Chach of Aror: Difference between revisions

| name = Chach

| succession = [[Maharaja]] of [[Sindh]]

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| reign =   631-671

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| predecessor = Rai Sahasi (Sinhasena)

| successor = [[Chandra (Chach Nama)|Chandar]]

| spouse =  

| issue = [[Raja Dahir|Dahir]]

| full name =

| founder of = [[Chach dynasty]]

| religion = [[Hinduism]]

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| mother =  

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'''Chach''' (c. 631-671 CE) ({{lang-sd|<big>چچ</big>}})<ref name="Wink pg. 153">Wink, André. (1991). [https://books.google.com/books?id=bCVyhH5VDjAC&pg=PA153&lpg=PA153&dq=chach+632&source=bl&ots=Q-4LNrHSki&sig=ZZ4-8zT93X3JS3gWS15W95vW8YE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAmoVChMI-azT6_7OxwIVTHKOCh3fmQsJ#v=onepage&q=chach%20632&f=false ''Al- Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: The slave kings and the Islamic conquest''. 2, p. 153]. Leiden: Brill.</ref> was a [[Hindu]] [[Brahmin]] king of [[Sindh]] region of the [[Indian subcontinent]] in the mid-7th century CE. Chach expanded the kingdom of Sindh, and his successful efforts to subjugate surrounding monarchies and ethnic groups into an empire covering the entire Indus valley and beyond were recorded in the ''[[Chach Nama]]''.

Chach was a [[Arora]] [[Brahmin]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=MacLean|first=Derryl N.|title=Religion and Society in Arab Sind|publisher=BRILL|year=1989|isbn=9004085513}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rOVpOG6MPMcC&dq | History of Ancient India By Rama Shankar Tripathi,Motilal Banarsidass Publications,Page 337]</ref> who rose to a position of influence under [[Rai Sahiras II]], king of Sindh and a member of the [[Rai dynasty]]. Chach was the chamberlain<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Raj|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=e8o5HyC0-FUC&pg=PA177&lpg=PA177&dq=Chach+became+minister+of+king+Rai+sahasi&source=bl&ots=PEZIeX9Wrb&sig=ACfU3U0K29PE7PWH-cXQ9LK3HLOlm9hDNw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiAuNL5s93wAhXzmFwKHQlKCh4Q6AEwFXoECA4QAg#v=onepage&q=Chach%20became%20minister%20of%20king%20Rai%20sahasi&f=false|title=Encyclopaedia of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval and Modern|date=2008|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7835-664-8|language=en}}</ref> to the King. According to the Chachnama, the last Rai emperor, [[Rai Sahasi II]], died through illness without issue. By that time, Chach was in complete control of the affairs of the kingdom and had developed illicit sexual relations with Sahasi's wife (queen [[Rai dynasty|Rani Suhanadi]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rai sahasi II|url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rai_Sahasi_II|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=July 2021}} When Rai Sahasi II was near death, Suhanadi explained to Chach that the kingdom would pass to other relatives of the dying king in the absence of any direct heir. Consequently, they hid the news of the king's death until claimants to the throne were killed through conspiracy. Following this, Chach declared himself a ruler and later married Suhandi. This ended the Rai Dynasty and began the dynasty of a Brahmin dynasty called Chach dynasty.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rai dynasty - Wikipedia|url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rai_dynasty#Demise|access-date=2021-06-03|website=en.m.wikipedia.org|language=en}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=July 2021}} He then launched a campaign against a succession of autonomous regions; he defeated his opponents along the south bank of the [[River Beas]], at Iskandah, and at Sikkah. He sacked Sikkah, killing 5,000 men and taking the remainder of its inhabitants prisoners. A significant number of these captives were enslaved, and much booty was taken. After this victory, he appointed a [[Thakur (Indian title)|thakur]] to govern from [[Multan]], and used his army to settle boundary disputes with [[Kashmir]]. Chach also conquered [[Sehwan Sharif|Siwistan]], but allowed its chief, [[Matta (chief)|Matta]], to remain as his feudatory.  

In 644, after the [[Muslim conquest of Sassanid Empire]], the [[Rashidun army]] entered [[Makran]] and defeated Sindh's army in the [[Battle of Rasil]], annexing Makran (a traditional Persian territory under control of Rai dynasty at that time) and eastern [[Balochistan (region)|Balochistan]]. Caliph [[Umar]] (634-644), however, for the time being, disapproved of any incursion beyond the [[Indus river]] and ordered his subordinates to consolidate their position west of Indus.{{cn|date=February 2017}}

== Places named after Chach ==

Several places along the [[Sindhu]] River were named after Chach; among these are Chachpur, Chachar, [[Chachro]], Chachgaon, Chachi.{{cn|date=February 2017}}

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