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{{short description|Indian godman and cult leader}}
{{short description|Spiritual teacher}}
 


</noinclude>{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
</noinclude>{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name              = Kalki Bhagawan
| name              = Sri Bhagawan
| image              = Sri_Bhagavan.jpg
| image              = Sri_Bhagavan.jpg
| alt                =  
| alt                =  
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| occupation        =  
| occupation        =  
| years_active      =  
| years_active      =  
| known_for          = Founder of Kalki cult
| known_for          = Oneness
| spouse            = {{marriage|Bujjamma a.k.a. 'Padmavathi'|1977}}
| spouse            = {{marriage|Padmavathi|1977}}
| website            =  
| website            =  
}}
}}


'''Kalki Bhagawan''' (born '''Vijay kumar Naidu''', 7 March 1949), also known as Sri Bhagavan,<ref name="ET">{{Cite news |last=Nadkarni |first=Vithal C. |year=2008 |title=Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/oneness-to-the-rescue-of-a-world-in-peril/articleshow/2732690.cms}}</ref> is an Indian [[Godman (India)|godman]], businessman, real estate investor, and founder of the ''Kalki'' [[cult]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Vijaykumar: From humble beginning to Godman Kalki |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/vijaykumar-from-humble-beginning-to-godman-kalki/1643581 |website=www.outlookindia.com/ |access-date=6 August 2021}}</ref> <ref name="theweek1">{{cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2019/11/09/mystic-and-the-moolah.html|title=Mystic and the moolah|website=The Week|access-date=1 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive |url=https://www.lifepositive.com/bhagwan-kalki/ |website=lifepositive.com |access-date=23 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The cult of Kalki |url=https://mm-gold.azureedge.net/Articles/nayak/cult_kalki.html |website=mm-gold.azureedge.net |access-date=23 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=How Kalki gave me a story, but not an Aishwarya look-alike |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/chennaitalkies/how-kalki-gave-me-a-story-but-not-an-aishwarya-look-alike/ |website=Times of India Blog |access-date=23 May 2020 |date=4 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Kalki Craze Outlook India Magazine |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/the-kalki-craze/203495 |access-date=23 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Shobha |first1=V |title=The cult of Kalki Bhagavan |url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/ |website=Open The Magazine |access-date=23 May 2020}}</ref> A former clerk in [[Life Insurance Corporation|LIC]], he gained popularity during the 1990s and early 2000s, by claiming to be [[Kalki]], an [[incarnation]] of [[God]] according to [[Hinduism]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-18|title=IT seizes Rs 33 cr from premises of godman Kalki Bhagwan and son|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/it-seizes-rs-33-cr-from-premises-of-godman-kalki-bhagwan-and-son/story-ndqZShE1PsrSunzVPedwmJ.html|access-date=2020-06-28|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
'''Sri Bhagawan''' (born 7 March 1949 as '''Vijay Kumar Naidu'''), popularly known as '''Kalki Bhagavan''', is a spiritual teacher from India.<ref name="ET2">{{Cite news |last=Nadkarni |first=Vithal C. |year=2008 |title=Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/oneness-to-the-rescue-of-a-world-in-peril/articleshow/2732690.cms}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated132">{{cite web |title=Oneness Movement – WRSP |url=https://wrldrels.org/2018/08/17/oneness-movement/ |language=en}}</ref> He is the founder of a spiritual organization called Oneness.<ref name="autogenerated42">{{Cite book |last1=Preethaji |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uUaBDwAAQBAJ&q=preetha+krishna |title=The Four Sacred Secrets: For Love and Prosperity, A Guide to Living in a Beautiful State |last2=Krishnaji |date=6 August 2019 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-5011-7379-0 |language=en}}</ref> which has its headquarters in [[Varadaiahpalem]], [[Tirupati]] district in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name="english.religion.info2">{{Cite web |date=2008-07-13 |title=India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan |url=https://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/ |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Religioscope |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
In 1989, Vijay kumar launched ''Kalki'' cult (a.k.a ''Oneness University''),<ref>{{cite web |title=The cult of Kalki |url=https://mm-gold.azureedge.net/Articles/nayak/cult_kalki.html |website=mm-gold.azureedge.net |access-date=28 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Cult of Kalki Bhagavan |url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/ |website=Open The Magazine |access-date=28 November 2020 |date=1 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Inside godman Kalki Bhagwan's world: Bollywood celebs, real estate and drugs |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2019/10/17/inside-godman-kalki-bhagwan-world-bollywood-celebs-real-estate-drugs.html |website=The Week |access-date=28 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref> as a type of [[New Religious Movement]] (NRM), by claiming to give [[Enlightenment (spiritual)|spiritual enlightenment]] to his followers and inaugurate  [[Eschatology|eschatological]] [[Golden Age|golden age]] in the year 2012 (see [[2012 phenomenon]]). It began to fall apart in 2009, when senior instructors including his son NKV Krishna (“Krishnaji”), disaffiliated from Vijaykumar to form a rival cult<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ardagh|first=Arjuna|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ontwaken-in-eenheid-de-kracht-van-de-oneness-blessing-in-de-evolutie-van-ons-bewustzijn/oclc/662568093|title=Ontwaken in eenheid: de kracht van de oneness blessing in de evolutie van ons bewustzijn|last2=Wel|first2=Anna van der|date=2010|publisher=Zwerk|isbn=978-90-77478-32-5|location=Houten|language=Dutch|oclc=662568093}}</ref>. In 2017, Kalki cult's operations were handed over to his son  and daughter-in-law [[Preetha Krishna]] (“Preethaji”), who re-branded it to ''O&O Academy''.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web |last1=Thorsén |first1=Elin |title=Oneness of Different Kinds: A Comparative Study of Amma and Bhagavan's Oneness Movement in India and Sweden |url=https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/33618/1/gupea_2077_33618_1.pdf |website=Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kalki |first1=Cult of |title=Cult of Kalki |url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/ |website=Open Magazine |publisher=Open Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=lifepositive |url=https://www.lifepositive.com/the-school-for-enlightenment/ |website=lifepositive.com |publisher=Religioscope }}</ref><ref name='RA'>{{cite web |title=India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan |url=https://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/ |website=Religioscope |date=13 July 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Founders |first1=OO academy |title=OO Academy Founders |url=https://www.oo.academy/founders/ |website=OO Academy |publisher=OO Academy |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=OM |first1=WRSP |title=WRSP – OM |url=https://wrldrels.org/2018/08/17/oneness-movement/ |website=WRSP |publisher=WRSP |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref>
 
As a businessman, Kalki Bhagavan runs the [[White Lotus Conglomerate]] with his son and daughter-in-law. It is a group of companies with interests in real estate, mining, entertainment, sport, agriculture, education, finance and manufacturing.
 
In October 2019, Indian Law Enforcement agencies raided Kalki Bhagavan's properties and confiscated unaccounted assets worth US$67 Million. The [[Enforcement Directorate]] [[Attachment (law)|attached]] 900 acres of land belonging to his [[Ashram]] and registered a case against him under the [[Foreign Exchange Management Act]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=193865 |title=Income Tax Department conducts Search on a 'wellness group' in Chennai |publisher=Pib.gov.in |date=16 October 2019 |access-date=1 March 2020}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated6>{{cite web |last1=DTNext |first1=Publisher |title=907 acres linked to Kalki ashram attached |url=https://www.dtnext.in/News/City/2019/12/20020711/1204863/907-acres-linked-to-Kalki-ashram-attached.vpf |website=DT Next |date=20 December 2019 |publisher=DT Next |access-date=10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=900 acres of land owned by godman Kalki attached |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/900-acres-of-land-owned-by-godman-kalki-attached-787249.html |access-date=10 May 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |date=20 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Vijayakumar |first1=Sanjay |title=907 acres of land belonging to Kalki group attached |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/907-acres-of-land-belongingto-kalki-group-attached/article30351134.ece |access-date=10 May 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=19 December 2019 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Dec 21 |first1=B. Sivakumar |title=Kalki Bhagavan case: 900 acres of benami land attached by I-T {{!}} Chennai News – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/kalki-900-acres-of-benami-land-attached-by-i-t/articleshow/72909944.cms |access-date=10 May 2020 |work=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
 
In [[#Health|November 2019]], he suffered a heart attack.<ref name=autogenerated10>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/kalki-bhagwan-hospitalised/article30126960.ece|title='Kalki' Bhagwan hospitalised|date=1 December 2019|work=The Hindu|access-date=9 February 2020|others=Special Correspondent|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
 
== Claims and predictions ==
 
=== Tenth avatar of Vishnu ===
 
[[File:Kalki1790s.jpg|thumb|A depiction of Kalki, the prophesied tenth avatar of Vishnu]]
 
[[File:Kalki Avatar.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Kalki Avatar Punjab Hills, Guler, c. 1765.]]
 
