President of Afghanistan: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Former head of state of Afghanistan}}
{{Short description|Defunct political office in Afghanistan}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox official post
{{Infobox official post
| post           = President
| post = President
| body           = the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
| body = the Republic of Afghanistan
| native_name     = د افغانستان د اسلامي جمهوریت جمهور رئیس <br/> رئيس جمهور جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان
| native_name = د افغانستان جمهور رئیس ([[Pashto]])<br>رئیس جمهور افغانستان ([[Dari]])
| insignia       = Emblem of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg
| insignia = Emblem of Afghanistan (2004–2021).svg
| insigniasize   = 125px
| insigniasize = 125px
| insigniacaption = [[Emblem of Afghanistan|National emblem of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]
| insigniacaption = [[Emblem of Afghanistan|Emblem of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]
| flag           = Standard of the President of Afghanistan.svg
| flag = Standard of the President of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg
| flagborder     = yes
| flagborder = yes
| flagcaption     = [[Flag of Afghanistan|Presidential Standard]]
| flagcaption = [[Flag of Afghanistan|Presidential standard]]
| image           = Amrullah Saleh (4).jpg
| image =  
| incumbent      = [[Amrullah Saleh]]<ref name="Saleh caretaker president" /><br>([[Acting (law)|Acting]], [[Panjshir resistance|claimed]])
| imagesize =  
| status          =  
| imagecaption =  
| incumbentsince  = 17 August 2021
| status = Office abolished
| style          = [[The Honourable]] (Formal) <br/> [[Excellency|His Excellency]] (Diplomatic)
| residence = [[Arg, Kabul|The Arg]]
| residence      = [[Arg (Kabul)|The Arg]], [[Kabul]], [[Afghanistan]] (former)
| seat = [[Kabul]]
| appointer      =
| appointer = [[Direct election]]
| termlength     = 5 years, renewable once
| member_of = [[Cabinet of Afghanistan|Cabinet]]
| inaugural      = [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]] ([[Republic of Afghanistan|Republic]]) <br/> [[Hamid Karzai]] ([[Islamic Republic of Afghanistan|Islamic Republic]])
| termlength = 5 years, renewable once
| formation       = 17 July 1973 (Republic) <br/> 7 December 2004 (Islamic Republic)
| first = [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]]
| deputy          = [[Vice President of Afghanistan]]
| last = [[Ashraf Ghani]]
| salary          = [[List of salaries of heads of state and government|960,000 AFN per month]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wadsam.com/afghan-business-news/afghanistans-lower-house-approves-president-karzais-salary-and-expenses-amount-2323/|title=Afghanistan's lower house approves President Karzai's salary and expenses amount|work=Wadsam|date=1 June 2013|access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref>
| formation = {{indented plainlist|
| website        = {{URL|president.gov.af/en}}
* {{start date|df=y|1973|7|17}} (original)
* {{start date|df=y|2004|12|7}} (latest form)
}}
}}
{{Politics of Afghanistan}}
| abolished = {{end date|df=y|2021|8|15}}
The '''president of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan''' <!-- "president" is uncapitalized here because it is preceded by modifier "The", per [[MOS:JOBTITLES]] bullet 3 and table column 2 example 1. Any proposal for modification to the guideline should be posted at its talk page, [[WT:MOSBIO]]. --> was constitutionally the [[head of state]] and [[head of government]] of the [[Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]] (2004–2021) and [[Commander-in-Chief]] of the [[Afghan Armed Forces]].
| precursor = [[King of Afghanistan]]
 
| superseded_by = [[Supreme Leader of Afghanistan|Supreme Leader]]
During the [[2021 Taliban offensive]], President [[Ashraf Ghani]] fled [[Afghanistan]] to [[Tajikistan]] on 15 August 2021, precipitating the [[Fall of Kabul (2021)|fall of the capital Kabul]] to the [[Taliban]].<ref name="Husain 2021">{{cite AV media |people=Mishal Husain, Paul Adams, Malik Mudassir, Ben Wright, Jon Sopel |date=15 August 2021 |title=Taliban seize power in Afghanistan as President flees country |medium=Television production |language=en |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5yCbi4qcpk |location=[[London]] |publisher=[[BBC News]] |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/15/taliban-continues-advances-captures-key-city-of-jalalabad|title=President Ashraf Ghani leaves Afghanistan: Live|work=Al Jazeera|date=August 15, 2021|access-date=August 15, 2021}}</ref> After Ghani fled, the Taliban occupied [[Arg (Kabul)|the Arg]] (the Presidential palace).<ref name="Husain 2021"/> Two days later, First Vice President [[Amrullah Saleh]] declared himself Acting President.<ref name="Saleh caretaker president">{{cite news |last1=Landay |first1=Jonathan |last2=Macfie |first2=Nick |last3=Boyle |first3=John |title=Afghan vice president says he is "caretaker" president |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/afghan-vice-president-says-he-is-caretaker-president-2021-08-17/ |access-date=17 August 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=17 August 2021}}</ref>
| deputy = [[Vice President of Afghanistan|Vice President]]
| salary = {{currency|960000|AFN}} monthly<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wadsam.com/afghan-business-news/afghanistans-lower-house-approves-president-karzais-salary-and-expenses-amount-2323/|title=Afghanistan's lower house approves President Karzai's salary and expenses amount|work=Wadsam|date=1 June 2013|access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref>
| website = president.gov.af (inactive)<br>([https://web.archive.org/web/20210815124034/https://president.gov.af/en/ 15 August 2021 archive])
}}
The '''President of Afghanistan''' <!-- "president" is uncapitalized here because it is preceded by modifier "The", per [[MOS:JOBTITLES]] bullet 3 and table column 2 example 1. Any proposal for modification to the guideline should be posted at its talk page, [[WT:MOSBIO]]. --> was constitutionally the [[head of state]] and [[head of government]] of the [[Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]] and [[Commander-in-Chief]] of the [[Afghan Armed Forces]].


