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The Maratha rebellion: Difference between revisions
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''Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsle'' or [[Shivaji|Shivaji I]], also known as [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]] was the son of a former military general of [[Ahmadnagar Sultanate|Ahmednagar Sultanate]], [[Maloji Bhosale|Shahaji Bhonsle]]<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/details/shivaji-the-great-1-dr.-balkrishna/page/52/mode/2up Shivaji The Great Vol. I by Dr. Balkrishna p.53]</ref>. Shivaji forming an army began to capture the forts of Bijapur Sultanate or [[Adil Shahi dynasty]] of Deccan. He gained significant political influence and power after the [[Battle of Pratapgarh]] in 1659. | ''Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsle'' or [[Shivaji|Shivaji I]], also known as [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]] was the son of a former military general of [[Ahmadnagar Sultanate|Ahmednagar Sultanate]], [[Maloji Bhosale|Shahaji Bhonsle]]<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/details/shivaji-the-great-1-dr.-balkrishna/page/52/mode/2up Shivaji The Great Vol. I by Dr. Balkrishna p.53]</ref>. Shivaji forming an army began to capture the forts of Bijapur Sultanate or [[Adil Shahi dynasty]] of Deccan. He gained significant political influence and power after the [[Battle of Pratapgarh]] in 1659. | ||
The [[Battle of Surat]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=J. Ghugare |first=Dr. Ganesh |title=Unbelievable Battles Moves Of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj |date=21 June 2021 |publisher=Pencil |year=2021 |isbn=9789354580789 |language=English}}</ref> in 1664 was a pivotal event for the Marathas, especially after the failure of Shaista Khan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Sir Jadunath |title=Shivaji and his Times |date=1920 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |year=1920 |pages=110 |language=English}}</ref>. [[Aurangzeb]] sent an expedition under the command of [[Jai Singh I]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II |date=2005 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |year=2005 |isbn=9788124110669 |language=English}}</ref> to defeat Shivaji in 1665. This led to the [[Battle of Purandar]] and subsequently, the [[Treaty of Purandar (1665)|Treaty of Purandar]] was signed between Shivaji and the Mughal Empire. As a part of the Treaty, the Marathas surrendered their 23 captured forts to the Mughal Empire. Shivaji along with his son, [[Sambhaji]] were also taken to [[Agra]] as [[Prisoner of war|prisoners]] by the Mughals<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jaswant Lal |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813 |date=2005 |publisher=New Dawn Press, Incorporated |year=2005 |isbn=9781932705546 |pages=47 |language=English}}</ref> but they managed to escape later in 1666. | The [[Battle of Surat]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=J. Ghugare |first=Dr. Ganesh |title=Unbelievable Battles Moves Of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj |date=21 June 2021 |publisher=Pencil |year=2021 |isbn=9789354580789 |language=English}}</ref> in 1664 was a pivotal event for the Marathas, especially after the failure of Shaista Khan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Sir Jadunath |title=Shivaji and his Times |date=1920 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |year=1920 |pages=110 |language=English}}</ref>. [[Aurangzeb]] sent an expedition under the command of [[Jai Singh I]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II |date=2005 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |year=2005 |isbn=9788124110669 |language=English}}</ref> to defeat Shivaji in 1665. This led to the [[Battle of Purandar]] and subsequently, the [[Treaty of Purandar (1665)|Treaty of Purandar]] was signed between Shivaji and the Mughal Empire. As a part of the Treaty, the Marathas surrendered their 23 captured forts to the Mughal Empire. Shivaji along with his son, [[Sambhaji]] were also taken to [[Agra]] as [[Prisoner of war|prisoners]] by the Mughals<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jaswant Lal |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813 |date=2005 |publisher=New Dawn Press, Incorporated |year=2005 |isbn=9781932705546 |pages=47 |language=English}}</ref> but they managed to escape later in 1666. | ||
== Aftermath == | |||
The Maratha revolt did not resulted as useless or wasteful for the Maratha Clan. By capturing many forts and emerging victorious in the battles, the Marathas gained control over many of the western parts of [[Deccan]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pillai |first=Manu S. |title=Rebel Sultans: The Deccan from Khilji to Shivaji |date=3 August 2020 |publisher=Juggernaut Publication, 2020 |year=2020 |isbn=9789353451066}}</ref> By fulfilling his mother [[Jijabai]]'s dream of [[Swaraj]] in 1674, Shivaji established the [[Maratha Empire]] within the territories under his control, and crowned himself as the first [[Chhatrapati]] of the Maratha Empire<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ranade |first=Govind |title=Rise of the Maratha Power |date=1900 |year=1900}}</ref> at fort Raigarh.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pillai |first=Manu S |title=Rebel Sultans: The Deccan from Khilji to Shivaji |date=2018 |publisher=Jagarnaut Publication, 2020 |isbn=978-93-86228-73-4}}</ref> Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj ruled for only six years(1674-1680), He died on 3rd April 1680. He was succeeded by his son, [[Sambhaji|Chhatrapati Sambhaji]]. | |||
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
Revision as of 12:52, 22 June 2025
The Maratha rebellion or the insurgency in the Deccan was an insurgency against the Mughal Empire and Bijapur Sultanate. This uprising took place from 1644 to 1674 led by the Marathas of Deccan region under the leadership of Shivaji, popularly known as Chhatrapati Shivaji. The main objective of this insurgency was to establish Hindvi Swaraj.