In 1990, Vijaykumar Naidu claimed to be [[Kalki]], the tenth [[Avatar]] of [[Vishnu]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=S |first1=Jayaseelan K. |title=The rise of 'Kalki' Bhagwan: From an LIC agent to a self-proclaimed 'avatar' |url=https://thefederal.com/states/south/tamil-nadu/the-rise-of-kalki-bhagwan-from-an-lic-agent-to-a-self-proclaimed-avatar/ |website=The Federal |date=19 October 2019}}</ref> Kalki Bhagavan's wife, otherwise known as 'Amma', claims to be Vishnu's consort, Padmavati.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Swamy|first=Rohini|date=2019-10-22|title=Kalki Bhagavan, guru who started as LIC clerk & now has 'undisclosed income' of Rs 500 cr|url=https://theprint.in/india/kalki-bhagavan-guru-started-as-lic-clerk-undisclosed-income-500-crore/309158/|access-date=2020-06-29|website=ThePrint|language=en-US}}</ref> Kalki Bhagavan's claim that he had inaugurated the Hindu Golden Age was not well received by Hindu spiritual leaders.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Newcombe|first1=Suzanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N0wGDAAAQBAJ&q=millenial+prophesies+2012+kalki+bhagavan&pg=PA117|title=Prophecy in the New Millennium: When Prophecies Persist|last2=Harvey|first2=Sarah|date=2016-04-15|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-07459-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Townsend|first=R. Lataine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XHLORnAdMMC&q=foundation+for+world+awakening+2012+bhagavan&pg=PA156|title=2013: Beginning an Era of Hope and Harmony|date=2012-01-04|publisher=BalboaPress|isbn=978-1-4525-4342-0|language=en}}</ref>
 
According to Hindu [[Puranas|Pauranic]] tradition, Kalki rides a white horse and carries a fiery sword. He rejuvenates existence by ending the darkest and destructive period to remove [[adharma]] (lawlessness) and usher in a new era for believers. Prophesies written in the Vishnu [[Puranas|Purana]] describe Kalki as marrying princess Padmavati of Simhala.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ganguli|first=Aurijit|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NCjoDwAAQBAJ&q=Padmavati+kalki+purana&pg=PT45|title=The Shambala Sutras|date=2020-05-30|publisher=Notion Press|isbn=978-1-64892-982-3|language=en}}</ref>
 
Vijaykumar and Padmavati make themselves available for public [[Darśana|darshan]], or a 'divine glimpse', and charge money to followers for the privilege.<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive">{{Cite web|title=Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive|url=https://www.lifepositive.com/bhagwan-kalki/|access-date=2020-07-02|website=lifepositive.com}}</ref> It costs around $60 for a 'divine glimpse' of the couple in a crowded room, and $700 for a one-on-one meeting with Kalki Bhagavan himself.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Investigators seize more than $14 million from spiritual guru Kalki Bhagavan – EasternEye|date=22 October 2019|url=https://www.easterneye.biz/investigators-seize-more-than-14-million-from-spiritual-guru-kalki-bhagavan/|access-date=2020-06-28|language=en-GB}}</ref>
 
The ''Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements'' says that Vijaykumar is currently the most famous of the spiritual leaders laying claim to being the final and future avatar of Kalki.<ref name=autogenerated14>{{Cite journal|last=Cowan|first=Douglas E.|editor1-first=John|editor1-last=Corrigan|date=2009-09-02|title=New Religious Movements|journal=Oxford Handbooks Online|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195170214.003.0008}}</ref> Other individuals who have claimed to be Kalki include Agastya Joshi, who also  claimed to be [[Mahdi]]; and [[Samael Aun Weor]], founder of the Universal Christian Gnostic Movement.<ref>{{cite web|title=Who is Samael Aun Weor?|url=http://www.samael.org/idiomas/ingles/paginas/1_quien_samael/quien_samael.htm|access-date=25 December 2017|work=Samael.org}}</ref> Another claimant is [[Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi]] of the [[Kalki Avatar Foundation]], founded in 2000 by [[Younus AlGohar]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Pseudo-messianic movements in contemporary Muslim South Asia|first=Yoginder|last=Sikand|publisher=Global Media Publications|year=2008|page=100}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title = Oxford Handbook of Global Religions | first = Mark | last = Juergensmeyer | publisher =Oxford University Press | location = Oxford | year = 2006 | page = 520 | id = ISBN (Ten digit): 0195137981| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lQMurMhRtfIC&pg=PA520| isbn = 978-0-19-513798-9 }}</ref> Yet another claimant was the American writer [[Adi Da]] (also known as 'Da Kalki').
 
The ''moola mantra'' (main chant of the cult) celebrates the godman as "the embodiment of truth-consciousness-bliss", referring to Vijaykumar as the "Supreme Godhead, Perfect Person and the Transcendent Self" (''Satchidananda para brahman, Purushottam Paramatma'').<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/>
 
=== Early criticisms of the Kalki cult ===
 
Professor [[Makarand Paranjape]], now Director of the [[Indian Institute of Advanced Study]] in [[Shimla]], described his experience in 1997 when attending a '[[Darśana|darshan]]' ceremony at Vijaykumar's colony in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/> After his visit, Makarand Paranjape described the movement as a new 'religion', or at least a new 'cult'; with Vijaykumar as a 'living god' served by his own monastic order; and with tales of miracles being performed.<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/> Paranjape quotes one of the followers who says that "No one can suppress our movement"; and that Kalki devotees are fanatical "...and will lay down their lives for Kalki, but never waver from their faith."<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/>
 
Paranjape is critical, saying that a follower's personal discovery of Kalki does not result in freedom from external authority. Rather, he says, it is in conforming to the official tenets of the cult, which is how it maintains tight control over its followers.<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/>
 
Another writer at the time, Shameem Akhtar, was also critical of what she called the 'Kalki craze' – which had started spreading to America and Russia.<ref name="outlookindia.com">{{Cite web|title=The Kalki Craze {{!}} Outlook India Magazine|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/the-kalki-craze/203495|access-date=2020-07-07|website=outlookindia.com/}}</ref> She describes stories of miracles attributed to Kalki Bhagavan, and the garlands of flowers on his portrait, which was revered by the [[dasa]]s and followers.<ref name="outlookindia.com"/> Shameem Akhtar described how there were seven [[acharya]]s, 'chosen ones', which included Anandagiri, responsible for propagating  in the USA the godman's prophesies of the "new light breaking upon the earth".<ref name="outlookindia.com"/>
 
=== ''Mahavakyas'' ('Great sayings') of Kalki Bhagavan===
 
Makarand Paranjape notes that when declaring himself to be the Kalki avatar, Vijaykumar issued a large collection of [[Mahāvākyas|Mahavakyas]], or 'great sayings'. As an example, one of Kalki Bhagavan's Mahavakyas says: <blockquote>''Formless as I am, I the Antaryamin shall awaken formless inside you, or it the form you desire, or the form I choose...for every form is my form.''<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/> </blockquote>
 
However, questioning this Mahavakya, Paranjape asks: "If Kalki is formless, or if all forms are his, why should one form, that embodied in the ''Srimurti'' (Vijaykumar's photograph), be preferred to all other forms?"<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/> Paranjape quotes other examples of the godman's Mahavakyas, which include: <blockquote>''I am...the Supreme Creator, the Supremely Sacred, the Supreme immanent inner Controller of all that is, the immortal – I am Ishvara...With my coming, it is the dawn of the Golden Age of ten thousand years of a new cycle; for I incarnate to inaugurate every new cycle, every twenty-four thousand years.''<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/></blockquote> And also: <blockquote>''Your nature has become sinful as you no longer relate to me...I transcend your understanding because you comprehend me only partially.''<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/></blockquote> Another of the Kalki Mahavakyas is: <blockquote>''All these truths shall be revealed to you through my disciples.''</blockquote>
 
Shameem Akhtar quotes Kalki Bhagavan in directing his followers to: <blockquote>''Purify and cleanse yourselves of your sinful nature'' so that ''you could be saved by Me from the natural calamities and...varied sufferings that would issue forth from March 1998.''<ref name="outlookindia.com"/></blockquote>
 
