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{{Other places|Salem (disambiguation)}}
{{wiktionary|Salem}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
'''Salem''' may refer to:
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}


{{Infobox settlement
== Places ==
| name                            = Salem
{{TOC right}}
| native_name                    =
| native_name_lang                =  
| settlement_type                = [[Metropolis]]
| image_seal                      =  
| image_skyline                  = SalemCITYMONTAGE.jpg
| image_caption                  = Clockwise from top left: [[Mookaneri Lake]], [[Modern Theatres]], Trumpet Exchange Flyover, Salem Collectorate and [[Salem Steel Plant]]
| nickname                        = [[Steel City]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mygov.in/group-issue/my-salem-my-pride/|title=My Salem - My Pride|date=30 October 2015|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201193418/https://www.mygov.in/group-issue/my-salem-my-pride/|archive-date=1 February 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> <br /> Mango City
| map_alt                    20  = Location of Salem
| map_caption                    =
| pushpin_map                    = India Tamil Nadu
| pushpin_label_position          = right
| pushpin_map_alt                =
| pushpin_map_caption            =
| coordinates                    = {{coord|11.65|N|78.16|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = India
| subdivision_type1              = State
| subdivision_type2              = District
| subdivision_name1              = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_name2              = [[Salem district]]
| established_title              = <!-- Established -->
| established_date                =
| founder                        =
| named_for                      =
| government_type                = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
| governing_body                  = [[Salem City Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                    = vacant
| unit_pref                      = Metric
| area_footnotes                  =
| area_total_km2                  = 124
| area_metro_km2                  =
| area_metro_footnotes            = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://salem.nic.in/salem-local-planning-area-slpa/#
|title=About Salem|publisher=salem.nic.in|access-date=1 October 2020|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| area_rank                      = 5
| elevation_footnotes            =
| elevation_m                    = 289
| population_total                = 917,613
| population_as_of                = 2011
| population_footnotes            = <ref name=2011census/>
| population_rank                = [[List of most populous cities in India|45th]]
| population_metro                = 1,032,336
| population_blank1_title        = Metro rank
| population_blank1              = [[List of million-plus agglomerations in India|51st]]
| population_metro_footnotes      = <ref name="UA_2011">{{cite web|title=Primary Census Abstract - Urban Agglomeration|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/DigitalLibrary/MFTableSeries.aspx|format=XLS|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]|access-date=13 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315050316/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/DigitalLibrary/MFTableSeries.aspx|archive-date=15 March 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| population_note                =
| demographics_type1              = Languages
| demographics1_title1            = Official
| demographics1_info1            = Tamil
| demographics1_title2            = Spoken
| demographics1_info2            = Tamil
| timezone1                      = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                    = +5:30
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code                    = 636xxx
| area_code                      = [[Telephone numbers in India|+91-427]]
| area_code_type                  = Telephone code
| registration_plate              = TN-27, TN-30, TN-54, TN-90
| website                        = {{URL|www.salemcorporation.gov.in}}
| footnotes                      =
| other_name                      =
| population_demonym              = Salemians, Salethar
}}
'''Salem''' ({{audio|Salem.ogg|pronunciation}}) ({{lang-ta|சேலம்}}) is a major city in [[Salem district]], located on the banks of [[Thirumanimutharu river]] in the [[India]]n [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. It is located about {{convert|140|km|mi|0|abbr=}} northwest of [[Tiruchirappalli]], {{convert|170|km|mi|0|abbr=}} northeast of [[Coimbatore]], {{convert|206|km|mi|0}} southeast of [[Bangalore]] and about {{convert|340|km|mi|-1}} southwest of the state capital, [[Chennai]]. Salem is the [[List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population|fifth]] largest urban agglomeration in the state by population next to [[Chennai]], [[Coimbatore]], [[Madurai]] and [[Trichy]] and the fifth largest city in Tamil Nadu by area covering {{convert|124|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.php|title=About Corporation|publisher=salemcorporation.gov.in|access-date=27 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150718231923/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.php|archive-date=18 July 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


