Battle of Dewair (1582): Difference between revisions

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-{{pp-semi|small=yes}}
 {{More footnotes|date=June 2021}}
 {{Infobox military conflict
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 | date              = 16 September 1582
 | place             = Dewair, [[Rajasthan]]
-| map_type          =
+| result            = {{ubl|Mewar victory}}
-| map_relief        =
+* Surrender of 36,000 [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] troops to [[Maharana Pratap]]
-| coordinates       =
+| combatant1        = [[Kingdom of Mewar]]
-| map_size          =
-| map_marksize      =
-| map_caption       =
-| map_label         =
-| territory         =
-| result            =Dicisive Rajput Victory
-| combatants_header =
-| combatant1        = [[Mewar]]
 | combatant2        = [[Mughal Empire]]
-| commander1        = [[Maharana Pratap]]<br> [[Amar Singh I]]<br> [[Bhamashah]]
+| commander1        = [[Maharana Pratap]]<br>Shakti Singh <br>[[Amar Singh I]]<br>Rawat Krishnadas Chundawat<br>[[Bhamashah]]<br>Rana Punja
-| commander2        = Sultan Khan <br> Shahbaj Khan <br> Bahlol Khan
+| commander2        = Sultan Khan
-| strength1         =30,000 Cavalry
-| strength2         =100,000 Soldiers
-| casualties1       =12,000 soldiers Dead
-| casualties2       =55,000 Soldiers Dead <br> 36,000 Soldiers surrendered
-| notes             =
-| campaignbox       =
 }}
-==Background==
-'''Battle of Haldighati'''
-Following the [[Battle of Haldighati]], Pratap lost half of his army and [[Mughals]] captured [[Kumbhalgarh]] , [[Gogunda]] , [[Udaipur]] & Chappan. In such conditions, Pratap changed his strategy from open to guerrilla warfare and did not allow [[Mughals]] to settle and retake his lost terrirtories. To suppress Pratap, [[Akbar]] himself arrived at [[Mewar]] in September, 1576 for hunting expeditions in forests during which he [[Siege of Udaipur (1576)|occupied Udaipur]] and it's southern region called 'Wagad' and established Mughal rule in these regions. Pratap alongside his family took shelter in dense hills that time and manage to hide till May,1577 when Akbar returned to [[Fatehpur Sikri]]. Only the [[Kumbhalgarh Fort|fortress of Kumbhalgarh]] was yet unconquered thus Akbar send his general Shahbaz Khan to do so in the next year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://persian.packhum.org/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D00701020%26ct%3D0 }}</ref>
+The '''Battle of Dewair (1582)'''  was a battle fought between [[Maharana Pratap]] of Mewar and [[Army of the Mughal Empire|Mughal]] garrison of Dewair in 1582. Pratap recovered Western Mewar including Kumbhalgarh, Udaipur, and Gogunda, which were lost in [[Battle of Haldighati]]. The victory of Dewair was a crowning glory for the Maharana, with [[James Tod]] describing it as the "Marathon of Mewar". Later Pratap built a new capital, Chavand, near modern [[Dungarpur]].