=== Claims as a godman ===
As a godman, Vijaykumar has made a number of claims and predictions. In a 2005 video interview with Mitchel Jay Rabin for A Better World TV,  he claimed to have supernatural powers like the ability to:<ref name=":0" />
* Revive dead people back to life
* Materialize honey from his photograph (also called ''Srimurti'')
* Bring rains to drought prone villages
* Transfer these supernatural powers to his devotees and monks<ref name=":0">{{Citation|title=Sri Bhagavan Interview hosted by Mitchell Jay Rabin for A Better World TV early in 2005|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cwz141wpQws|access-date=8 April 2020}}</ref>
 
In a 2002 interview to the [[India Today]] magazine, he called himself 'spiritual supermarket', and claimed to have the ability to make people experience God:<blockquote>''"You can be a Christian and I will make you see Christ. You can be a Hindu and I can make you see Rama. I am a spiritual supermarket" '' – Vijaykumar, 2002<ref name="indiatoday2002">{{cite web|author=site admin |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/religion/story/20020617-kalki-bhagwan-controversy-tamil-nadu-based-godman-encounters-spate-of-accusations-795060-2002-06-17 |title=Cult in crisis – RELIGION News – Issue Date: Jun 17, 2002 |publisher=Indiatoday.in |date=2002-06-17 |access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> </blockquote>
 
In the same interview, he claimed to have [[clairvoyant]] powers – <blockquote>''"If you ask me whether you will own an Opel Astra, I will shut my eyes and try to see you in one. If I see the image, I'll tell you that you will own it within a given period"'' – Vijaykumar, 2002<ref name="indiatoday2002"/></blockquote>
 
He also claimed to be an [[incarnation]] of [[God]] – <blockquote>''"I believe I can function like God and rid people of their miseries."'' – Vijaykumar, 2002<ref name="indiatoday2002"/></blockquote>
 
=== Rebuttal of godman claims ===
Vijaykumar's claims of having miraculous, supernatural, paranormal and spiritual powers have been contested and rebutted repeatedly by rationalists and scientists over the years.
 
In 2002, Bhagavan claimed that miracle of honey flowing from his picture was witnessed by well known Indian Rationalist [[Hosur Narasimhaiah]], who in turn claims not to have witnessed the said miracle.<ref name="indiatoday2002"/>
 
The [[Dakshina Kannada Rationalist Association]], a well known rationalist group based in Mangalore, Karnataka has debunked his various claims of miracles over the years.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nayak |first1=Narendra |title=The cult of Kalki by Narendra Nayak |url=https://mm-gold.azureedge.net/Articles/nayak/cult_kalki.html |website=mm-gold.azureedge.net |access-date=16 May 2020}}</ref>
 
=== Death of organised religions ===
In 2002, Kalki Bhagavan predicted that all organised religions would die between 2005 and 2012 and that only his Kalki cult would survive.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=June 17|first1=Arun Ram|last2=June 17|first2=2002 ISSUE DATE|last3=August 6|first3=2002UPDATED|last4=Ist|first4=2012 13:16|title=Kalki Bhagwan controversy: Tamil Nadu-based godman encounters spate of accusations|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/religion/story/20020617-kalki-bhagwan-controversy-tamil-nadu-based-godman-encounters-spate-of-accusations-795060-2002-06-17|access-date=2020-06-25|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> In 2019, after large-scale raids by Income Tax officials, writer DP Satish observed that the godman has been proved wrong and that "the opposite is now happening".<ref name="news18.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/who-is-kalki-bhagwan-who-predicted-death-of-organised-religions-and-now-faces-i-t-heat-2356761.html|title=Who is Kalki Bhagwan Who Once Predicted Death of Organised Religions and Now Faces I-T Heat?|website=News18|date=22 October 2019|access-date=6 March 2020}}</ref> As of 2010, Christianity had an estimated 2.2 billion followers worldwide, while Islam had 1.6 billion. Hinduism had around 1 billion.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-04-02|title=The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010–2050|url=https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/|access-date=2020-06-25|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|language=en-US}}</ref> These numbers are predicted to grow substantially in the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-04-02|title=The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010–2050|url=https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/|access-date=2020-06-25|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
=== Scientific claims for deeksha ===
Kalki Bhagavan claims that when enough people have received 'deeksha', a type of Oneness 'blessing', a critical mass will be reached, affecting the collective DNA of humanity.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Windrider|first1=Kiara|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muxPTNJJekkC&q=critical+mass'+will+be+reached,+affecting+the+collective+DNA+of+humanity.&pg=PR18|title=Deeksha: The Fire from Heaven|last2=Sears|first2=Grace|date=2009|publisher=New World Library|isbn=978-1-57731-724-1|language=en}}</ref> He also claims that enlightenment is a neurobiological process, and that overactive [[parietal lobe]]s are the "biological seat of the ego".<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Windrider|first1=Kiara|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muxPTNJJekkC&q=Bhagavan+when+I+read+an+article+in+which+he+said+that+enlightenment+is+a+neurobiological+process&pg=PA100|title=Deeksha: The Fire from Heaven|last2=Sears|first2=Grace|date=2009|publisher=New World Library|isbn=978-1-57731-724-1|language=en}}</ref> Another of his claims is that many psychochosomatic ailments are healed by deeksha.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ardagh|first=Arjuna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W89LPKgMxxIC&q=Bhagavan+brain+research+ardagh&pg=PA64|title=Awakening into Oneness: The Power of Blessing in the Evolution of Consciousness|date=2009-04-01|publisher=Sounds True|isbn=978-1-59179-864-4|language=en}}</ref> However, after initially supporting these claims in 2006, author Arjuna Ardagh later wrote that pilot studies in India and the USA had found little indication that deeksha has any effect on the brain that was different from meditation or other kinds of relaxation.<ref name=autogenerated3>{{Cite book|last=Ardagh, Arjuna.|title=Ontwaken in eenheid : de kracht van de oneness blessing in de evolutie van ons bewustzijn|date=2010|publisher=Zwerk|others=Wel, Anna van der.|isbn=978-90-77478-32-5|location=Houten|oclc=662568093}}</ref>
 
=== 2012 Phenomenon ===
 
Kalki Bhagavan had claimed that by [[2012 phenomenon|2012]], he would enlighten 64,000 people to a state of extremely high consciousness who will in turn 'enlighten' the rest of humanity.<ref name='RA'/> In 2002, he announced that in the coming decade, humanity would be entering a new Golden Age, and he was going facilitate the transition.<ref name=autogenerated14 />
 
In 2004, [[Mayanism|Mayanist]] [[Carl Johan Calleman]] based on interpretations of the Mayan calendar, collaborated with Sri Bhagavan to initiate a worldwide festival called ''Oneness Celebration'' on the occasion of the Venus Transit of June 3, 2004.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Calleman, Ph.D |first1=Carl |title=The Mayan Calendar & The Transformation of Consciousness |url=https://www.amazon.com/Carl-Calleman-Ph-D-Transformation-Consciousness/dp/B0006SL1RM |publisher=A Better World |access-date=13 June 2020 |language=en |date=16 July 2015}}</ref> During that period, Kalki Bhagavan claimed that by the year 2012, inside the [[Oneness Temple]], there would be between 5,000 and 8,000 people meditating at all times.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Roth|first1=Ron|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SN9bX5gDtigC&q=sri+bhagavan&pg=PA18|title=The Sacred Light of Healing: Teachings and Meditations on Divine Oneness|last2=Montgomery|first2=Roger|date=2007|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=978-0-595-44896-8|language=en}}</ref>
 
Most western spiritual seekers lost interest in the Oneness Movement when they did not experience any 'spiritual awakening' and 'enlightenment' promised to them by Kalki Bhagavan. There was further disappointment when, after [[2012 phenomenon|21 December 2012]], the much anticipated and supposed 'Golden Age' of 'world enlightenment' prophesied by Kalki Bhagavan did not occur.<ref name=autogenerated13>{{cite web |title=Oneness Movement – WRSP |url=https://wrldrels.org/2018/08/17/oneness-movement/ |language=en}}</ref>
 
=== Cause of human suffering ===
Kalki Bhagavan claims that the only cause for human suffering is the strong sense of a separate self that each individual experiences that gives each the feeling of "me and a not-me". According to him, this is what causes problems in the home, in relationships between people, and in wars between nations.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/oneness-to-the-rescue-of-a-world-in-peril/articleshow/2732690.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst |title=Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril|work=The Economic Times |date=26 January 2008 |access-date=11 April 2020|last1=Nadkarni|first1=Vithal C.}}</ref>