The city has been a part of Chola Dynasty. A lot of religious places are located with in the city. A mosque in the city is believed to be built by Tipu Sultan the ruler of Mysore Kingdom in the present day of Karnataka. The town and the surrounding hilly regions were part of the [[Chola dynasty]] and was part of the trade route with the [[Roman empire]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Far East Kingdoms of South Asia: Cheras|url=http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaCheras.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217112250/http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaCheras.htm|archive-date=17 February 2017|access-date=25 February 2017|work=The History Files|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It was later governed by [[Poligars]], who built temples and forts in and around the city.<ref>{{cite book|author=E. H. Warmington|title=The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1107-432-14-7|page=144}}</ref> It was part of the [[Vijayanagara empire]] before being captured by [[Hyder Ali]] during the early 18th century, after the [[Mangammal#War with Mysore|Mysore-Madurai war]]. It was ceded to the British in 1768 and the area became part of the struggle between [[Kongu Nadu]] led by [[Dheeran Chinnamalai]] and the British.<ref>{{cite news|author=Asha Sridhar|date=30 January 2015|title=Winding the clock back, anti-colonial wise|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/winding-the-clock-back-anticolonial-wise/article6835999.ece|access-date=25 February 2017}}</ref> Salem became part of [[Salem district]] since independence in 1947. Salem district was the first district to be formed in India on 4 April 1792 that spread over 7,530&nbsp;sq&nbsp;km comprising the present-day [[Namakkal]], [[Dharmapuri]], [[Krishnagiri]]. Alexander Reed was the collector of the Salem district from 1792 to 1799.<ref>{{cite news|last=S.P.Saravanan|first=Saravanan|date=10 April 2016|title=Salem’s history on a map|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|publisher=The Hindu|location=Salem|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/salems-history-on-a-map/article8456869.ece|url-status=live|access-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909014038/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/salems-history-on-a-map/article8456869.ece|archive-date=9 September 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
===Canada===
* [[Salem, Ontario (disambiguation)]], various places


==History==
===Germany===
{{More citations needed|section|date=September 2021}}
* [[Salem, Baden-Württemberg]], a municipality in the Bodensee district
{{main|History of Salem, Tamil Nadu}}
** [[Salem Abbey]] (Reichskloster Salem), a monastery
=== Early period ===
* [[Salem, Schleswig-Holstein]]
During the 3rd century BCE, there was period of [[Bogar]] – a notable Tamil [[Siddhar]] and at that time [[Jainism]] and [[Buddhism]] arrived. Around the beginning of the [[common era]], the existence of a culturally and economically advanced society in Salem two thousand years ago is evident from the discovery of silver coins of the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Nero|Tiberices Claudices Nero]] (37–68 CE) in Koneripatti of Salem in 1987. Later [[Pandya dynasty]] started ruling the region around Salem. Later [[Pallava dynasty]] rises in Salem. After that [[Mahendra Varma Pallava]] came to Salem and [[Saivite]] principles rise. After Mahednra Varma Pallava, [[Narasimha Varma Pallava]] came. Soon Pandya dynasty came to Salem. The Hoysala rule established in Salem and parts of few Salem remained under Pandya dynasty.
=={{anchor|Geography and Climate}}Geography and climate==
{{Main|Geography of Salem}}
Salem is located at {{Coord|11.67|N|78.14|E|}},<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Salem.html |title=Falling Rain Genomic s, Inc&nbsp;– Salem |publisher=Fallingrain.com |access-date=10 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013121956/http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Salem.html |archive-date=13 October 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref> at an average elevation of 278&nbsp;m (912&nbsp;ft.). The city is surrounded by hills: Nagaramalai on the north, Jarugumalai on the south, [[Kanjamalai]] on the west, [[Godumalai]] on the east and the [[Shevaroy Hills]] on the northeast. Kariyaperumal Hill is in southwestern Salem.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/people-throng-tourist-spots-on-kaanum-pongal/article6798283.ece|title=People throng tourist spots on 'Kaanum Pongal'|author=Syed Muthahar Saqaf|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=18 January 2015|access-date=5 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205131013/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/people-throng-tourist-spots-on-kaanum-pongal/article6798283.ece|archive-date=5 February 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The [[Thirumanimutharu River]] flows through the city, dividing it in two.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/river-thirumanimuthar-cries-for-attention/article7804532.ece|title=River Thirumanimuthar cries for attention|author=SS.P. Saravanan|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=26 October 2015|access-date=5 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205130548/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/river-thirumanimuthar-cries-for-attention/article7804532.ece|archive-date=5 February 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The fort area is the oldest part of Salem.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonatech.ac.in/about-sona/salem-district.html|title=ABOUT SALEM CITY|publisher=sonatech.in|access-date=February 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424005956/http://www.sonatech.ac.in/about-sona/salem-district.html|archive-date=24 April 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


Salem lies in the foothills of [[Shevaroy Hills|Shevaroy hills]] which houses the famous hill Station '[[Yercaud]]'.
===Israel===
* [[Salem, Ma'ale Iron]], Israel


Salem has a [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw''). January and February are generally pleasant; the hot summer begins in March, with the year's highest temperatures during April. Pre-monsoon thunderstorms occur during April and May. The Southwest monsoon season lasts from June to September. The [[Monsoon#Northeast monsoon|northeast monsoon]] occurs from October to December.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Salem.pdf|title=DISTRICT GROUNDWATER BROCHURE SALEM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU|publisher=Central Ground Water Board|access-date=February 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403092016/http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Salem.pdf|archive-date=3 April 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tnenvis.nic.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/file/9_SALEM_RAINFALL.pdf|title=Ground Water Augmentation Of Kannankuruchi Lake, Salem, TamilNadu Using GIS|publisher=International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)|access-date=February 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184519/http://www.tnenvis.nic.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/file/9_SALEM_RAINFALL.pdf|archive-date=5 February 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
=== India ===
* [[Salem, Tamil Nadu]]
** [[Salem City Municipal Corporation]]
** [[Salem metropolitan area (India)]]
** [[Salem district]], Tamil Nadu
** [[Salem railway division]]
* [[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)]], a parliamentary constituency in Tamil Nadu, India


