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'''Ghodbunder Fort''' is a fort located in '''Ghodbunder Village''', [[Thane]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]], on the hill just south of the [[Ulhas River]]. It was built by the Portuguese, occupied by the [[Maratha Empire]], and became the [[East India Company]]'s district headquarters. The place was called Ghodbunder because it was where the Portuguese used to trade for ghode (horses) with the Arabs. Hence the name Ghodbunder: ghode (horses) & bunder (port). | '''Ghodbunder Fort''' is a fort located in '''Ghodbunder Village''', [[Thane]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]], on the hill just south of the [[Ulhas River]]. It was built by the Portuguese, occupied by the [[Maratha Empire]], and became the [[East India Company]]'s district headquarters. The place was called Ghodbunder because it was where the Portuguese used to trade for ghode (horses) with the Arabs. Hence the name Ghodbunder: ghode (horses) & bunder (port). | ||
In 1530 the Portuguese came to Thane, and they began fortifying the hill area about 1550, but completion of the fort in its current form was in 1730. The Portuguese name for the fort was Cacabe de Tanna. It was under Portuguese rule until 1737. The Portuguese built a church in the fort that still stands,<ref name="charm">{{cite book|last=Karkari |first=R.P.|title=The Charm of Bombay |publisher=READ BOOKS|year=2008|pages=423|isbn=1-4097-9294- | In 1530 the Portuguese came to Thane, and they began fortifying the hill area about 1550, but completion of the fort in its current form was in 1730. The Portuguese name for the fort was Cacabe de Tanna. It was under Portuguese rule until 1737. The Portuguese built a church in the fort that still stands,<ref name="charm">{{cite book|last=Karkari |first=R.P.|title=The Charm of Bombay |publisher=READ BOOKS|year=2008|pages=423|isbn=978-1-4097-9294-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7NRZidhAnEC&dq=Ghodbunder+fort&pg=PA423|access-date=27 March 2009}}</ref> and is now used as a hotel. Two angels engraved on the inside wall of the church still remains. The old church can be seen clearly in the background of the courtyard photo. | ||
There are many old maps and texts which mention continual attempts by the Marathas to capture this fort. The Portuguese were able to defend Ghodbunder Fort from these attacks successfully for many years,<ref name="midday ">{{cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2007/dec/799975.htm|title=Mid-day|last=Ashar|first=Hemal|date=2007-12-03|access-date=2009-03-30}}</ref> including the attack in 1672 by the forces of [[Shivaji]]. However, the Marathas under [[Chimnaji Appa]] successfully besieged the fort and took it over from the Portuguese in 1737.<ref name="midday " /><ref name="inc">{{cite web|title=Incredible India: Places to Visit | There are many old maps and texts which mention continual attempts by the Marathas to capture this fort. The Portuguese were able to defend Ghodbunder Fort from these attacks successfully for many years,<ref name="midday ">{{cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2007/dec/799975.htm|title=Mid-day|last=Ashar|first=Hemal|date=2007-12-03|access-date=2009-03-30}}</ref> including the attack in 1672 by the powerful forces of Chhatrapati [[Shivaji]] Maharaj.However, the Marathas under [[Chimnaji Appa]] successfully besieged the fort and took it over from the Portuguese in 1737.<ref name="midday " /><ref name="inc">{{cite web|title=Incredible India: Places to Visit Maharashtra: Ghodbunder (43 Km.)|url=http://www.incredibleindia.org/newsite/cms_page.asp?pageid=1321|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014060655/http://incredibleindia.org/newsite/cms_page.asp?pageid=1321|archive-date=14 October 2007|url-status=live}}</ref> Following its capture, [[Sambhaji]] ordered the strengthening of the fortifications, initiating the construction of the tower.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} | ||
In 1818, the British occupied the fort and made it the headquarters of the district administration for the [[Company rule in India|East Indian Company]], with a district collector stationed in Thane.<ref name="cyber">{{cite news|title=History becomes mystery|last=Rao|first=Shilpa|date=17 May 2007|url=http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|archive-url=https://archive. | In 1818, the British occupied the fort and made it the headquarters of the district administration for the [[Company rule in India|East Indian Company]], with a district collector stationed in Thane.<ref name="cyber">{{cite news|title=History becomes mystery|last=Rao|first=Shilpa|date=17 May 2007|url=http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070808020334/http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 August 2007}}</ref> | ||
Although the fort currently lies in ruins, the government of India has started its renovation.<ref name="Mehta">{{Cite news|author=Mehta, Rajshri|title=Plans afoot to beautify ruined Ghodbunder Fort|date=31 January 2014|newspaper=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202082855/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The fort itself is under the control of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI).<ref name="Mehta" /> | Although the fort currently lies in ruins, the government of India has started its renovation.<ref name="Mehta">{{Cite news|author=Mehta, Rajshri|title=Plans afoot to beautify ruined Ghodbunder Fort|date=31 January 2014|newspaper=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202082855/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The fort itself is under the control of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI).<ref name="Mehta" /> | ||