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| death_date = 14 July 1926 (aged 32) | | death_date = 14 July 1926 (aged 32) | ||
| death_place = [[Asheville, North Carolina]], United States | | death_place = [[Asheville, North Carolina]], United States | ||
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'''Olive Katherine Craddock''' (22 January 1894 – 14 July 1926) was an [[Anglo-Indian]] dancer trained in [[British India]] who danced under the name '''Roshanara'''. She was known for showing central Indian dance techniques in Britain and America. She died in her thirties from [[appendicitis]].<ref name=obit/> | '''Olive Katherine Craddock''' (22 January 1894 – 14 July 1926) was an [[Anglo-Indian]] dancer trained in [[British India]] who danced under the name '''Roshanara'''. She was known for showing central Indian dance techniques in Britain and America. She died in her thirties from [[appendicitis]].<ref name=obit/> | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Craddock was born on 22 January 1892 in [[Calcutta]]. Her father was John James Nolan Craddock who was Anglo-Indian and her mother was Mabel Mary Ann Adams who was British. She learned to dance in India | Craddock was born on 22 January 1892 in [[Calcutta]]. Her father was John James Nolan Craddock who was Anglo-Indian and her mother was Mabel Mary Ann Adams who was British. She learned to dance in India<ref name=vam>[https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1292333/roshanara-print-farro-e/ Roshanara], Victoria and Albert Museum, Retrieved 14 October 2015</ref> before she moved to Britain around 1909. Craddock took the name Roshanara which built on the celebrity of the princess [[Roshanara Begum]].<ref name=npg>{{cite web |url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp55949/roshanara-olive-craddock |title=Olive Craddock |access-date=2015-06-06 |publisher=[[National Portrait Gallery, London|National Portrait Gallery]] }}</ref> | ||
[[File:Roshanara-by-Robert-Henri-107.jpg|thumb|left|Roshanara by [[Robert Henri]]]] | [[File:Roshanara-by-Robert-Henri-107.jpg|thumb|left|Roshanara by [[Robert Henri]]]] | ||
She danced with [[Loie Fuller]]'s company and then undertook training with the Spanish dancer [[Carmen Tórtola Valencia]]. In 1911 she danced in London in [[Oscar Asche]]'s [[Kismet (play)|Kismet]] and then as Zobeide in [[Scheherazade]]. This role was with the [[Ballets Russes]] at [[Covent Garden]]. The following year she appeared with [[Anna Pavlova]]'s dance company as a speciality dancer.<ref name=vam/> She had several dances that were performed using extracts from the 1880s Oriental opera [[Lakmé]]<ref name="Jowitt1989">{{cite book|author=Deborah Jowitt|title=Time and the Dancing Image|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uaECpiO__W8C&pg=PA147|year=1989|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-06627-4|pages=147–148}}</ref> by the French composer [[Léo Delibes]]. | She danced with [[Loie Fuller]]'s company and then undertook training with the Spanish dancer [[Carmen Tórtola Valencia]]. In 1911 she danced in London in [[Oscar Asche]]'s [[Kismet (play)|Kismet]] and then as Zobeide in [[Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov)|Scheherazade]]. This role was with the [[Ballets Russes]] at [[Covent Garden]]. The following year she appeared with [[Anna Pavlova]]'s dance company as a speciality dancer.<ref name=vam/> She had several dances that were performed using extracts from the 1880s Oriental opera [[Lakmé]]<ref name="Jowitt1989">{{cite book|author=Deborah Jowitt|title=Time and the Dancing Image|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uaECpiO__W8C&pg=PA147|year=1989|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-06627-4|pages=147–148}}</ref> by the French composer [[Léo Delibes]]. | ||