{{Weather box
=== Palestine ===
|location = Salem, Tamil Nadu (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012)
* [[Salem (Bible)]], an ancient town mentioned in the Bible
| metric first = Yes
* [[Salim, Nablus]], or Salem, Palestine
| single line = Yes
| width = auto
| Jan record high C = 37.2
| Feb record high C = 39.4
| Mar record high C = 41.7
| Apr record high C = 42.8
| May record high C = 42.8
| Jun record high C = 42.8
| Jul record high C = 40.6
| Aug record high C = 39.9
| Sep record high C = 38.9
| Oct record high C = 37.9
| Nov record high C = 35.6
| Dec record high C = 35.6
| year record high C = 42.8
| Jan high C = 32.1
| Feb high C = 34.7
| Mar high C = 37.0
| Apr high C = 37.8
| May high C = 37.2
| Jun high C = 35.0
| Jul high C = 34.0
| Aug high C = 33.4
| Sep high C = 33.2
| Oct high C = 32.1
| Nov high C = 31.0
| Dec high C = 30.7
| year high C = 34.0
| Jan low C = 19.2
| Feb low C = 20.4
| Mar low C = 22.5
| Apr low C = 25.0
| May low C = 25.0
| Jun low C = 24.1
| Jul low C = 23.4
| Aug low C = 23.0
| Sep low C = 22.8
| Oct low C = 22.4
| Nov low C = 21.1
| Dec low C = 19.6
| year low C = 22.4
| Jan record low C = 12.8
| Feb record low C = 11.1
| Mar record low C = 14.4
| Apr record low C = 16.5
| May record low C = 18.3
| Jun record low C = 19.3
| Jul record low C = 18.9
| Aug record low C = 18.1
| Sep record low C = 18.5
| Oct record low C = 15.5
| Nov record low C = 12.8
| Dec record low C = 12.8
| year record low C = 11.1
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 4.4
| Feb rain mm = 3.4
| Mar rain mm = 17.3
| Apr rain mm = 55.5
| May rain mm = 109.7
| Jun rain mm = 72.4
| Jul rain mm = 108.0
| Aug rain mm = 140.6
| Sep rain mm = 176.5
| Oct rain mm = 185.5
| Nov rain mm = 110.2
| Dec rain mm = 35.0
| year rain mm = 1018.5
| Jan rain days = 0.3
| Feb rain days = 0.3
| Mar rain days = 0.8
| Apr rain days = 3.2
| May rain days = 6.3
| Jun rain days = 4.8
| Jul rain days = 6.3
| Aug rain days = 8.1
| Sep rain days = 8.6
| Oct rain days = 9.9
| Nov rain days = 6.4
| Dec rain days = 2.6
| year rain days = 57.6
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 45
| Feb humidity = 36
| Mar humidity = 33
| Apr humidity = 40
| May humidity = 49
| Jun humidity = 55
| Jul humidity = 57
| Aug humidity = 58
| Sep humidity = 61
| Oct humidity = 69
| Nov humidity = 66
| Dec humidity = 56
|year humidity = 52
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Salem Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 679–680
| access-date = 29 March 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M203
| access-date = 29 March 2020}}</ref>
}}


== References ==
=== Sweden ===
* [[Salem Municipality]], a municipality in Stockholm County
** [[Salem, Sweden]], the seat of Salem Municipality


== References ==
=== United Kingdom ===
<!-- alphabetical by constituent country -->
* [[Salem, Cornwall]], England
* Salem, an area of [[Oldham]], England
* [[Salem, Ceredigion]], Wales
* Salem, village near [[Llandeilo]], Wales