== Spiritual programs ==
== Spiritual programs ==
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[[Jeev]] [[ashram]] School located in [[Chittoor]] District, [[Andhra Pradesh]] was founded by Sri Bhagavan, in July 1984 to provide an alternative form of education. The school's early benefactor was Dr. N. Sivakamu, a close associate of [[J. Krishnamurti]].<ref name="maka">{{cite news | last = Paranjape | first = Makarand | work = Life Positive | date = July 1997 | title = Bhagwan Kalki }} https://www.lifepositive.com/bhagwan-kalki/</ref> The land for the school was taken on a lease, with the support provided by Hari Khoday, an Indian philanthropist. As director of the school, Sri Bhagavan's focus was to develop an environment for children to truly flower and discover themselves. The school had 180 residential students and 200 day students from nearby villages.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} It was at this school that his spiritual work began. In the summer of 1989, one of the students reported a mystical experience of divine silence. Soon, many other students reported similar experiences, and they were also able to pass their experiences to one another. During these experiences, children had vision of various Gods and would converse with them.  Sri Bhagavan explained that the children had got in touch with [[Antaryamin]], ''the inner guide who dwells in your heart'' that guides all beings towards greater truth.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} In 1991, Sri Bhagawan decided to close the school and start the spiritual work for the larger community. The school was closed a few years later in 1994, after the senior students had all graduated from high school and the remaining students were moved to other schools.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}}
[[Jeev]] [[ashram]] School located in [[Chittoor]] District, [[Andhra Pradesh]] was founded by Sri Bhagavan, in July 1984 to provide an alternative form of education. The school's early benefactor was Dr. N. Sivakamu, a close associate of [[J. Krishnamurti]].<ref name="maka">{{cite news | last = Paranjape | first = Makarand | work = Life Positive | date = July 1997 | title = Bhagwan Kalki }} https://www.lifepositive.com/bhagwan-kalki/</ref> The land for the school was taken on a lease, with the support provided by Hari Khoday, an Indian philanthropist. As director of the school, Sri Bhagavan's focus was to develop an environment for children to truly flower and discover themselves. The school had 180 residential students and 200 day students from nearby villages.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} It was at this school that his spiritual work began. In the summer of 1989, one of the students reported a mystical experience of divine silence. Soon, many other students reported similar experiences, and they were also able to pass their experiences to one another. During these experiences, children had vision of various Gods and would converse with them.  Sri Bhagavan explained that the children had got in touch with [[Antaryamin]], ''the inner guide who dwells in your heart'' that guides all beings towards greater truth.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} In 1991, Sri Bhagawan decided to close the school and start the spiritual work for the larger community. The school was closed a few years later in 1994, after the senior students had all graduated from high school and the remaining students were moved to other schools.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}}


Once the decision was made to close Jeevashram School, work started in developing the spiritual programs for the public.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} The principal of the Jeevashram School with a small group of teachers started the spiritual programs for public. The workshops were conducted as residential retreat programs conducted over 7 days or 21 days. The workshop focused on helping the participant ''accept themselves as they are'',<ref name="auto">{{cite news | last = Varughese | first = Suma  | work = Life Positive | title = Sri Bhagawan Kalki – The School of Enlightenment }} http://lifepositive.com/the-school-for-enlightenment/</ref> and connect with their ''own inner divine self'' the [[Antaryamin]].<ref name="auto"/> Students also reported various spiritual experiences including mystical visions of their own personal God riding a white horse, similar to the [[Kalki]] form of [[Vishnu]] from traditional [[Hindu eschatology|Hindu beliefs]].<ref name="RA"/><ref name="etymologically2003">[[Monier Monier-Williams]]: Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages, 1889, reprinted 2003, Nataraj Books, Asian Educational Services, {{ISBN|81-206-0369-9}}</ref> Based on this shared spiritual experiences, the students and public would address Sri Bhagavan with the title "Kalki".<ref name="RA"/>
Once the decision was made to close Jeevashram School, work started in developing the spiritual programs for the public.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} The principal of the Jeevashram School with a small group of teachers started the spiritual programs for public. The workshops were conducted as residential retreat programs conducted over 7 days or 21 days. The workshop focused on helping the participant ''accept themselves as they are'',<ref name="auto">{{cite news | last = Varughese | first = Suma  | work = Life Positive | title = Sri Bhagawan Kalki – The School of Enlightenment }} http://lifepositive.com/the-school-for-enlightenment/</ref> and connect with their ''own inner divine self'' the [[Antaryamin]].<ref name="auto"/> Students also reported various spiritual experiences including mystical visions of their own personal God riding a white horse, similar to the [[Kalki]] form of [[Vishnu]] from traditional [[Hindu eschatology|Hindu beliefs]].<ref name="RA">{{cite web |title=India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan |url=https://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/ |website=Religioscope |date=13 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="etymologically2003">[[Monier Monier-Williams]]: Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages, 1889, reprinted 2003, Nataraj Books, Asian Educational Services, {{ISBN|81-206-0369-9}}</ref> Based on this shared spiritual experiences, the students and public would address Sri Bhagavan with the title "Kalki".<ref name="RA"/>


A second campus was set up in 1992 near [[Chennai]] city a place called Somangalam. In 1994, the campus of Jeevashram School was renamed as [[Satyaloka]]. Advance retreat programs for public were conducted at this campus.  By 1995, Sri Bhagavan's workshops were being conducted in all major cities in India. In 1995, the first major public event was held at Chennai city, attracting more than 100,000 students from across India. In 1999, the work on building the Oneness University{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 2}}  at [[Varadaiahpalem]], [[Chittoor district|Chittoor]] district [[Andhra Pradesh]] India started. Oneness University, located 70&nbsp;km from [[Chennai]], is accessible by the National Highway 5 and is on Tirupati Road leading to the ancient temple town of [[Kalahasthi]]. In 2000, the first campus was completed and Sri Bhagavan and his team of teachers moved to the campus. Over the next few years, various campuses, including the Oneness Temple in 2008<ref>{{cite news | last = Avadhani | first = Ramesh  | work = Religiscope | title = India: A visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagawan}} http://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/</ref> were built.
A second campus was set up in 1992 near [[Chennai]] city a place called Somangalam. In 1994, the campus of Jeevashram School was renamed as [[Satyaloka]]. Advance retreat programs for public were conducted at this campus.  By 1995, Sri Bhagavan's workshops were being conducted in all major cities in India. In 1995, the first major public event was held at Chennai city, attracting more than 100,000 students from across India. In 1999, the work on building the Oneness University{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 2}}  at [[Varadaiahpalem]], [[Chittoor district|Chittoor]] district [[Andhra Pradesh]] India started. Oneness University, located 70&nbsp;km from [[Chennai]], is accessible by the National Highway 5 and is on Tirupati Road leading to the ancient temple town of [[Kalahasthi]]. In 2000, the first campus was completed and Sri Bhagavan and his team of teachers moved to the campus. Over the next few years, various campuses, including the Oneness Temple in 2008<ref>{{cite news | last = Avadhani | first = Ramesh  | work = Religiscope | title = India: A visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagawan}} http://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/</ref> were built.
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[[Anna Hazare]] the Indian social reformer, states ''"All over India, oneness is the only University providing the values which have not been provided by any other University"''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vamsigrandhi.blogspot.com/2011/08/anna-hazare-visited-oneness-university.html|title=Anna Hazare Visited Oneness University|work=Vamsi, Amazed With Challenges And Incidents In Life|date=21 August 2011|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moZ2AwfDU6Q|title=Anna Hazare Comments on Youth Course of Oneness University|via=YouTube|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Ervin Laszlo]] of the Budapest Club, avers that the 'Oneness experience' are as real as any human sense perceptions of light, colour and sound, but conveyed via different neural process within the brain.<ref>{{cite news | last = Nadkarni | first = Vithal | work = The Economic Times | title = Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril }} http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/oneness-to-the-rescue-of-a-world-in-peril/articleshow/2732690.cms</ref>
[[Anna Hazare]] the Indian social reformer, states ''"All over India, oneness is the only University providing the values which have not been provided by any other University"''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vamsigrandhi.blogspot.com/2011/08/anna-hazare-visited-oneness-university.html|title=Anna Hazare Visited Oneness University|work=Vamsi, Amazed With Challenges And Incidents In Life|date=21 August 2011|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moZ2AwfDU6Q|title=Anna Hazare Comments on Youth Course of Oneness University|via=YouTube|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Ervin Laszlo]] of the Budapest Club, avers that the 'Oneness experience' are as real as any human sense perceptions of light, colour and sound, but conveyed via different neural process within the brain.<ref>{{cite news | last = Nadkarni | first = Vithal | work = The Economic Times | title = Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril }} http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/oneness-to-the-rescue-of-a-world-in-peril/articleshow/2732690.cms</ref>
 