Craddock started to work in the United States in 1916 where she appeared in Vaudeville theatres. In 1917 she and Japanese dancer [[Michio Itō]] were the specialty dancers with [[Adolf Bolm]]'s company ''Ballet Intime''.<ref name="Jowitt1989"/> Roshanara also appeared with [[Ratan Devi]] who was a British singer who had been to India to study music. Devi was accompanied by her husband [[Ananda Coomaraswamy]] who was employed by the Boston Museum of Art as an expert on Indian culture. Coomaraswamy wrote about how Roshanara was an authentic [[nautch]] dancer in contrast to [[Ruth St Denis]] who a few years before had shown Indian style dances.<ref name="Jost2011">{{cite book|author=Diana Brenscheidt gen. Jost|title=Shiva Onstage: Uday Shankar's Company of Hindu Dancers and Musicians in Europe and the United States, 1931–38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-3NspSRoAAC&pg=PA135|year=2011|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-643-90108-8|pages=135–136}}</ref> | Craddock started to work in the United States in 1916 where she appeared in Vaudeville theatres. In 1917 she and Japanese dancer [[Michio Itō]] were the specialty dancers with [[Adolf Bolm]]'s company ''Ballet Intime''.<ref name="Jowitt1989"/><ref>{{Cite news |date=December 20, 1917 |title=Roshanara's Danse Divertissements |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/harrisburg-telegraph-roshanaras-danse-d/164397022/ |access-date=January 31, 2024 |work=Harrisburg Telegraph |pages=18}}</ref> Roshanara also appeared with [[Ratan Devi]] who was a British singer who had been to India to study music. Devi was accompanied by her husband [[Ananda Coomaraswamy]] who was employed by the Boston Museum of Art as an expert on Indian culture. Coomaraswamy wrote about how Roshanara was an authentic [[nautch]] dancer in contrast to [[Ruth St Denis]] who a few years before had shown Indian style dances.<ref name="Jost2011">{{cite book|author=Diana Brenscheidt gen. Jost|title=Shiva Onstage: Uday Shankar's Company of Hindu Dancers and Musicians in Europe and the United States, 1931–38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-3NspSRoAAC&pg=PA135|year=2011|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-643-90108-8|pages=135–136}}</ref> | ||
Craddock arrived as an "alien" emigrant in New York in 1923. Craddock taught dancing and the later film star, [[Bette Davis]] was one of her pupils.<ref name=vam/> She died in her thirties on 16 July 1926 in [[Asheville, North Carolina]].<ref name=obit>{{cite news |title=Roshanara Is Dead. Famous Dancer's Body Is Being Brought Here From Asheville, N.C. |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D01E4DF1331EE3ABC4E52DFB166838D639EDE |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=16 July 1926 |access-date=2015-06-06 }}</ref> from appendicitis.<ref name=npg/> | Craddock arrived as an "alien" emigrant in New York in 1923. Craddock taught dancing and the later film star, [[Bette Davis]] was one of her pupils.<ref name=vam/> She died in her thirties on 16 July 1926 in [[Asheville, North Carolina]].<ref name=obit>{{cite news |title=Roshanara Is Dead. Famous Dancer's Body Is Being Brought Here From Asheville, N.C. |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D01E4DF1331EE3ABC4E52DFB166838D639EDE |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=16 July 1926 |access-date=2015-06-06 }}</ref> from appendicitis.<ref name=npg/> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category | {{Commons category}} | ||
*[http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp55949/roshanara-olive-craddock Olive Craddock] at the [[National Portrait Gallery, London|National Portrait Gallery]] | *[http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp55949/roshanara-olive-craddock Olive Craddock] at the [[National Portrait Gallery, London|National Portrait Gallery]] | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1892 births]] | ||
[[Category:1926 deaths]] | [[Category:1926 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Artists from Kolkata]] | [[Category:Artists from Kolkata]] | ||
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[[Category:20th-century Indian women artists]] | [[Category:20th-century Indian women artists]] | ||
[[Category:Deaths from appendicitis]] | [[Category:Deaths from appendicitis]] | ||
[[Category:Emigrants from British India to the United Kingdom]] | |||
Latest revision as of 08:38, 10 February 2026
Roshanara | |
|---|---|