==Economy==
=== United States ===
{{Main|Economy of Salem, Tamil Nadu}}
<!-- alphabetical by state -->
[[File:A photo of Salem Steel Plant entrance.JPG|left|thumb|[[Salem Steel Plant]] entrance]]
* [[Salem, Alabama]]
[[File:SEZ Salem.jpg|thumb|Salem IT Special Economic Zone (SEZ)]]
* [[Salem, Fulton County, Arkansas]], a city
Salem is a major textile centre in Tamil Nadu, with more than 125 spinning mills, weaving units and garment units. Until the 1960s, it had fewer spinning mills. Private handloom weaving began to increase in the region after the 1960s and during the 1980s, the textile industry expanded with major spinning mills and dyeing units established supporting the industry.<ref>{{cite news|date=18 December 2010|title=Salem IIHT|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/12/18/stories/2010121851300300.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=4 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104210204/http://www.hindu.com/2010/12/18/stories/2010121851300300.htm|archive-date=4 January 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* [[Salem, Saline County, Arkansas]], a census-designated place
* [[Salem, Connecticut]]
* [[Salem, Florida]]
* [[Salem, Georgia]], in Upson County
* [[Salem, Oconee County, Georgia]]
* [[Salem, Illinois]]
* [[Salem, Indiana]], county seat of Washington County
* [[Salem, Adams County, Indiana]], unincorporated place
* [[Salem, Jay County, Indiana]], unincorporated place
* [[Salem, Union County, Indiana]], unincorporated place
* [[Salem, Iowa]]
* [[Salem, Kentucky]]
* [[Salem, Massachusetts]], where the 1692 witch trials were held
** [[Salem Harbor]]
** [[Salem Channel]], a part of the Salem Sound
* [[Salem Township, Allegan County, Michigan]]
* [[Salem Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan]]
** [[Salem, Michigan]], an unincorporated community
* [[Salem, Missouri]], county seat of Dent County
* [[Salem, Lewis County, Missouri]]
* [[Salem, Nebraska]]
* [[Salem, New Hampshire]]
* [[Salem County, New Jersey]]
** [[Salem, New Jersey]], county seat of Salem County
** [[Salem Nuclear Power Plant]]
** [[Salem River]], a tributary of the Delaware River
** [[Port of Salem]]
* [[Salem, New Mexico]]
* [[Salem, New York]], town in Washington County
** [[Salem (hamlet), New York]], within the town of Salem
* Salem, an earlier name of [[Brocton, New York]], in Chautauqua County
* [[Salem, North Carolina]], census-designated place in Burke County
* [[Winston-Salem, North Carolina]], in Forsyth County formed from merger of Salem and Winston
* [[Salem, Ohio]]
* [[Salem, Oklahoma]]
* [[Salem, Oregon]], the state capital and largest U.S. city named Salem
** [[Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area]], consisting of Marion and Polk counties
* [[Salem, South Carolina]], in Oconee County
* [[Salem, South Dakota]], county seat of McCook County
* [[Salem, Tennessee]], an unincorporated community
* [[Salem, Cherokee County, Texas]], an unincorporated community
* Salem, [[Smith County, Texas]], an unincorporated community
* [[Salem, Utah]], a city
* [[Salem, Virginia]], an independent city
* [[Salem, Virginia Beach, Virginia]], a neighborhood
* [[Salem, West Virginia]], a city in Harrison County
* [[Salem, Fayette County, West Virginia]], an unincorporated community
* [[Salem, Wisconsin (disambiguation)]], several places
* [[Salem Township (disambiguation)]]


The area also houses a number of [[sago]] factories for the production starch. In Salem district, {{convert|34000|ha|sqmi}} of land are devoted to [[cassava]] and 650 industrial units are engaged in tapioca processing. In 1981, the Salem Starch and Sago Manufacturers Service Industrial Co-operative Society (SAGOSERVE) was established to promote the sago industry and nearly 80 percent of the national demand for sago and starch is met by SAGOSERVE.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sagoserve|url=http://www.indcom.tn.gov.in/sagoserve.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701143717/http://www.indcom.tn.gov.in/sagoserve.htm|archive-date=1 July 2017|access-date=10 May 2016|work=indcom|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In and around Salem cassava yields are 25–30 tons per hectare, one of the highest in the world; the national average is 19 tons per hectare, and the world average is 10 tons.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sagoserve profile|url=http://www.sagoserve.com/profile1.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000313/http://www.sagoserve.com/profile1.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=10 May 2016|work=Sagoserve|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
===Elsewhere===
<!-- alphabetical by country -->
* [[Salem, Brebes]], a subdistrict in Central Java, Indonesia
* [[Salem, Myanmar]]
* [[Salem, Montserrat]]
* [[Salem, Eastern Cape]], South Africa
* [[Salem, Valencia]], Spain