| Maratha rebellion | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Mughal-Maratha Wars, List of battles involving the Maratha Empire | |||||||||
 Map of Deccan in the Indian subcontinent | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Maratha Empire |
 Mughal EmpireBijapur Sultanate | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
ShivajiTemplate:POWYesaji Kank.[1]Tanaji Malusare †Baji PhalaskarBaji DeshpandeFirangoji NarsalaMurarbaji †Hambirrao MohitePrataprao GujarKanhoji JedheBahirji NailSambhaji KavjiAnandraoNetaji PalkarMoropant Pingale |
Bijapuri rulers Mohammad Adil Shah Ali Adil Shah II Sikandar Adil Shah Bijapuri commanders Afzal Khan † Abdul SayyidTemplate:WIA Rahim Khan † Pahlawan Khan † Rustam KhanTemplate:WIA Siddi Jauhar Mughal rulers  Shah JahanAurangzebMughal commanders Shaista KhanTemplate:WIAJai Singh IDiler KhanInayat KhanBahadur KhanUdaybhan Rathore †[2]Bahlol KhanTemplate:POWIbrahim Khan Template:POWIkhlas KhanTemplate:POW | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 100,000 infantry and cavalry[3] | Unknown but large | ||||||||
Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsle or Shivaji I, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was the son of a former military general of Ahmednagar Sultanate, Shahaji Bhonsle[4]. Shivaji forming an army began to capture the forts of Bijapur Sultanate or Adil Shahi dynasty of Deccan. He gained significant political influence and power after the Battle of Pratapgarh in 1659. The Battle of Surat[5] in 1664 was a pivotal event for the Marathas, especially after the failure of Shaista Khan[6]. Aurangzeb sent an expedition under the command of Jai Singh I[7] to defeat Shivaji in 1665. This led to the Battle of Purandar and subsequently, the Treaty of Purandar was signed between Shivaji and the Mughal Empire. As a part of the Treaty, the Marathas surrendered their 23 captured forts to the Mughal Empire. Shivaji along with his son, Sambhaji were also taken to Agra as prisoners by the Mughals[8] but they managed to escape later in 1666.
Aftermath
The Maratha revolt did not resulted as useless or wasteful for the Maratha Clan. By capturing many forts and emerging victorious in the battles, the Marathas gained control over many of the western parts of Deccan.[9] By fulfilling his mother Jijabai's dream of Swaraj in 1674, Shivaji established the Maratha Empire within the territories under his control, and crowned himself as the first Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire[10] at fort Raigarh.[11] Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj ruled for only six years(1674-1680), He died on 3rd April 1680. He was succeeded by his son, Chhatrapati Sambhaji.
Reference
- ↑ Gautam, Pradhan (13 December 2019). Lord of Royal Umbrella - Shivaji Trilogy Book II. One Point Six Technology Pvt Ltd. ISBN 9789388942775.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Gordon, Stewart (February 2007). The Marathas 1600-1818. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-03316-9.
- ↑ Kumar, Ram (28 June 2022). Great Speeches of India. Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 9789355212092.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Shivaji The Great Vol. I by Dr. Balkrishna p.53
- ↑ J. Ghugare, Dr. Ganesh (21 June 2021). Unbelievable Battles Moves Of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Pencil. ISBN 9789354580789.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1920). Shivaji and his Times. Longmans, Green and Company. p. 110.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Chandra, Satish (2005). Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II. Har-Anand Publications. ISBN 9788124110669.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813. New Dawn Press, Incorporated. p. 47. ISBN 9781932705546.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Pillai, Manu S. (3 August 2020). Rebel Sultans: The Deccan from Khilji to Shivaji. Juggernaut Publication, 2020. ISBN 9789353451066.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Ranade, Govind (1900). Rise of the Maratha Power.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Pillai, Manu S (2018). Rebel Sultans: The Deccan from Khilji to Shivaji. Jagarnaut Publication, 2020. ISBN 978-93-86228-73-4.