==Eligibility and selection process==
==Eligibility and selection process==
Article 62 of the [[2004 Constitution of Afghanistan]] states that a candidate for the office of President:<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://president.gov.af/en/afghan-constitution-2/ |title=The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan |publisher=[[Government of Afghanistan]] |access-date=5 February 2013}}</ref>
Article 62 of the [[2004 Constitution of Afghanistan]] stated that a candidate for the office of President had to:<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://president.gov.af/en/afghan-constitution-2/ |title=The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan |publisher=[[Government of Afghanistan]] |access-date=5 February 2013|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20180528152122/https://wadsam.com/afghan-business-news/afghanistans-lower-house-approves-president-karzais-salary-and-expenses-amount-2323/|archive-date=2018-05-28}}</ref>
* be a citizen of Afghanistan, Muslim, born of Afghan parents;
* be a citizen of Afghanistan, Muslim, born of Afghan parents;
* not be a [[multiple citizenship|citizen of another country]];
* not be a [[multiple citizenship|citizen of another country]];
* be at least forty years old when declaring candidacy;
* be at least forty years old when declaring candidacy;
* not have been convicted of [[crimes against humanity]], a criminal act or deprived of civil rights by court;
* not have been convicted of [[crimes against humanity]], a criminal act or deprived of civil rights by a court;
* not have previously served [[term limit|more than one term]] as president.
* not have previously served [[term limit|more than two terms]] as president.


==Powers==
==Powers==
The 2004 Constitution grants the president wide powers over military and legislative affairs, with a relatively weak national [[bicameral]] [[National Assembly (Afghanistan)|National Assembly]], the [[House of the People (Afghanistan)|House of the People]] (Wolesi Jirga) and the [[House of Elders (Afghanistan)|House of Elders]] (Meshrano Jirga). A president can only serve up to two five-year terms. [[Hamid Karzai]] began his first five-year term in 2004.<ref name=MeshranoJirgaMembers>
The 2004 Constitution granted the president wide powers over military and legislative affairs, with a relatively weak national [[bicameral]] [[National Assembly (Afghanistan)|National Assembly]], the [[House of the People (Afghanistan)|House of the People]] (Wolesi Jirga) and the [[House of Elders (Afghanistan)|House of Elders]] (Meshrano Jirga). A president could only serve up to two five-year terms.
 
[[Hamid Karzai]] began his first five-year term in 2004.<ref name=MeshranoJirgaMembers>
{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/04/world/asia/election-of-karzai-is-declared-official.html|title= Election of Karzai Is Declared Official|work=The New York Times|date= November 4, 2004|first=Carlotta|last=Gall |access-date=August 15, 2021}}</ref> After his second term ended in 2014, [[Ashraf Ghani]] was elected as the next Afghan president.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-29375438 |title=Ashraf Ghani sworn in as new Afghan president |work=BBC News |date=29 September 2014 |access-date=July 25, 2021}}</ref>
{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/04/world/asia/election-of-karzai-is-declared-official.html|title= Election of Karzai Is Declared Official|work=The New York Times|date= November 4, 2004|first=Carlotta|last=Gall |access-date=August 15, 2021}}</ref> After his second term ended in 2014, [[Ashraf Ghani]] was elected as the next Afghan president.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-29375438 |title=Ashraf Ghani sworn in as new Afghan president |work=BBC News |date=29 September 2014 |access-date=July 25, 2021}}</ref>


== List of presidents of Afghanistan ==
==Last election==
{{main|List of heads of state of Afghanistan#Non-monarchs}}
 