The Salem Steel Plant, a unit of the [[Steel Authority of India]], produces cold-rolled [[stainless steel]] and a hot-rolled stainless-carbon steel alloy. The plant is being expanded and modernized, with plans for steel-melting and continuous-casting facilities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Salem Steel|url=http://www.sail.co.in/pnu.php?tag=special_salem|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902132018/http://sail.co.in/pnu.php?tag=special_salem|archive-date=2 September 2013|access-date=10 May 2016|work=SAIL|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Southern Iron and Steel Company (part of [[JSW Steel Ltd#Salem Works|JSW Steel]]) have their first integrated steel plant in Salem for the production of [[Thermomechanical processing|TMT]] corrosion-resistant bars and [[alloy steel]]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=JSW Companies:Salem Works|url=http://www.jsw.in/companies/company_siscol.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412184341/http://www.jsw.in/companies/company_siscol.shtml|archive-date=12 April 2013|access-date=10 May 2016|work=JSW|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=JSW Steels Ltd :TIDCO|url=http://www.tidco.com/sisel.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516112012/http://www.tidco.com/sisel.html|archive-date=16 May 2016|access-date=10 May 2016|work=TIDCO|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Salem region is rich in mineral ores, with some of the largest [[magnesite]] and [[bauxite]] deposits in India. Public and private magnesite factories include Burn Standard and Company, Dalmia Magnesites and Tata Refractories.<ref>{{cite web|title=Magnesite|url=http://www.tnmine.tn.nic.in/TN-Mining.htm#Magnesite|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033759/http://www.tnmine.tn.nic.in/TN-Mining.htm#Magnesite|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=10 May 2016|work=Dept.Geology and mining, TN|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== Arts, entertainment, and media==


Salem Mango<ref>{{Cite web|title=Salem Mango {{!}} Buy Organic fresh Salem Mangoes online direct from farms|url=https://www.salemmango.com/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222173453/https://www.salemmango.com/|archive-date=22 December 2018|access-date=2018-12-22|website=Salem Mango|df=dmy-all}}</ref> belt contributes the economy in large scale by exporting mangoes to foreign countries and supplying mangoes all over India. The Leigh Bazaar is the region's largest market for agricultural products. The Tamil Nadu government and the [[Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu]] are planning a {{convert|160|acre|ha|adj=on}} IT park in the city.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tamilnadu Elcot Website|work=Elcot|url=http://elcot.in/it-parks.php?page=2#4|url-status=live|access-date=26 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080918053613/http://www.elcot.in/it-parks.php?page=2#4|archive-date=18 September 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Site for IT Park ideally situated|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/01/stories/2006090103810500.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=9 January 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930235245/http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/01/stories/2006090103810500.htm|archive-date=30 September 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Steel Authority of India is planning a {{convert|250|acre|ha|adj=on}} steel [[special economic zone]] in its Salem plant,<ref>{{cite news|title=Site for IT Park ideally situated|work=processingregister.com|url=http://www.processregister.com/Salem_Steel_S_E_Z/Project/pid20353.htm|url-status=live|access-date=26 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202164304/http://www.processregister.com/Salem_Steel_S_E_Z/Project/pid20353.htm|archive-date=2 February 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and an electrical and electronics [[Industrial park|industrial estate]] is in the Suramangalam area of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Electrical and electronics industries|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/policynotes/archives/policy2001-2/pbrsi6-e-2001-2.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421030716/http://www.tn.gov.in/policynotes/archives/policy2001-2/pbrsi6-e-2001-2.htm|archive-date=21 April 2009|access-date=10 May 2016|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
===Fictional characters===
* Salem, the main antagonist from the web series [[List of RWBY characters#Salem's Inner Circle|''RWBY'']]
* [[Salem Saberhagen]], a cat in the comic book and television series ''Sabrina, the Teenage Witch''
* Salem Vishnu, Indian film character played by Thiagarajan in ''[[New Delhi (1987 film)|New Delhi]]'' and ''[[Salem Vishnu]]''


Salem is also famous for its silver jewelry. Shevapet, Sivathapuram and Panangadu are the areas where the Silver Products are made in cottage industries. Salem produces World Class Artistic Silver Anklets, Toe Rings, Neck Chains, Pendents and Silverware. Salem has the presence of Multi-National Corporations, including Capgemini, First American (India) Financial Corporation (FAI), Whirlpool Warehouse, Vee Technologies, and SourceHOV LLC. The Tamil Nadu government is trying to get [[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited]] onboard to set up a manufacturing unit at Salem as the state has been chosen for establishing the Center's ambitious defense corridor project with Salem being one of the nodes.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hindustan Aeronautics Limited|first=Salem|date=2019-03-17|title=Tamil Nadu Pursuing HAL To Set Up Manufacturing Unit At Salem|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/tamil-nadu-pursuing-hal-to-set-up-manufacturing-unit-at-salem-2008900|access-date=2020-07-06|work=[[NDTV]]|language=en}}</ref>
=== Music ===
* [[Salem (American band)]], an electronic music band
* [[Salem (British rock band)]]
* [[Salem (British punk band)]]
* [[Salem (Israeli band)]], an extreme metal band
* [[Salem (record label)]], a 1960s New Zealand music publisher


