International North–South Transport Corridor: Difference between revisions

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International North–South Transport Corridor (edit)

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 {{Short description|Corridor for trade connectivity from Moscow, Russia, to Mumbai, India, through the Caucasus and Western Asia}}
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-The '''International North–South Transport Corridor''' (INSTC) is a 7,200-km-long<ref name=ET-Apr1/> multi-mode network of [[ship transport|ship]], [[railways|rail]], and [[road transport|road]] route for moving freight between [[India]], [[Iran]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Russia]], [[Central Asia]] and [[Europe]]. The route primarily involves moving [[freight]] from [[India]], [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Russia]] via ship, rail and road.<ref name="The Hindu">{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/despite-us-opposition-iran-to-be-transport-hub-for-northsouth-corridor/article3473943.ece |title=Despite U.S. opposition, Iran to be transport hub for North-South Corridor |work=The Hindu |date=31 May 2015 |access-date=11 April 2015}}</ref> The objective of the corridor is to increase [[Trade|trade connectivity]] between major cities such as [[Mumbai]], [[Moscow]], [[Tehran]], [[Baku]], [[Bandar Abbas]], [[Astrakhan]], [[Bandar Anzali]], etc.<ref name="Russia & India Report">{{cite news |url=http://in.rbth.com/articles/2012/11/29/north-south_transport_corridor_offers_many_opportunities_for_indo-ru_19421.html |title=Transport Corridor offers many opportunities for Indo-Russian trade |work=Russia & India Report |date=29 November 2012 |access-date=11 April 2015}}</ref> [[Dry run (testing)|Dry run]]s of two routes were conducted in 2014, the first was Mumbai to Baku via Bandar Abbas and the second was Mumbai to Astrakhan via Bandar Abbas, Tehran and Bandar Anzali. The objective of the study was to identify and address key [[Traffic bottleneck|bottleneck]]s.<ref name="Dry Run Study of INSTC Trade Route">{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/government-press-release/dry-run-study-of-instc-trade-route-115032000589_1.html |title=Dry Run Study of INSTC Trade Route |work=Business Standard |date=20 March 2015 |access-date=11 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="thehindu.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/lead-article-iran-deal-spells-good-tidings-for-india/article7085906.ece |title=Iran deal spells good tidings for India |work=The Hindu |date=10 April 2015 |access-date=11 April 2015}}</ref> The results showed [[Cost of transport|transport costs]] were reduced by "$2,500 per 15 tons of cargo".<ref name="thehindu.com"/> Other routes under consideration include via [[Kazakhstan]] and [[Turkmenistan]].
+The '''International North–South Transport Corridor''' (INSTC) is a 7,200 km (4,500 mile) network that combines ships, railways, and roads to transport goods between [[India]], [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Russia]], [[Central Asia]], and [[Europe]]. This corridor aims to enhance trade links among key cities like [[Mumbai]], [[Moscow]], [[Tehran]], [[Baku]], [[Bandar Abbas]], [[Astrakhan]], and [[Bandar Anzali]]. In 2014, two test runs were performed: one from Mumbai to Baku through Bandar Abbas, and another from Mumbai to Astrakhan via Bandar Abbas, Tehran, and Bandar Anzali. These tests aimed to pinpoint and resolve major obstacles. The findings indicated that transportation costs were lowered by $2,500 for every 15 tons of cargo. Additional routes are being explored that would go through [[Kazakhsta]] and [[Turkmenistan]].
 This will also synchronize with the [[Ashgabat agreement]], a [[Multimodal transport]] agreement signed by [[India]] (2018), [[Oman]] (2011), [[Iran]] (2011), [[Turkmenistan]] (2011), [[Uzbekistan]] (2011) and [[Kazakhstan]] (2015) Pakistan (2016) ''(figure in the bracket indicates the year of joining the agreement)'', for creating an [[Transport corridor|international transport and transit corridor]] facilitating transportation of goods between Central Asia and the Persian Gulf.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans-Classroom/2016-03-24/Ashgabat-Agreement/215932|title=Ashgabat Agreement|website=The Hans India|access-date=1 November 2018|date=2016-03-24}}</ref> This route will be operationalised by mid-January 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/instc-to-be-operationalised-mid-jan-2018-game-changer-for-indias-eurasia-policy/articleshow/61926321.cms?from=mdr|title=INSTC to be operationalised mid-Jan 2018; game changer for India's Eurasia policy|last=Chaudhury|first=Dipanjan Roy|date=2017-12-05|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2017-12-05}}</ref>