==Latest election==
{{main|2019 Afghan presidential election}}
{{main|2019 Afghan presidential election}}
{{Election results
{{Election results
|party1=[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|party1=[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|cand1=[[Ashraf Ghani]]
|cand1=[[Ashraf Ghani]]
|vp1=[[Amrullah Saleh]],<br>[[Sarwar Danish]]
|votes1=923592
|votes1=923592


|party2=[[National Coalition of Afghanistan|National Coalition]]
|party2=[[National Coalition of Afghanistan|National Coalition]]
|cand2=[[Abdullah Abdullah]]
|cand2=[[Abdullah Abdullah]]
|vp2=Enayatullah Babur Farahmand,<br>[[Asadullah Sadati]]
|votes2=720841
|votes2=720841


|party3=[[Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin|Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin]]
|party3=[[Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin]]
|cand3=[[Gulbuddin Hekmatyar]]
|cand3=[[Gulbuddin Hekmatyar]]
|votes3=70241
|votes3=70241
Line 109: Line 113:
|source=[http://www.iec.org.af/results/en/home IEC]
|source=[http://www.iec.org.af/results/en/home IEC]
}}
}}
[[File:200229-D-AP390-1529 (49603221753).jpg|thumb|[[Arg (Kabul)|The Arg]] (the Presidential palace)]]
[[File:200229-D-AP390-1529 (49603221753).jpg|thumb|[[Arg, Kabul|The Arg]] (the presidential palace)]]
 
== List of presidents ==
{{see|List of heads of state of Afghanistan#Non-monarchs}}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of heads of state of Afghanistan]]
*[[Prime Minister of Afghanistan]]
*[[Prime Minister of Afghanistan]]
*[[Chief Executive (Afghanistan)]]
*[[Chief Executive (Afghanistan)]]
== Notes ==
{{NoteFoot}}


==References==
==References==
Line 120: Line 129:
{{notelist}}
{{notelist}}


==External links==
{{-}}
*[https://president.gov.af/en Office of the President of Afghanistan] (official website)
{{Heads of state of Afghanistan}}
 
{{Heads of state and government of Asia}}


[[Category:Presidents of Afghanistan| ]]
[[Category:Presidents of Afghanistan| ]]
[[Category:1973 establishments in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:1973 establishments in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:2021 disestablishments in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Heads of state of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Heads of state of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]

Latest revision as of 04:16, 28 March 2026


President of the Republic of Afghanistan
د افغانستان جمهور رئیس (Pashto)
رئیس جمهور افغانستان (Dari)
Emblem of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Presidential standard
StatusOffice abolished
Member ofCabinet
ResidenceThe Arg
SeatKabul
AppointerDirect election
Term length5 years, renewable once
PrecursorKing of Afghanistan
Formation
  • 17 July 1973 (1973-07-17) (original)
  • 7 December 2004 (2004-12-07) (latest form)
First holderMohammed Daoud Khan
Final holderAshraf Ghani
Abolished15 August 2021 (2021-08-15)
Superseded bySupreme Leader
DeputyVice President
Salary؋960,000 monthly[1]
Websitepresident.gov.af (inactive)
(15 August 2021 archive)

The President of Afghanistan was constitutionally the head of state and head of government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and Commander-in-Chief of the Afghan Armed Forces.

Eligibility and selection process[edit | edit source]

Article 62 of the 2004 Constitution of Afghanistan stated that a candidate for the office of President had to:[2]

Powers[edit | edit source]

The 2004 Constitution granted the president wide powers over military and legislative affairs, with a relatively weak national bicameral National Assembly, the House of the People (Wolesi Jirga) and the House of Elders (Meshrano Jirga). A president could only serve up to two five-year terms.

Hamid Karzai began his first five-year term in 2004.[3] After his second term ended in 2014, Ashraf Ghani was elected as the next Afghan president.[4]

Last election[edit | edit source]

Main article: 2019 Afghan presidential election
CandidatePartyVotes%
Ashraf GhaniIndependent923,59250.64
Abdullah AbdullahNational Coalition720,84139.52
Gulbuddin HekmatyarHezb-e Islami Gulbuddin70,2413.85
Rahmatullah NabilIndependent33,9191.86
Faramarz TamannaIndependent18,0630.99
Noorullah JaliliIndependent15,5190.85
Abdul Latif PedramNational Congress Party12,6080.69
Enayatullah HafizIndependent11,3750.62
Mohammad Hakim TorsanIndependent6,5000.36
Ahmad Wali MassoudIndependent3,9420.22
Mohammad Shahab HakimiIndependent3,3180.18
Ghulam Farooq NajrabiIndependent1,6080.09
Mohammad Hanif AtmarTruth and Justice1,5670.09
Noor Rahman LewalIndependent8550.05
Total1,823,948100.00
Registered voters/turnout9,665,74518.87
Source: IEC
The Arg (the presidential palace)

List of presidents[edit | edit source]

Further information: List of heads of state of Afghanistan § Non-monarchs

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Afghanistan's lower house approves President Karzai's salary and expenses amount". Wadsam. 1 June 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  2. ↑ "The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan". Government of Afghanistan. Archived from the original on 28 May 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  3. ↑ Gall, Carlotta (4 November 2004). "Election of Karzai Is Declared Official". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  4. ↑ "Ashraf Ghani sworn in as new Afghan president". BBC News. 29 September 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2021.

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