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In [[Greek mythology]], King '''Oenomaus''' (also '''Oenamaus'''; , ''Oinómaos'') of [[Pisa (Greece)|Pisa]],<ref>In the ancient territory of Pisa lay [[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]].</ref> was the father of [[Hippodamia (daughter of Oenomaus)|Hippodamia]] and the son of [[Ares]]. His name ''Oinomaos'' denotes a [[wine]] man.
In [[Greek mythology]], King '''Oenomaus''' (also '''Oenamaus'''; , ''Oinómaos'') of [[Pisa (Greece)|Pisa]],<ref>In the ancient territory of Pisa lay [[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]].</ref> was the father of [[Hippodamia (daughter of Oenomaus)|Hippodamia]] and the son of [[Ares]]. His name ''Oinomaos'' denotes a [[wine]] man.
== Family ==
Oenomaeus' mother was either [[naiad]] [[Harpina]] (daughter of the [[river god]] Phliasian [[Asopus]], the armed (''harpe'')<ref>{{Cite web |title=HARPINA - Elean Naiad Nymph of Greek Mythology |url=https://www.theoi.com/Nymphe/NympheHarpina.html |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=www.theoi.com}}</ref> spirit of a spring near Pisa)<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], 5.22.6; [[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#73.1 4.73.1].</ref> or [[Sterope (Pleiad)|Sterope]], one of the [[Pleiades (Greek mythology)|Pleiades]],<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#84 84] ("Oenomaus, son of Mars and Asterope, daughter of Atlas"), ''Fabula'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#250 250] ("Oenomaus, son of Mars by Asterie, daughter of Atlas").</ref> whom some identify as his consort instead.<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], 3.110–111; Hyginus, ''[[De astronomia]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/207#2.21.5 2.21.5]; he was depicted on the pediment of the [[Statue of Zeus at Olympia|Temple of Zeus at Olympia]] with Sterope, whom [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] also took for his wife: "On the right of Zeus Oinomaos with a helmet on his head, and by him Sterope his wife, who was one of the daughters of Atlas."</ref>
He married, if not Sterope, then [[Evarete]] of [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]], the daughter of [[Acrisius]] and [[Eurydice of Argos|Eurydice]]. Yet others give [[Eurythoe]], daughter of [[Danaus]], either as his mother<ref>[[Scholia]] on [[Apollonius Rhodius]], 1.752</ref> or consort.<ref>[[Tzetzes]] ad [[Lycophron]], [https://topostext.org/work/860#157 157]</ref>{{AI-generated source|date=November 2024}} His children besides Hippodamia were [[Leucippus (mythology)|Leucippus]] (who perished because of his love for [[Daphne]]) and [[Alcippe (Greek mythology)|Alcippe]] (mother of [[Marpessa]] by [[Evenus (mythology)|Evenus]]). [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], who is generally skeptical about stories of humans descending from gods, makes Oenomaus son of a mortal father, Alxion.<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], 5.1.6</ref> John Tzetzes adduces a version which, in the same vein, calls Oenomaus son of a [[Hyperochus]] by Sterope.<ref>Tzetzes ad Lycophron, [https://topostext.org/work/860#149 149] & [https://topostext.org/work/860#219 219]</ref>{{AI-generated source|date=November 2024}} The genealogy offered in the earliest literary reference, [[Euripides]]' ''[[Iphigenia in Tauris]]'', would place him two generations before the [[Trojan War]], making him the great-grandfather of the Atreides, [[Agamemnon]] and [[Menelaus]].
{| class="wikitable"
|+<big>Comparative table of Oenomaus' family</big>
! rowspan="2" |Relation
! rowspan="2" |Names
! colspan="12" |Sources
|-
|''Euripides''
|''Scholia on Apollonius''
|''Diodorus''
|''Parthenius''
|''Apollodorus''
|''Plutarch''
|''Dio Chrysostom''
|''Hyginus''
|''Pausanias''
|''Philostratus''
|''Eusebius''
|''Tzetzes''
|-
| rowspan="7" |''Parentage''
|Ares and Eurythoe
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Ares and Harpina
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|-
|Ares and (A)Sterope
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|-
|Ares and Asterie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|-
|Alxion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
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|-
|Aethlius
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|-
|Hyperochus and Sterope
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|-
| rowspan="3" |''Spouse''
|Sterope
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|✓
|✓
|
|
|
|-
|Evarete
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|-
|Eurythoe
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|-
| rowspan="3" |''Children''
|Hippodamia
|✓ (''not named)''
|
|
|
|✓
|
|✓
|✓
|✓
|✓
|
|
|-
|Leucippus
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
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|-
|Alcippe
|
|
|
|
|
|✓
|
|
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|
|
|
|}