-• 1577 : Shahbaz Khan
+==History==
+Following the [[Battle of Haldighati]], Pratap lost half of his army and [[Mughals]] captured [[Kumbhalgarh]] , [[Gogunda]] , [[Udaipur]] & Chappan. In such conditions, Pratap changed his strategy from open to guerrilla warfare and did not allow [[Mughals]] to settle and retake his lost territories. To suppress Pratap, [[Akbar]] himself arrived at [[Mewar]] in September 1576 for hunting expeditions in forests during which he [[Siege of Udaipur (1576)|occupied Udaipur]] and its southern region called 'Wagad' and established Mughal rule in these regions. Pratap and his family took shelter in dense hills at that time and managed to hide till May 1577 when Akbar returned to [[Fatehpur Sikri]]. Only the [[Kumbhalgarh Fort|fortress of Kumbhalgarh]] was yet unconquered thus Akbar sent his general Shahbaz Khan to do so in the next year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://persian.packhum.org/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D00701020%26ct%3D0 |title=Collection of Oriental Works}}</ref>
-• 1578 : Shahbaz Khan second time
+*1577 : Shahbaz Khan
+*1578 : Shahbaz Khan second time
+*1579 : Again Shahbaz Khan ( Third time attacked Mewar )
-• 1579 : Again Shahbaz Khan ( Third time attacked Mewar )
+Each of these invasions was able to occupy cities like Udaipur, Chawand, Gogunda, and Kumbhalagarh but were unsuccessful in capturing [[Maharana Pratap|Pratap]] as he was till that time became a master guerilla and each path of Aravali hills was now in his mind this allowing him to hide from Mughal troops each and every time till the Mughal's departure from Mewar.{{cn}} When Pratap was facing a shortage of funds, his minister [[Bhamashah]], whose family held the office for ages, placed at Pratap's disposal their accumulated wealth, which with other resources, is stated to have been equivalent to the maintenance of army for 12 years.{{cn|}} Thus name of [[Bhamashah]] got preserved as saviour of [[Mewar]]. With such help from [[Bhamashah]], Pratap was able to arrange his new army and planned a major attack on Dewair Fortress defended by a garrison of less than a thousand men.{{cn}}
-• Each of these invasions were able to occupy cities like Udaipur, Chawand, Gogunda and Kumbhalagarh but were unsuccessful in capturing [[Maharana Pratap|Pratap]] as he was till that time became a master guerilla and each path of aravali hills was now in his mind this allowing him to hide from mughal troops each and every time till the Mughal's departure from mewar.{{cn}} When Pratap was facing shortage of funds, his minister [[Bhamashah]], whose family held the office for ages, placed at Pratap's disposal their accumulated wealth, which with other resources, is stated to have been equivalent to maintenance of army for 12 years.{{cn|}} Thus name of [[Bhamashah]] got preserved as saviour of [[Mewar]]. With such help from [[Bhamashah]], Pratap was able to arrange his new army and planned a major attack on Dewair Fortress defended by a garrison of less than a thousand men.{{cn}}
 ==Battle==
 {{unsourced section|date=July 2021}}
@@ Line 53: / Line 38: @@
 |lon_deg = 73.801630 <!-- default: lon_dir = E -->
 }}
-Pratap attacked the Mughal garrison of Dewair which was commanded by Mughal officer Sultan Khan and defeated it.
+Pratap attacked the Mughal garrison of Dewair, commanded by Mughal officer Sultan Khan, and defeated it.
 ==Aftermath==
 {{unsourced section|date=July 2021}}
 Thus, the Battle of Dewair was a success. In this campaign, Pratap recovered Dewair Fort, which had been lost during Shahbaz Khan's invasion one year ago.
 ==Memorial==
 On 10 January 2012, a victory memorial commemorating the victory of Maharana Pratap at Dewair was inaugurated by the [[President of India]], Smt. [[Pratibha Patil]].<ref name="Memorial">{{cite web |last= |first= |date=|title= Rajsamand Tourism|url=https://rajsamand.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/rajsamand/en/about-rajsamand/tourist-places1.html|publisher=Government of Rajasthan|access-date=2 December 2020}}</ref>
 In the memory of Bhamashah, Bhamashah's birth anniversary or ''Bhamashah Jayanti'' is celebrated on 29 June every year.<ref name="CityAirNews">{{cite news |date=27 June 2019|title=I am a proud descendent of Bhamashah: Raj Mahajan|url=https://www.cityairnews.com/content/i-am-proud-descendant-great-patriot-bhamashah-raj-mahajan| newspaper=CityAirNews}}</ref>.A [[Bhamashah Yojana]] bas been started on his name by government of Rajasthan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sarkariduniya.com/bhamashah-yojana-2/|title=भामाशा योजना (Bhamashah Yojana ) {{!}} राजस्थान सरकार योजना|date=2018-10-08|work=पीएम योजना,केंद्रीय और राज्य सरकार योजनाओं, केंद्रीय मंत्रालयों और सरकारी विभागों पर समाचार प्राप्त करें|access-date=2018-11-05|language=hi-IN}}</ref>
 ==See also==
 * [[Battle of Dewair (1606)]]
 * [[Udai Singh II]]
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
 [[Category:History of Rajasthan]]
 [[Category:Mewar dynasty]]