 
In 2006, [[Tony Robbins]], the well known American businessman and coach, discovered meditation through his visit to Oneness University, and has since incorporated teachings of Sri Bhagavan as part of his own programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fortune.com/2014/10/30/tony-robbins-best-advice-executive-coach/|title=Tony Robbins, The CEO Whisperer|website=Fortune|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> In 2009, about 600 delegates from India and 36 others converged at Sri Bhagavan's Oneness University campus for the international convention of the [[Vishwa Hindu Parishad]]. This program was attended by various well-known figures, such as [[Ashok Singhal]], [[Praveen Togadia]], and [[Giriraj Kishore]].<ref>{{cite news | last = Correspondent | first = Special | work = The Hindu | title = world convention | date = 2 January 2009}} [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/article366033.ece?textsize=small&test=2]</ref><ref>''VHP condemns terrorism'' [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/vhp-condemns-terrorism/article368356.ece (The Hindu)]</ref> Well-known visitors to Sri Bhagavan's Oneness University campus include [[Bollywood]] stars [[Shilpa Shetty]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/shilpa-shetty-in-silent-mode/article13726.ece|title=Shilpa Shetty in silent mode &#124; The Hindu|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Manisha Koirala]],<ref>{{cite news| last = Varma | first = Lipika | work = Deccan Chronicle | title = On her trip to Chennai, Manisha}}</ref> [[Manisha Koirala]] states, "I go away to Oneness University in Chennai – I gain clarity and get a sense of bliss.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/290517/on-her-trip-to-chennai-manisha-will-catch-up-with-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam.html |title=On her trip to Chennai, Manisha will catch up with Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam |work=Deccan Chronicle |date=29 May 2017 |access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/manisha-koirala-prays-at-kalki-ashram/article2654685.ece|title=Manisha Koirala prays at Kalki Ashram|date=24 November 2011|work=The Hindu|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Hrithik Roshan]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/hrithik-off-to-a-wellness-course-with-his-family-55962-2009-09-07|title=Hrithik off to a wellness course with his family|first1=Mail Today|last1=MumbaiSeptember 7|first2=2009UPDATED|last2=September 7|first3=2009 09:05|last3=Ist|website=India Today|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Rakesh Roshan]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Hrithik-family-get-spiritual-on-dads-bday/articleshow/4974833.cms|title=Hrithik & family get spiritual on dad's b'day|website=The Times of India}}</ref> designer [[Donna Karan]],<ref name="Spiritual">{{cite news | last = TNN | work = The Times of India | title = So, who's spiritual | date = 2008-06-08 }} ''"The Oneness University in Chennai set up by the couple Amma and Bhagwan, which has attracted international celebs like designer Donna Karan, Def Leppard musician Rick Allen and NBA coach Pat Riley"''[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/stoi/So-whos-spiritual/articleshow/3110974.cms]</ref> [[Deff Leppard]] musician [[Rick Allen (drummer)|Rick Allen]],<ref name="Spiritual"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZ4rzDR2N-c|title=ONENESS CHANT by Lauren Monroe Allen and Rick Allen|via=YouTube|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[NBA]] coach [[Pat Riley]],<ref name="Spiritual"/> spiritual leader [[Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)|Sri Sri Ravi Shankar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YFf9tF5geas|title=RAVI SHANKAR with ONENESS.MPG|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/vijaykumar-from-humble-beginning-to-godman-kalki/1643581 |title=Vijaykumar: From humble beginning to Godman Kalki |publisher=Outlookindia.com |date=18 October 2019 |access-date=11 April 2020}}</ref> In 2011 he was included in ''Watkins Mind Body Spirit'' list of influential spiritual leaders for that year.<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Watkins Review: Mind Body Spirit 1893 UK London | title = 100 Spiritual Power List by Watkins, 2011 | author = Watkins Books | publisher = Watkins Books | issue = 26 | url = http://www.watkinsbooks.com/review/watkins-spiritual-100-list | access-date = 21 July 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140720074011/http://www.watkinsbooks.com/review/watkins-spiritual-100-list | archive-date = 20 July 2014 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref> In 2019, Kalki Bhagavan claimed to have thousands of followers.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/we-have-not-fled-the-country-kalki-bhagavan/article29772426.ece|title=We have not fled the country: 'Kalki' Bhagavan|date=23 October 2019|work=The Hindu|access-date=18 March 2020|others=Special Correspondent|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
In 2006, [[Tony Robbins]], the well known American businessman and coach, discovered meditation through his visit to Oneness University, and has since incorporated teachings of Sri Bhagavan as part of his own programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fortune.com/2014/10/30/tony-robbins-best-advice-executive-coach/|title=Tony Robbins, The CEO Whisperer|website=Fortune|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> In 2009, about 600 delegates from India and 36 others converged at Sri Bhagavan's Oneness University campus for the international convention of the [[Vishwa Hindu Parishad]]. This program was attended by various well-known figures, such as [[Ashok Singhal]], [[Praveen Togadia]], and [[Giriraj Kishore]].<ref>{{cite news | last = Correspondent | first = Special | work = The Hindu | title = world convention | date = 2 January 2009}} [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/article366033.ece?textsize=small&test=2]</ref><ref>''VHP condemns terrorism'' [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/vhp-condemns-terrorism/article368356.ece (The Hindu)]</ref> Well-known visitors to Sri Bhagavan's Oneness University campus include [[Bollywood]] stars [[Shilpa Shetty]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/shilpa-shetty-in-silent-mode/article13726.ece|title=Shilpa Shetty in silent mode &#124; The Hindu|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Manisha Koirala]],<ref>{{cite news| last = Varma | first = Lipika | work = Deccan Chronicle | title = On her trip to Chennai, Manisha}}</ref> [[Manisha Koirala]] states, "I go away to Oneness University in Chennai – I gain clarity and get a sense of bliss.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/290517/on-her-trip-to-chennai-manisha-will-catch-up-with-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam.html |title=On her trip to Chennai, Manisha will catch up with Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam |work=Deccan Chronicle |date=29 May 2017 |access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/manisha-koirala-prays-at-kalki-ashram/article2654685.ece|title=Manisha Koirala prays at Kalki Ashram|date=24 November 2011|work=The Hindu|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Hrithik Roshan]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/hrithik-off-to-a-wellness-course-with-his-family-55962-2009-09-07|title=Hrithik off to a wellness course with his family|first1=Mail Today|last1=MumbaiSeptember 7|first2=2009UPDATED|last2=September 7|first3=2009 09:05|last3=Ist|website=India Today|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[Rakesh Roshan]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Hrithik-family-get-spiritual-on-dads-bday/articleshow/4974833.cms|title=Hrithik & family get spiritual on dad's b'day|website=The Times of India}}</ref> designer [[Donna Karan]],<ref name="Spiritual">{{cite news | last = TNN | work = The Times of India | title = So, who's spiritual | date = 2008-06-08 }} ''"The Oneness University in Chennai set up by the couple Amma and Bhagwan, which has attracted international celebs like designer Donna Karan, Def Leppard musician Rick Allen and NBA coach Pat Riley"''[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/stoi/So-whos-spiritual/articleshow/3110974.cms]</ref> [[Deff Leppard]] musician [[Rick Allen (drummer)|Rick Allen]],<ref name="Spiritual"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZ4rzDR2N-c|title=ONENESS CHANT by Lauren Monroe Allen and Rick Allen|via=YouTube|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> [[NBA]] coach [[Pat Riley]],<ref name="Spiritual"/> spiritual leader [[Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)|Sri Sri Ravi Shankar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YFf9tF5geas|title=RAVI SHANKAR with ONENESS.MPG|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/vijaykumar-from-humble-beginning-to-godman-kalki/1643581 |title=Vijaykumar: From humble beginning to Godman Kalki |publisher=Outlookindia.com |date=18 October 2019 |access-date=11 April 2020}}</ref> In 2011 he was included in ''Watkins Mind Body Spirit'' list of influential spiritual leaders for that year.<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Watkins Review: Mind Body Spirit 1893 UK London | title = 100 Spiritual Power List by Watkins, 2011 | author = Watkins Books | publisher = Watkins Books | issue = 26 | url = http://www.watkinsbooks.com/review/watkins-spiritual-100-list | access-date = 21 July 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140720074011/http://www.watkinsbooks.com/review/watkins-spiritual-100-list | archive-date = 20 July 2014 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>  