==Administration and politics==
=== Television ===
{| style="clear:right; float:right; background:#ffffff; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;" class="toccolours" width="220" font-size : "90%"
* [[Salem (Days of Our Lives)|Salem (''Days of Our Lives'')]], the setting of the American soap opera ''Days of our Lives''
|-
* [[Salem (TV series)|''Salem'' (TV series)]], a 2014 horror drama
!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|Municipal corporation officials
|-
|align="center"| Mayor||vacant|<ref name="mayor">{{cite web|title=Chairman of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/who_mayor.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116125703/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/who_mayor.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|Commissioner||ChristuRaj<ref>{{cite web|title=Commissioner of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Commissioner.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116121639/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Commissioner.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|Deputy Mayor|| vacant<ref>{{cite web|title=Vice chairman of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Deputy_mayor.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116125624/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Deputy_mayor.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|Member of Legislative Assembly
|-
|align="center"|[[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]]||[[Rajendiran]]<ref name="MLA1 of Salem">{{cite web|title=MLA of Salem (North)|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/089.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=29 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128114126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/089.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|[[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]]||[[Arul Ramadoss]]<ref name="MLA2 of Salem">{{cite web|title=MLA of Salem (West)|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/090.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=29 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128114131/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/090.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|[[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]]||[[Balasubramanian]]<ref name="MLA3 of Salem">{{cite web|title=MLA of Salem (East)|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/088.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=29 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128114121/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/088.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|Member of Parliament
|-
|align="center"|[[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)|Salem]]||[[Thiru S.R.Parthiban]]<ref name="Rit">{{cite web|title=Members of Lok Sabha from Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/government/loksaba|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2014|access-date=26 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212950/http://www.tn.gov.in/government/loksaba|archive-date=27 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|}
Salem is the headquarters of [[Salem district]]. The town was constituted as a municipality in 1867, and was upgraded to a special-grade municipality in 1979 and to a municipal corporation on 1 April 1994. The Salem municipal corporation has 72 wards,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Salem-Corporation-to-increase-number-of-wards/article14377048.ece|title= Salem Corporation to increase number of wards|work=The Hindu|date=1 June 2016|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref> each with an elected councillor.<ref>{{cite web|title=About the municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525235102/https://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.html|archive-date=25 May 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The functions of the municipal corporation are divided into six departments: general administration and personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, city planning and information technology (IT). All six departments are governed by a municipal commissioner.<ref>{{cite web|title=Commissioner of Municipal Administration|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm|publisher=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106103849/http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm|archive-date=6 November 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Legislative power is vested in the 60-member council,<ref>{{cite web|title=Councillors of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/councilors.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116121712/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/councilors.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> headed by an elected chairperson and assisted by a deputy chairperson.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Economic and political weekly, Volume 30|pages=2396|publisher=Sameeksha Trust|year=1995}}</ref>


Law and order is maintained by the Salem city subdivision of the [[Tamil Nadu Police]], headed by a [[Deputy superintendent]]. Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch headed by a superintendent of police.<ref>{{cite web|title=Salem Police|url=http://www.tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29598|publisher=Tamil Nadu Police|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011140954/http://tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29598|archive-date=11 October 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
===Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media===
* [[Salem (comics)|''Salem'' (comics)]] or ''Salem: Queen of Thorns'', US, 2008
* [[Salem (video game)|''Salem'' (video game)]], a Java-based MMORPG
* [[Town of Salem (video game)|''Town of Salem'' (video game)]], a social deduction game
* [[Salem (painting)|''Salem'' (painting)]], 1908 painting by Sydney Curnow Vosper
* ''[[Salem Weekly]]'', an alternative newspaper, Oregon


Salem is a part of the [[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]], [[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]] and [[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]] assembly constituencies delineated in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Constituencies, Post-Delimitation 2008|url=http://www.elections.tn.nic.in/forms/int3.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Tamil Nadu|access-date=29 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515102633/http://elections.tn.nic.in/forms/int3.pdf|archive-date=15 May 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The city elects the three members to the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] once every five years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/Const_map/map.htm|title=List of Assembly Constituencies|year=2010|access-date=28 December 2012|work=Tamil Nadu|publisher=Tamil Nadu state government|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614070155/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/const_map/map.htm|archive-date=14 June 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Present MLAs are [[R. Mohan Raj]] (Salem North) from [[Desiya Murpokku Dravidar Kazhagam]], [[M. K. Selvaraju]] (Salem West) and [[G. Venkatachalam]] (Salem South) from [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]].<ref name="MLA1 of Salem"/><ref name="MLA2 of Salem"/><ref name="MLA3 of Salem"/>
== Brands and enterprises==
* [[Salem (cigarette)]], an American brand
* [[Salem Media Group]], an American Christian-based radio broadcaster, internet content provider, and publisher


Until 2008, the city was part of the [[Salem&nbsp;– I (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem I]] and [[Salem&nbsp;– II (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem II]] assembly constituencies. Since 1977, the ADMK party won the Salem I assembly seat five times (1977, 1980, 1984, 2001 and 2006); [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] won twice (1989 and 1996), and the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) won in 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp88.htm|title=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512232527/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp88.htm|archive-date=12 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Since 1977, the ADMK won the Salem II assembly seat three times (1980, 1984 and 1991) and the DMK also won three times (1989, 1996 and 2006); the [[Janata Party]] (JP) won in 1977 and [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] (PMK) won in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp89.htm|title=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512232540/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp89.htm|archive-date=12 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== Educational institutions ==
* [[Salem Academy]], North Carolina
* [[Salem College]], North Carolina
* [[Salem High School (disambiguation)]], several in the United States
* [[Salem State University]], Massachusetts
* [[Salem University]], West Virginia
* [[Schule Schloss Salem]] (Salem Castle School or Salem College), Germany


