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| {{See also|Ancient Manipur|History of modern Manipur}}
| | #redirect[[History_of_Manipur#Early_Modern]] |
| [[File:Monument_of_Bheigyachandra_Maharaj.jpg|thumb]] | |
| '''Medieval Manipur''' is the long period in the history of [[Manipur]] between the "ancient period" and the "modern period".<ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.History_Of_Medieval_Manipur_1</ref> It encompasses the 15th century AD to the 19th century AD.<ref>https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html#(iii)%20The%20Medieval%20Period</ref>
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| ==Periods==
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| ===Early medieval period===
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| [[File:Vishnu_temple,_Bishnupur_01.jpg|thumb]]
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| The medieval period of [[Manipur]] starts with the slow declining of the indigenous [[Sanamahism|Meitei faith]] during the reign of King [[Senbi Kiyamba]]. In celebration for their victory over Kyang, the King of Pong presented Kiyamba with a golden box containing a stone known as ''Pheiya'' (Almighty).<ref>{{cite book| author=Keerti Chand Tensuba| title=Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais| publisher=Inter-India Publications| place=New Delhi| year=1993| isbn=9788121003087}}</ref> Kiyamba built a brick temple in the capital Lamangdong, {{convert|27|km|mi|abbr=off}} south of [[Imphal]], in 1475 for the sacred stone. During this period, Bramins migrated to Manipur.<ref>{{cite journal| author=Takhellambam Debachand Singh| title=Phonological System of Medieval Manipuri| journal=Language in India| volume=14| number=4| date=April 2014| page=58}}</ref> Legend states that a Brahmin identified Pheiya as [[Vishnu]] and said that good fortune would come to the king and kingdom if rice boiled in cow's milk was offered to the deity.<ref>{{cite web| author=P. Lalit| title=A Brief History (Puwari) of the Meiteis of Manipur| website=The Resource Centre for Indian Language Technology Solutions| url=http://www.iitg.ernet.in/rcilts/phaseI/his_mnme.html}}</ref> Lamangdong was subsequently named [[Bishnupur]] (Abode of Vishnu) in honour of the temple. Simultaneously, the little by little immigration of the Brahmins from the [[Bengal]] starts the onset of [[Hinduism]] in the kingdom.<ref>https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html#(iii)%20The%20Medieval%20Period</ref><ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Manipur_and_Religion.Hinduism_in_Manipur_Part_1_By_Chirom_Rajketan</ref>
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| ===Late medieval period===
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| [[File:Gopinath_Temple_-_Ningthoukhong,_Manipur_(India).jpg|thumb]]
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| During the late medieval period, it was during the reign of Emperor [[Pamheiba]] that [[Hinduism]] became the state official religion in the kingdom, with the replacement of the indigenous [[Sanamahism]] in the 18th century AD.<ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.arts.Hinduism_in_Manipur_A_Political_Perspectives_By_Rinku_Khumukcham</ref><ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Manipur_and_Religion.Hinduism_in_Manipur_Part_1_By_Chirom_Rajketan</ref><ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Manipur_and_Religion.Hinduism_in_Manipur_Part_2_By_Chirom_Rajketan</ref><ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Manipur_and_Religion.Hinduism_in_Manipur_Part_1_By_Chirom_Rajketan</ref> Simultaneously, in 1729 AD, the [[Puya Mei Thaba]], the burning up of the sacred scriptures took place in the [[Kangla]] by the order of the then monarch, Pamheiba.<ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=news_section.opinions.Puya_Meithaba_The_Burning_of_Meitei_Sacred_Scripture_By_Madhu_Chandra</ref>
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| [[Manipur Kingdom]] was annexed by the Burmese forces after which [[Bhagya Chandra]] ([[Ching-Thang Khomba]]), the grandson of [[Pamheiba]], appealed to Ahom king Rajeswar Singha for military assistance. Rajeswar Singha agreed to send an army to overthrow Chitsai and reinstate Bhagya Chandra. The expedition hit many snags in [[Nagaland]] where they were attacked by [[Naga people|Naga tribesmen]] and poisonous snakes. Rajeswar Singha called off the unsuccessful venture in 1767.
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| In November 1768, [[Bhagya Chandra]] and Rajeswar Singha decided to make another attempt to invade Manipur. This time Bhagya Chandra led 10,000 Ahom troops across the [[Kachari kingdom]] to the Mirap river. Many battles ensued between the Ahoms and Meiteis on one side, and the Naga, Chitsai and the Burmese on the other. In 1773, Bhagya Chandra was reinstated as [[Raja|Ningthou]] of Manipur<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.2307/1782048|jstor=1782048|title=A History of Assam by Edward Gait|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=69|issue=3|pages=271|year=1927|author=C. E. A. W. O.}}</ref>
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| The tradition of Rasa Lila in [[Manipur Kingdom]] is attributed to Ching-Thang Khomba. The first ''[[Manipuri dance|Manipur Maha Rasleela]]'' was performed in 1777.<ref name="IIT" /><ref name="m20">{{cite web|url=http://manipuri.20m.com/#ras|title=Manipuri Dance: Both Ritualistic and Recreational|accessdate=11 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140317042756/http://manipuri.20m.com/#ras|archivedate=17 March 2014}}</ref>
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| It was his daughter [[Shija Lailoibi]], who first took the role of [[Radha]] in the [[Manipuri dance]]. Under the influence of [[Bengali people|Bengali missionaries]], he also started the tradition of [[kirtan|Sankirtan]] in Manipur.<ref name="nar">{{cite web|url=http://www.narthaki.com/info/snipdec3.html|title=Information - Snippets - narthaki.com|accessdate=11 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011065057/http://www.narthaki.com/info/snipdec3.html|archivedate=11 October 2008}}</ref>
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| ==Gallery==
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| <gallery>
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| File:Vishnu_temple,_Bishnupur_02.jpg
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| File:Kangla_Fort_Complex,_Imphal_(75).jpeg
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| File:Govindajee_temple.jpg
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| File:Pillars_at_dusk.JPG
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| File:Kangla_Fort,_imphal.JPG
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| File:Kanchi-gate.jpeg
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| </gallery>
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| ==Sources==
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| * http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.History_Of_Medieval_Manipur_1
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| * http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.History_Of_Medieval_Manipur_2
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| * http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.History_Of_Medieval_Manipur_3
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| * http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Ethnic_Races_Manipur.Origin_of_the_Meiteis_3
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| ==Further reading==
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| * https://www.imphaltimes.com/it-articles/item/15075-hinduism-in-manipur
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| * https://www.jstor.org/stable/44156597?seq=1
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| * https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145476?seq=1
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| [[Category:History of Manipur]]
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| {{Stub}}
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| {{simple-Wikipedia}}
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