===O&O Academy===
===O&O Academy===
Over the years, Kalki Bhagavan's Oneness movement has called itself various names including the ''Foundation for World Awakening'', ''Golden Age Foundation'', ''Bhagavad Dharma'', ''Kalki Dharma'', ''Oneness University'' and ''Living in Joy Foundation''.<ref name="english.religion.info"/>
Over the years, Kalki Bhagavan's Oneness movement has called itself various names including the ''Foundation for World Awakening'', ''Golden Age Foundation'', ''Bhagavad Dharma'', ''Kalki Dharma'', ''Oneness University'' and ''Living in Joy Foundation''.<ref name="english.religion.info">{{Cite web|date=2008-07-13|title=India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan|url=https://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/|access-date=2020-06-06|website=Religioscope|language=en-US}}</ref>
   
   
In 2017, the Oneness organization was handed over to Kalki Bhagavan's son, NKV Krishna and daughter-in-law [[Preetha Krishna]].<ref name=autogenerated4>{{Cite book|last1=Preethaji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uUaBDwAAQBAJ&q=preetha+krishna|title=The Four Sacred Secrets: For Love and Prosperity, A Guide to Living in a Beautiful State|last2=Krishnaji|date=6 August 2019|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-5011-7379-0|language=en}}</ref> They have merged it with their own One World Academy to form 'O&O Academy'.<ref name=autogenerated4 /> During 2019, NKV Krishna and Preetha Krishna published a book together, called ''The Four Sacred Secrets'', writing under the names 'Krishnaji' and 'Preethaji'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Publishers Weekly|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-50117-377-6|website=publishersweekly.com|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref> In January 2020, NKV Krishna was interviewed by Nick Duerden of the British edition of GQ magazine.<ref name=autogenerated8>{{Cite web|title=Society once had religion to give it purpose. Now it has wellness coaches|url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/lifestyle/article/wellness-coach|website=British GQ|date=12 January 2020|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref> In the interview, NKV Krishna claimed to be a guru with 10 million followers in India.<ref name=autogenerated8 /> Krishna told the interviewer that his father saw otherworldly visions, including “...a gigantic golden orb of light provoking him to chant and meditate for the liberation of humankind”, and that he has inherited those visions.<ref name=autogenerated8 />
In 2017, the Oneness organization was handed over to Kalki Bhagavan's son, NKV Krishna and daughter-in-law [[Preetha Krishna]].<ref name=autogenerated4>{{Cite book|last1=Preethaji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uUaBDwAAQBAJ&q=preetha+krishna|title=The Four Sacred Secrets: For Love and Prosperity, A Guide to Living in a Beautiful State|last2=Krishnaji|date=6 August 2019|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-5011-7379-0|language=en}}</ref> They have merged it with their own One World Academy to form 'O&O Academy'.<ref name=autogenerated4 /> During 2019, NKV Krishna and Preetha Krishna published a book together, called ''The Four Sacred Secrets'', writing under the names 'Krishnaji' and 'Preethaji'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Publishers Weekly|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-50117-377-6|website=publishersweekly.com|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref> In January 2020, NKV Krishna was interviewed by Nick Duerden of the British edition of GQ magazine.<ref name=autogenerated8>{{Cite web|title=Society once had religion to give it purpose. Now it has wellness coaches|url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/lifestyle/article/wellness-coach|website=British GQ|date=12 January 2020|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref> In the interview, NKV Krishna claimed to be a guru with 10 million followers in India.<ref name=autogenerated8 /> Krishna told the interviewer that his father saw otherworldly visions, including “...a gigantic golden orb of light provoking him to chant and meditate for the liberation of humankind”, and that he has inherited those visions.<ref name=autogenerated8 />


===Devotees abandoning the movement===
== Early Life and Family ==
 
Bhagavan was born on 7 March 1949 in Natham Village, [[Gudiyatham]] Town, [[Vellore]] district, [[Tamil Nadu]], to Smt. Vaidarbhi Amma and Sri Varadarajulu. His father was the head of the accounts department of [[Indian Railways]] and his mother was a simple village woman. In 1955, when Bhagavan was six years of age, the family moved to [[Madras|Chennai]]. There, he attended [[Don Bosco Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Chennai|Don Bosco School]] in [[Chennai]]. Later, he graduated from [[DG Vaishnav College]] in [[Chennai]], majoring in mathematics.<ref>{{cite web |title=Narayanan, Dr. Vasudha, "A 'White Paper' on Kalki Bhagavan, 29 September 2002", University of Florida, Gainesville, Montclair. |url=https://msuweb.montclair.edu/~adarkara/d-kalki.html |website=msuweb.montclair.edu}}</ref> After completing college, he began working as an office clerk for [[Life Insurance Corporation of India]] (LIC).<ref name="gupea_2077" />
Shankara Bhagawat (R. Sankar), Vijaykumar's first serious disciple and close childhood friend, who co-founded the Oneness Organization, left him in 1998, after alleging that Oneness Movement was controlling and manipulative.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shobha |first1=V |title=The Cult of Kalki Bhagavan |url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/ |website=Open The Magazine |access-date=16 May 2020 |date=1 November 2019}}</ref> Freddy Nielsen, Vijaykumar's close associate from Sweden and his long-time follower since 1989, left him in 2005 after directing severe criticism against Kalki Bhagavan and the Oneness Movement.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Thorsen |first1=Elin |title=Oneness of Different Kinds: A Comparative Study of Amma and Bhagavan's Oneness Movement in India and Sweden |url=https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/33618/1/gupea_2077_33618_1.pdf |website=GUPEA |access-date=16 May 2020}}</ref>
 
In November 2009 there was a significant change, when 25 of the senior instructors, including NKV Krishna, Anandagiri and Vimalkirti, disaffiliated from Kalki and Amma Bhagavan to form their own organization, which they named 'One World Academy'.<ref name=autogenerated3 />
 
Arjuna Ardagh, author of the book ''Awakening into Oneness'' noted in 2010 that more than 70 percent of the people he interviewed  for the book had ceased their association with Oneness Organization and Kalki Bhagavan due to disappointment, disillusionment, allegations and controversies.<ref name=autogenerated3/> He outlined this an afterword he added to his book ''Awakening into Oneness'' (Dutch edition).<ref name=autogenerated3 /> In particular, he mentioned Erwin Laslow, who wrote the book's foreword, Rani Kumra, who ran the American movement, and scientist Christian Opitz who researched the effects of deeksha in the brain.<ref name=autogenerated3 /> In addition, Ardagh wrote that the '100 Village Project' he referred to in Chapter 10 of ''Awakening into Oneness'' had been abandoned.<ref name=autogenerated3 />
 
Since 2013, many Westerners lost interest in the Oneness Movement when they did not experience any 'spiritual awakening'. There was further disappointment when, after 2012, the much anticipated and supposed 'Golden Age' was not perceivable in people's lives.<ref name=autogenerated13 />
 
===Accusations against the organization===
 
In 2000, the Tamil novelist, Indumathi, accused the Oneness organization of pressuring her to recruit well-known personalities within her personal circle, such as Latha Rajinikanth.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The rise of 'Kalki' Bhagwan: From an LIC agent to a self-proclaimed 'avatar'|url=https://thefederal.com/states/south/tamil-nadu/the-rise-of-kalki-bhagwan-from-an-lic-agent-to-a-self-proclaimed-avatar/|last=S|first=Jayaseelan K.|date=2019-10-19|website=The Federal|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-24}}</ref>
 
In 2019, popular [[Taiwan]]ese Actress [[Yi Nengjing]] removed her social media post promoting Kalki Bhagavan's teaching after the [[Chinese Communist Party]] through its Chinese [[Ministry of Public Security (China)|Ministry of Public Security]] (MPS) and China Anti-Cult Association (CACA) issued a warning about the Oneness activities in the state run media [[Global Times]]. The Chinese Communist Party claimed that the Oneness Organization used '[[2012 phenomenon|2012]]' philosophy to control its believers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chinese Actress Deletes Her Weibo Post Promoting 'Controversial Indian Spiritual Courses' |url=https://www.news18.com/news/world/chinese-actress-deletes-her-weibo-post-promoting-controversial-indian-spiritual-courses-2005837.html |access-date=14 May 2020 |work=News18 |date=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=After Taiwanese Actor's Post, China Warns About Indian 'Cults' |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/hot-news/taiwan-actor-annie-yi-china-warning-indian-spiritual-course-ram-rahim |access-date=14 May 2020 |work=The Quint |date=17 January 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
 