The city is part of the [[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)|Salem]] [[Lok Sabha]] constituency consisting of six [[Electoral district|assembly constituencies]]: [[Omalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Omalur]], [[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]], [[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]], [[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]], [[Veerapandi (State Assembly Constituency)|Veerapandi]] and [[Edappadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Edappadi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf|title=List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies|access-date=9 October 2008|publisher=Election Commission of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060504185928/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf|archive-date=4 May 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Since 1952, the Salem parliament seat was held by the Indian National Congress eight times (1952, 1957, 1962, 1984, 1989, 1991 and 2004), by the ADMK four times (1977, 1991, 2009 and 2014), by DMK three times (1967, 1971 and 1980), and once each by an independent (1998) and the [[Tamil Maanila Congress]] (1996).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1957 to the Second Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010220539/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=49|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009143136/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=67|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011003936/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS_71.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=71|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009211004/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS_71.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=80|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009193317/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=79|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=73|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010172057/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=81|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011052618/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1991/VOL_I_LS_91.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=51|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011125200/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1991/VOL_I_LS_91.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=86|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183504/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=85|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011114340/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=85|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009232255/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=94|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010203826/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is S. R. Parthiban from the DMK.<ref name="Rit"/>
== Mathematics ==
==Demographics==
* [[Salem number]], a real algebraic integer with certain properties
{{Main|Demographics of Salem}}
* [[Salem Prize]], an award for young mathematicians
{{Historical populations
|state=collapsed
|align=right
|1871 |50012
|1881 |50667
|1891 |67710
|1901 |70621
|1911|59153
|1921|52244
|1931|102179
|1941|129702
|1951|203052
|1961|249145
|1971|
|1981|
|1991|366712
|2001|696760
|2011|829267
}}
{{bar box|title=Religious census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|Orange|89.79}}{{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|7.48}}{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|2.36}}{{bar percent|[[Jainism|Jain]]|Blue|0.11}}{{bar percent|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]|yellow|0.02}}{{bar percent|[[Buddhism|Buddhist]]|Gold|0.01}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|0.2}}{{bar percent|[[Irreligion|No religion]]|violet|0.02}}}}


Salem had a population of 826,267 in the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]]. There were 987 females for every 1,000 males, significantly higher than the national average of 929. The main language spoken is Tamil. Kannada is spoken among Devayanga community.<ref name="dashboard">{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113144743/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|archive-date=13 November 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> A total of 79,067 were under age six: 40,570 males and 38,497 females. The city's literacy rate was 76.37 percent, higher than the national average of 72.99 percent.<ref name="dashboard"/> Salem had 215,747 households and a total of 332,147 workers: 1,599 farmers, 3,040 agricultural laborers, 32,597 in household industries, 278,892 other workers, 16,019 part-time workers, 165 part-time farmers, 544 part-time agricultural workers, 1,937 part-time workers in household industries and 13,373 other part-time workers.<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals&nbsp;– Salem(05740)|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684822|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924144330/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684822|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> As per the religious census of 2011, Salem had 89.79% [[Hindus]], 7.48% [[Muslims]], 2.36% [[Christians]], 0.11% [[Jainism|Jains]], 0.02% [[Sikhs]], 0.01% [[Buddhists]], 0.2% following other religions and 0.02% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference.<ref name=religion2011>{{cite web|title=Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|format=XLS|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|access-date=13 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913045700/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|archive-date=13 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== Religious institutions ==


{{Clear}}
* [[Salem Chapel (disambiguation)]], several chapels worldwide
* [[Salem International]], a German Christian charity
* [[Salem Methodist Church Complex (Cincinnati, Ohio)]]
* [[South Asian Lutheran Evangelical Mission]], a church organization in Hong Kong