 Roshanara by Underwood & Underwood | |
| Born | Olive Katherine Craddock 22 January 1894 |
| Died | 14 July 1926 (aged 32) Asheville, North Carolina, United States |
| Occupation | dancer |
Olive Katherine Craddock (22 January 1894 – 14 July 1926) was an Anglo-Indian dancer trained in British India who danced under the name Roshanara. She was known for showing central Indian dance techniques in Britain and America. She died in her thirties from appendicitis.[1]
Biography[edit | edit source]
Craddock was born on 22 January 1892 in Calcutta. Her father was John James Nolan Craddock who was Anglo-Indian and her mother was Mabel Mary Ann Adams who was British. She learned to dance in India[2] before she moved to Britain around 1909. Craddock took the name Roshanara which built on the celebrity of the princess Roshanara Begum.[3]
She danced with Loie Fuller's company and then undertook training with the Spanish dancer Carmen Tórtola Valencia. In 1911 she danced in London in Oscar Asche's Kismet and then as Zobeide in Scheherazade. This role was with the Ballets Russes at Covent Garden. The following year she appeared with Anna Pavlova's dance company as a speciality dancer.[2] She had several dances that were performed using extracts from the 1880s Oriental opera Lakmé[4] by the French composer Léo Delibes.
Craddock started to work in the United States in 1916 where she appeared in Vaudeville theatres. In 1917 she and Japanese dancer Michio Itō were the specialty dancers with Adolf Bolm's company Ballet Intime.[4][5] Roshanara also appeared with Ratan Devi who was a British singer who had been to India to study music. Devi was accompanied by her husband Ananda Coomaraswamy who was employed by the Boston Museum of Art as an expert on Indian culture. Coomaraswamy wrote about how Roshanara was an authentic nautch dancer in contrast to Ruth St Denis who a few years before had shown Indian style dances.[6]
Craddock arrived as an "alien" emigrant in New York in 1923. Craddock taught dancing and the later film star, Bette Davis was one of her pupils.[2] She died in her thirties on 16 July 1926 in Asheville, North Carolina.[1] from appendicitis.[3]
Works[edit | edit source]
Roshanara copyrighted ten of her dances.[7]
Legacy[edit | edit source]
Craddock has been compared to the American dancer Ruth St. Denis who popularised oriental style dances in America. Although Craddock had been trained in India she devoted her time to improving the perfection of her dance. Ruth St. Denis was inspired by Oriental style dance and she founded her own dance school where her students included Martha Graham. Craddock never established her own school and this is considered the reason that she never had the lasting impact that Ruth St. Denis made.[2] Deborah Jowitt writes that Craddock's dances may not have been learnt in India in fact she believes there is a lot of similarity between Craddock's style and that of St Denis some years before. St Denis however seemed to respect Craddock and she followed her career.[4]
Roshenara was captured by Ashcan painter Robert Henri. The painting sold for $132,500 in 2000.[8]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Roshanara Is Dead. Famous Dancer's Body Is Being Brought Here From Asheville, N.C." New York Times. 16 July 1926. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Roshanara, Victoria and Albert Museum, Retrieved 14 October 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Olive Craddock". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Deborah Jowitt (1989). Time and the Dancing Image. University of California Press. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-0-520-06627-4.
- ↑ "Roshanara's Danse Divertissements". Harrisburg Telegraph. 20 December 1917. p. 18. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ↑ Diana Brenscheidt gen. Jost (2011). Shiva Onstage: Uday Shankar's Company of Hindu Dancers and Musicians in Europe and the United States, 1931–38. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 135–136. ISBN 978-3-643-90108-8.
- ↑ Dances, Viaf File, Retrieved 17 October 2015
- ↑ American Paintings, The City Review, Retrieved 14 October 2015