a study in civilizational perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&q=Shiva+Chalisa&pg=PA39|year=1997|publisher=M.D. Publications|isbn=81-7533-034-1|page=39}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Pattanaik |first=Devdutt |author-link=Devdutt Pattanaik |title=Shiva: an introduction|year=1997|publisher=Vakils, Feffer and Simons Ltd|page=104}}</ref> | | '''''Shiv Chalisa''''' ([[Hindi language|Hindi]]: शिव चालीसा, literally Forty {{transl|hi|[[Chaupai (poetry)|chaupais]]}} on [[Shiva]]) is a devotional ''[[stotra]]'' dedicated to [[Hindu]] [[deity]] Lord [[Shiva]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Chaturvedi|first=B. K. |title=The Hymns And Orisions Of Lord Shankar|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N6-VttFFXT4C&q=Shiva+Chalisa&pg=PA63|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books|isbn=81-7182-169-3|page=63|chapter=5. Shree Shiv Chalisa}}</ref> Adapted from the ''[[Shiva Purana]]'', it consists of 40 (chalis) {{transl|hi|chaupais}} (verses) and recited daily or on special festivals like ''[[Maha Shivaratri]]'' by [[Shivaite]]s, and worshippers of Shiva.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jha |first=Makhan |title=Anthropology of ancient Hindu kingdoms: a study in civilizational perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&q=Shiva+Chalisa&pg=PA39|year=1997|publisher=M.D. Publications|isbn=81-7533-034-1|page=39}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Pattanaik |first=Devdutt |author-link=Devdutt Pattanaik |title=Shiva: an introduction|year=1997|publisher=Vakils, Feffer and Simons Ltd|page=104}}</ref> |
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| ==Shiva==
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| [[Shiva]] is a major Hindu deity and is considered to be the Destroyer or the Transformer of the [[Trimurti]]. Shiva is usually worshipped in the abstract form of Shiva linga. In images, he is generally in deep meditation or dancing the [[Tandava]]. Lord Mahesh or Shiva, one of the Hindu Trimurti, is the Destroyer. He represents the form of Sada Shiva, the creator of the universe. His attributes represent victory over the demonic activity and calmness of human nature. According to Linga Purana and Shiv Mahapuran, he is the creator of the universe and the father of Brahma, Vishnu, and Rudra. He is Nirguna i.e. free from nature and most powerful.
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| ==Overview==
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| Lord Shiva is the [[Hindu Trinity]] of the primary aspects of the divine which have dominion over death and destruction. He appears in a meditating but ever-happy posture having matted hair which holds the flowing [[Ganges]] river and a crescent moon, a serpent coiled around his neck, a [[Trident]] (Trishul) in his one hand, and ashes all over his body. He is known as the "giver" god. His vehicle is a bull (symbol of happiness and strength) named [[Nandi (cow)|Nandi]].
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| Shiva-[[Linga]], a sign of the Lord, is adored instead of him. Shiva is also considered the greatest of the [[yogis]], the lord of [[meditation]], and the lord of all that is in [[Hinduism|Hindu]] practices. Legend has it that the holy river Ganges (or Ganga) is in fact a representation of Lord Shiva's long hair.
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| Some texts refer to the five letters as the forms of Shiva - Nagendra (one who wears a garland of snakes), Ma-ndakini Salila (one who is bathed by the water of the Ganges), Shi (the supreme Lord), Va-shisha (one who is praised by the sages like Vashishta), and Ya-ksha (one who takes the form of Yaksha). The [[Om Namah Shivaya]] mantra or chant consists of six syllables - om, na, mah, shi, vaa, ya. The Shiv Chalisa is 40 {{transl|hi|[[Chaupai (poetry)|chaupais]]}} (verses) is written in praise of Lord Shiva.
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| == See also == | |
| * ''[[Hanuman Chalisa]]'', Hindu devotional hymn | | * ''[[Hanuman Chalisa]]'', Hindu devotional hymn |
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