During the 1990s, local village people near the Oneness ashram organised protests against Kalki Bhagavan and his organization for cheaply buying up hundreds of acres of land from local farmers. Subsequently, some of the farmers had their land returned to them.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mystic and the moolah|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2019/11/09/mystic-and-the-moolah.html|website=The Week|language=en|access-date=2020-05-19}}</ref>
 
In the Indian media, there have been various allegations of misconduct against Kalki Bhagavan and activities being conducted inside his ashram. These include:<ref name="Hindustan Times">{{cite news |title=After marathon Income Tax raid, godman Kalki Bhagwan faces ED heat |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/after-marathon-income-tax-raid-godman-kalki-bhagwan-faces-ed-heat/story-c5g51yW95NWHdIwVLqVVQN.html |access-date=15 May 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=24 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Thorsen |first1=Elin |title=Oneness of Different Kinds: A Comparative Study of Amma and Bhagavan's Oneness Movement in India and Sweden |url=https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/33618/1/gupea_2077_33618_1.pdf |website=GUPEA |publisher=Goteborgs Universitet |access-date=15 May 2020}}</ref>
 
* accusations of [[Land grabbing|Land-grabbing]],
* charges of drug and sexual abuse, and
* allegations of forced monk-hood
 
== Business activities and real estate development ==
 
===White Lotus conglomerate===
 
Kalki Bhagavan runs the [[White Lotus Conglomerate]] along with his son N.K.V. Krishna, and daughter-in-law [[Preetha Krishna]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Mohamed |last=Imranullah|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/kalki-bhagavans-daughter-in-law-moves-hc-against-look-out-circular/article30042861.ece|title='Kalki' Bhagavan's daughter-in-law moves HC against 'look out circular'|date=22 November 2019|work=The Hindu|access-date=26 April 2020|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rs 44 cr cash, 90 kg gold, Rs 20 cr worth US dollars seized in I-T raids on properties linked to spiritual guru Kalki Bhagwan |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-rs-44-cr-cash-90-kg-gold-rs-20-cr-worth-us-dollars-seized-in-i-t-raids-on-properties-linked-to-spiritual-guru-kalki-bhagwan-2798134 |website=DNA India |language=en |date=21 October 2019}}</ref> The ''White Lotus'' is a [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] of family businesses in various sectors like real estate, property development, energy, media and sport having names like White Lotus Group, Kosmik/Kosmic, Sacredbanyan, Transend, KPL, Bluewater, Golden Lotus, Goldenage, Chatrachaya, Yogi and Enlite.<ref name=autogenerated5>{{Cite web|title=The Cult of Kalki Bhagavan|url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/|date=2019-11-01|website=Open The Magazine|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref> Senior members of the former Oneness organization also sit on the boards of these companies.<ref name=autogenerated7>{{Cite web|title=The Cult of Kalki Bhagavan|url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/|date=2019-11-01|website=Open The Magazine|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref> These include two ''[[acharya]]s'' originally in charge of the order of the monks, Ananda Giri and Jyothirmayee Chundi, also known as Samadarshini.<ref name=autogenerated7 /> Ananda Giri was NKV Krishna's best friend at school.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ardagh|first=Arjuna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sDubhH9Pb40C&q=Ananda+Giri+krishnaji&pg=PA39|title=Awakening Into Oneness: The Power of Blessing in the Evolution of Consciousness|date=2009-10-29|publisher=ReadHowYouWant.com|isbn=978-1-4587-3614-7|language=en}}</ref> In the early days of the Oneness organization, Samadarshini was head of the Kalki order of nuns in Bangalore.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive|url=https://www.lifepositive.com/bhagwan-kalki/|website=lifepositive.com|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
 
In 2020, the White Lotus group joined a consortium which is bidding upwards of $200 Million USD to buy [[Reliance Communications]] from Indian Business tycoon [[Anil Ambani]].<ref name=autogenerated9>{{cite web |last1=Convened Insiders |first1=Maverick |title=A controversial babu, a godman, film producers: Meet the faces behind the INR16,000 crore bid for RCom – ET Prime |url=https://insidersconvene.wordpress.com/2020/02/06/a-controversial-babu-a-godman-film-producers-meet-the-faces-behind-the-inr16000-crore-bid-for-rcom-et-prime/ |website=ET |publisher=ET Prime}}</ref>
 
The Dubai-based White Lotus Investment Group was co-founded by tycoon Raju Poosapati (PSR Raju), an associate of N.K.V Krishna.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Cult of Kalki Bhagavan|url=https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/|date=2019-11-01|website=Open The Magazine|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-04}}</ref> The group has invested in [[The Pinnacle (Nairobi)|The Pinnacle tower]] in Nairobi, the tallest in Africa, which is currently under construction.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nairobi's tallest building planned|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/587846/nairobis-tallest-building-planned.html|date=22 December 2016|website=Deccan Herald|language=en|access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> The Pinnacle is a joint venture between White Lotus, Jabavu Village and the [[Hass Petroleum]] Group.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hilton kicks off second Nairobi high-end hotel|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/companies/Hilton-kicks-off-second-Nairobi-high-end-hotel/4003102-3939084-2719c5/index.html|date=23 May 2017|website=Business Daily|access-date=2 May 2020}}</ref> Between them, the White Lotus and Hass organisations are investing about $200 million in the Pinnacle project.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Work begins on the tallest skyscraper in Africa|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/pinnacle-nairobi/index.html|first=Kieron |last=Monks|website=CNN|language=en|access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> However, as of September 2019, construction of the Pinnacle had stalled.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Africa's tallest building aims to be a standout|url=https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/real-estate/africas-tallest-building-aims-to-be-a-standout|date=24 September 2019|website=The Business Times|language=en|access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nairobi's elegant office space that no one wants|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001358505/nairobi-s-elegant-office-space-that-no-one-wants|last=Wambu|first=Wainaina|website=The Standard|language=en|access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> During 2019, the White Lotus Projects group was found to be in contempt of court for proceeding with the Pinnacle project in violation of two court orders issued in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dubai tycoons sought for contempt of court|url=https://kenyantribune.com/dubai-tycoons-sought-for-contempt-of-court/|date=7 February 2019|website=Kenyan Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> In February 2020, Nairobi police issued an arrest warrant for the CEO of White Lotus, Raju Poosapati.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dubai tycoons sought for contempt of court|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Dubai-tycoons-sought-for-contempt-of-court/1056-4970346-hxkm6hz/index.html|website=Daily Nation|language=en|access-date=2020-05-04}}</ref> The White Lotus property development group also has offices in Chicago and Omaha, Nebraska.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vacant school about 1 mile west of the former Northridge Mall proposed for 100 affordable apartments|url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/money/real-estate/commercial/2019/11/07/vacant-school-near-milwaukees-northridge-affordable-apartments/2516795001/|website=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|language=en|access-date=2 May 2020}}</ref>
 
===Real estate development===
Kalki Bhagavan and his family have invested in developing [[The Pinnacle (Nairobi)|The Pinnacle]] in Nairobi, the tallest tower in Africa.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> The Pinnacle is a co-development with the [[Hass Petroleum]] group.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> Between them, White Lotus Group and Hass Petroleum have invested $200 million in the Pinnacle Project.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dubai investors inject $200 million into Africa's tallest tower|url=https://africa.businesschief.com/finance/2867/Dubai-investors-inject-200-million-into-Africas-tallest-tower|website=africa.businesschief.com|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref> The White Lotus Group owns the 1930s [[Redick Tower]] building in [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]. After a $7 million re-development, it was re-opened in 2010 as the Hotel Deco XV.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hotel Deco XV is Deco'd out|url=https://smallmarketmeetings.com/articles/hotel-deco-xv-is-decod-out/|website=smallmarketmeetings.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
 
The Indian media have reported accusations of [[Land grabbing|Land-grabbing]].<ref name="Hindustan Times"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Thorsen |first1=Elin |title=Oneness of Different Kinds: A Comparative Study of Amma and Bhagavan's Oneness Movement in India and Sweden |url=https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/33618/1/gupea_2077_33618_1.pdf |website=GUPEA |publisher=Goteborgs Universitet |access-date=15 May 2020}}</ref>
 