==Religious Landmarks==
== Sports ==
[[File:Sri Kailasanathar Temple gopuram in Tharamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India.jpg|thumb|Sugavaneshwarar Temple in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India]]
* [[Salem RidgeYaks]], a minor league baseball team in Salem, Virginia
Salem has a number of [[Hindu]] temples. The Kottai Mariamman Temple, dedicated to the goddess [[Mariamman]], has an annual five-day festival during the [[Tamil calendar#Months|Tamizh month]] of Aadi (mid-July to mid-August).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.maalaimalar.com/Devotional/Worship/2016/08/01092553/1029756/Salem-Kottai-Mariamman-Temple-aadi-festival.vpf|title=SalemKottaiMariamman Aadi Festival|publisher=Maalaimalar|date=1 August 2016|access-date=24 January 2018|language=ta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125015206/http://www.maalaimalar.com/Devotional/Worship/2016/08/01092553/1029756/Salem-Kottai-Mariamman-Temple-aadi-festival.vpf|archive-date=25 January 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The temple's [[gopuram]] is made up of seven tiers. Sugavaneshwarar Temple is dedicated to [[Shiva]], and according to mythology the sage Sugha Brahmarishi worshiped here. Arunagirinadhar sang a song about [[Kartikeya|Muruga]] in the temple, which was built during the 13th century by Mamannan Sundara Pandiyan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://temple.dinamalar.com/en/New_en.php?id=780 |title=Dinamalar Temple &#124; News &#124; Thuligal &#124; Information &#124; Temple news &#124; Story &#124; Purana Kathigal |publisher=Temple.dinamalar.com |access-date=10 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405030939/http://temple.dinamalar.com/en/New_en.php?id=780 |archive-date=5 April 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Kottai Perumal Temple, Skandhashram,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vikatan.com/news/tamilnadu/114652-5-persons-drowned-in-salem.html|title=5 persons drowned in salem|publisher=Vikatan|date=27 January 2018|access-date=29 January 2018|language=ta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129195559/https://www.vikatan.com/news/tamilnadu/114652-5-persons-drowned-in-salem.html|archive-date=29 January 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> 
* [[Salem Soldiers]], a former semi-professional basketball team from Salem, Oregon team
* [[Salem Spartans]], a cricket team representing Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India
* [[Salem Witches (baseball)]], a former minor league baseball team of the New England League


Jamia Masjid, on the southern bank of the Thirumanimutharu River in the heart of the city, is Salem's oldest [[mosque]]. It was reportedly built by the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] ruler [[Tipu Sultan]], who is said to have prayed here. The ''Masjid Inam'' granted to the mosque in 1862 was confirmed by the British with a special resolution in 1880.<ref>{{cite news | last = Muthahar Saqaf | first = Syed | title = One of the tallest minarets in South India | newspaper = [[The Hindu]] | location = Salem | publisher = The Hindu | date = 5 July 2018 | url = https://www.thehindu.com/society/faith/the-new-minaret-here-is-one-of-the-tallest/article24339163.ece | access-date = 6 July 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180903082154/https://www.thehindu.com/society/faith/the-new-minaret-here-is-one-of-the-tallest/article24339163.ece | archive-date = 3 September 2018 | url-status = live | df = dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mosque Details in Corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Temples.php|access-date=4 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113173225/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Temples.php|archive-date=13 January 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mosque Details in Salem District Govt Site|url=https://salem.nic.in/tourist-place/temples/|access-date=8 December 2020|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== Transportation ==
* [[Salem Airport (disambiguation)]]
[[Christ Church, Salem|Christ Church]] is located on Fort Road and the church was consecrated in 1875.<ref name=Hindu-2014>{{cite news|last1=Saravanan|first1=S P|title=Christ Church celebrates 140 years of service in Salem|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/christ-church-celebrates-140-years-of-service-in-salem/article6667276.ece|access-date=14 August 2015|place=Salem|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=6 December 2014}}</ref> The other popular churches in and around the city includes Lechler Memorial Church, the oldest church in Salem, was built in 1856 by a German missionary in Fort Salem.<ref>{{cite web|title=Church and Temple Details in Salem Local Planning Authority Website|url=http://www.salem.tn.nic.in/slpa/heritage-vital.htm/|access-date=8 December 2020|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* [[Salem station (MBTA)]], a commuter rail station in Salem, Massachusetts
* [[Salem station (Oregon)]], a railroad station in Salem, Oregon
* [[Salem (supertanker)|''Salem'' (supertanker)]], an oil carrier involved in maritime insurance fraud
 
== Other uses ==
* [[Salem (name)]], people with the name
* Salem, a cultivar of [[rosemary]]
* [[USS Salem|USS ''Salem'']], three ships of the United States Navy
 
== See also ==
* [[Salem witch trials]], 1692–93,  Massachusetts
* [[Salem witchcraft trial (1878)]] or second Salem witch trial
** [[Salem Maritime National Historic Site]]
* [[New Salem (disambiguation)]]
* [[South Salem (disambiguation)]]
* [[West Salem (disambiguation)]]
* [[Salem Creek (disambiguation)]], various streams
* [[Salim (disambiguation)]]
 
{{disambiguation|geo}}

Latest revision as of 07:26, 27 March 2026

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  • Salem, the main antagonist from the web series RWBY
  • Salem Saberhagen, a cat in the comic book and television series Sabrina, the Teenage Witch
  • Salem Vishnu, Indian film character played by Thiagarajan in New Delhi and Salem Vishnu

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