Revision as of 14:25, 24 June 2025

Oenomaus
Oenomaus and Hippodamia.png
King Oenomaus, Hippodamia, and Olympian gods. Illustration from an ancient vase.
Sterope
IssueHippodamia, Leucippus, Alcippe
FatherAres
MotherHarpina

In Greek mythology, King Oenomaus (also Oenamaus; , Oinómaos) of Pisa,[1] was the father of Hippodamia and the son of Ares. His name Oinomaos denotes a wine man.

Family

Oenomaeus' mother was either naiad Harpina (daughter of the river god Phliasian Asopus, the armed (harpe)[2] spirit of a spring near Pisa)[3] or Sterope, one of the Pleiades,[4] whom some identify as his consort instead.[5]

He married, if not Sterope, then Evarete of Argos, the daughter of Acrisius and Eurydice. Yet others give Eurythoe, daughter of Danaus, either as his mother[6] or consort.[7]Template:AI-generated source His children besides Hippodamia were Leucippus (who perished because of his love for Daphne) and Alcippe (mother of Marpessa by Evenus). Pausanias, who is generally skeptical about stories of humans descending from gods, makes Oenomaus son of a mortal father, Alxion.[8] John Tzetzes adduces a version which, in the same vein, calls Oenomaus son of a Hyperochus by Sterope.[9]Template:AI-generated source The genealogy offered in the earliest literary reference, Euripides' Iphigenia in Tauris, would place him two generations before the Trojan War, making him the great-grandfather of the Atreides, Agamemnon and Menelaus.

Comparative table of Oenomaus' family
Relation Names Sources
Euripides Scholia on Apollonius Diodorus Parthenius Apollodorus Plutarch Dio Chrysostom Hyginus Pausanias Philostratus Eusebius Tzetzes
Parentage Ares and Eurythoe ✓
Ares and Harpina ✓ ✓
Ares and (A)Sterope ✓
Ares and Asterie ✓
Alxion ✓
Aethlius ✓
Hyperochus and Sterope ✓
Spouse Sterope ✓ ✓ ✓
Evarete ✓
Eurythoe ✓
Children Hippodamia ✓ (not named) ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Leucippus ✓ ✓
Alcippe ✓
  1. ↑ In the ancient territory of Pisa lay Olympia.
  2. ↑ "HARPINA - Elean Naiad Nymph of Greek Mythology". www.theoi.com. Retrieved 2023-10-16.
  3. ↑ Pausanias, 5.22.6; Diodorus Siculus, 4.73.1.
  4. ↑ Hyginus, Fabulae 84 ("Oenomaus, son of Mars and Asterope, daughter of Atlas"), Fabula 250 ("Oenomaus, son of Mars by Asterie, daughter of Atlas").
  5. ↑ Apollodorus, 3.110–111; Hyginus, De astronomia 2.21.5; he was depicted on the pediment of the Temple of Zeus at Olympia with Sterope, whom Pausanias also took for his wife: "On the right of Zeus Oinomaos with a helmet on his head, and by him Sterope his wife, who was one of the daughters of Atlas."
  6. ↑ Scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, 1.752
  7. ↑ Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 157
  8. ↑ Pausanias, 5.1.6
  9. ↑ Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 149 & 219
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