===Music, media and sport===
One of the Kalki family businesses, production company Kosmik Global Media, owns the [[Bengaluru Bulls]], a [[Pro Kabaddi League]] team.<ref>{{Cite news|agency=IANS|date=16 July 2014|title=Bangalore franchise kabaddi team launched|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/bangalore-franchise-kabaddi-team-launched-114071601156_1.html|access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> Kosmik Music,<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/user/TheKOSMIKMUSIC/about Kosmik Music – YouTube<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> is a music label with more than 1,200 titles ranging from  Classical, Spiritual, Fusion, New Age, Devotional and Film.  Its most successful brand is "Sacred Chants" that was from traditional Vedic hymns.<ref>[https://openthemagazine.com/features/the-cult-of-kalki-bhagavan/ The Cult of Kalki Bhagavan – Open The Magazine<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
 
Bhagavan through his associates,<ref name="ga">https://www.greatandhra.com/politics/gossip/studio-n-channel-locked-out-90631</ref> is reported to own a defunct <ref name="ga"/> media company Studio N, a satellite television channel that is presently shuttered.<ref name="ga"/> It is reported to have  been purchased in 2014 from Narne Srinivas Rao, father-in-law of film actor [[N. T. Rama Rao Jr.|N. T. Rama Rao Jr]].<ref>. {{Cite web|title=IT Sleuths search Kalki Bhagavan's properties in Hyderabad|url=https://newsmeter.in/it-sleuths-search-kalki-bhagavans-properties-in-hyderabad/|last=Suares|first=Coreena|date=2019-10-16|website=NewsMeter|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref>
 
==Legal cases ==
=== Court action by social activist ===
 
In 2002, Social activist Viswanath Swami filed a complaint with the Indian Income-Tax Department, alleging that Vijayakumar and his associate R. Shankar had floated more than 10 trusts for rural development and obtained tax exemption for funds collected by these trusts. Swami alleged that Kalki Bhagavan was using these funds to help setup multiple businesses for his son NKV Krishna, rather than using the money for the stated purpose.<ref>{{cite web |last1=June 17 |first1=Arun Ram |last2=June 17 |first2=Arun Ram |last3=August 6 |first3=Arun Ram |last4=Ist |first4=Arun Ram |title=Kalki Bhagwan controversy: Tamil Nadu-based godman encounters spate of accusations |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/religion/story/20020617-kalki-bhagwan-controversy-tamil-nadu-based-godman-encounters-spate-of-accusations-795060-2002-06-17 |website=India Today |access-date=17 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Following this, in 2004, the [[Madras High Court]] took up a public interest litigation alleging misuse of public funds by various Kalki trusts. The Madras High Court then rejected this plea for a probe. Later, when the petitioner approached the [[Supreme Court of India]], a Supreme Court  bench comprising Justice [[Ruma Pal]] and Justice P. Venkatarama Reddi, upheld the judgement of the Madras High Court. The [[Supreme court of India]] after hearing counsel Prashant Bhushan, dismissed and rejected the petition by Vishwanath Swami,<ref>{{cite news | last = Correspondent | first = Legal  | work = The Hindu | title = Plea for CBI probe against godman turned down | date = 2004-02-03 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20040506191242/http://www.hindu.com/2004/02/04/stories/2004020401191300.htm] "</ref>
 
=== Lawsuit against newspaper ===
In 2019, writing for the ''Times of India'', Arun Ram recounts that, in 2002, he wrote an article about Kalki Bhagavan's Oneness Movement which resulted in a multi-million dollar lawsuit against the publication.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{Cite web|date=2019-11-04|title=How Kalki gave me a story, but not an Aishwarya look-alike|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/chennaitalkies/how-kalki-gave-me-a-story-but-not-an-aishwarya-look-alike/|access-date=2020-06-10|website=Times of India Blog|language=en-US}}</ref> However, the Mumbai High Court found in favour of the publication, and the media's 'right to write'.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/>
 
==Income tax raids==
 
 
 
In October 2019, more than 300 Income Tax department officials and police personnel raided about 40 premises associated with various businesses owned by Kalki Bhagavan and his family. During the marathon raid which took place for 5 days, the department confiscated unaccounted assets including:<ref name=autogenerated1 />
* Cash and gold worth US$12 Million
* Cash receipts worth US$55 Million
 
Investigators say Kalki Bhagavan laundered money and purchased assets abroad through ''[[Hawala]]'' transactions.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2019/11/09/mystic-and-the-moolah.html|title=Mystic and the moolah|website=The Week|access-date=9 February 2020}}</ref> His son N.K.V. Krishna and Krishna's wife, [[Preetha Krishna]], were questioned by the income tax department.
 
The [[Enforcement Directorate]] registered a case against Bhagavan and Krishna under the [[Foreign Exchange Management Act]].<ref name=":2" /> In December 2019, 907 acres of land owned by Kalki Bhagavan and his family was [[Attachment (law)|attached]] by Indian Law Enforcement  agencies.<ref name=autogenerated6 />
 
Reporters subsequently visiting Kalki Bhagavan's ashram near Chennai found it to be deserted, with the eleven cash counters all closed.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mystic and the moolah|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2019/11/09/mystic-and-the-moolah.html|website=The Week|language=en|access-date=2020-05-01}}</ref>
 
Kalki Bhagavan issued a statement denying that he had fled the country.<ref name=autogenerated12>{{Cite news|last=Rangarajan|first=A. d|date=2019-10-22|title=We have not fled the country, says Kalki Bhagavan, after I-T raids on his premises|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/we-have-not-fled-the-country-says-kalki-bhagavan-after-i-t-raids-on-his-premises/article29766983.ece|access-date=2020-05-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The investigation is in progress.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> The [[Madras High Court]] granted time for the Income Tax Department to file its counter affidavit to a writ petition preferred by Preetha Krishna against a [[look out circular]] issued by the department preventing her from flying abroad without receiving an Income Tax Department clearance certificate.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Mohamed |last=Imranullah|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/kalki-bhagavans-daughter-in-law-moves-hc-against-look-out-circular/article30042861.ece|title='Kalki' Bhagavan's daughter-in-law moves HC against 'look out circular'|date=22 November 2019|work=The Hindu|access-date=9 April 2020|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
 
Preetha Krishna's request to travel to the US and [[Ukraine]] was denied by the Income Tax Department assistant director K Mahadevan, who said that her presence would be necessary for the investigation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/kalki-900-acres-of-benami-land-attached-by-i-t/articleshow/72909944.cms|title=Kalki Bhagavan case: 900 acres of benami land attached by I-T |date=21 December 2019|first=B. |last=Sivakumar |website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=9 April 2020}}</ref>
 
== Personal information ==
=== Alternative names ===
Kalki Bhagavan (born ''Vijaykumar Naidu'') is referred to by his followers as ''Sri Bhagavan'', and popularly known as ''Kalki Bhagavan''.<ref name ="fire">{{Cite book|last=Windrider|first=Kiara|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muxPTNJJekkC&pg=PP5|title=Deeksha: The Fire from Heaven|date=2006|publisher=New World Library|isbn=978-1-930722-70-5|language=en}}</ref> He has also been called simply ''Kalki'', and several other names including ''Bhagavan Ishwara'' and ''Mukteshwar''.<ref name="Bhagwan Kalki {{!}} Life Positive"/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ardagh|first=Arjuna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sDubhH9Pb40C&q=Kalki,+Mukteshwar,+and+several+other+names&pg=PA286|title=Awakening Into Oneness: The Power of Blessing in the Evolution of Consciousness|date=2009-10-29|publisher=ReadHowYouWant.com|isbn=978-1-4587-3614-7|language=en}}</ref> In Sanskrit, ''Mukteshwar'' means 'Lord of Salvation'.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Reily|first1=Suzel Ana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tN_eDAAAQBAJ&q=Mukteshwar+salvation&pg=PA151|title=The Oxford Handbook of Music and World Christianities|last2=Dueck|first2=Jonathan M.|date=2016-03-16|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-986000-5|language=en}}</ref>
 
Kalki Bhagavan's wife has been known by several names including Bujjamma, 'Padmavathi' and 'Amma'.<ref>{{Cite web|last=S|first=Jayaseelan K.|date=2019-10-19|title=The rise of 'Kalki' Bhagwan: From an LIC agent to a self-proclaimed 'avatar'|url=https://thefederal.com/states/south/tamil-nadu/the-rise-of-kalki-bhagwan-from-an-lic-agent-to-a-self-proclaimed-avatar/|access-date=2020-08-07|website=The Federal|language=en-US}}</ref> Kalki Bhagavan and his wife together are known by their followers as ''Amma Bhagavan''.<ref name="english.religion.info">{{Cite web|date=2008-07-13|title=India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan|url=https://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/|access-date=2020-06-06|website=Religioscope|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
=== Early life ===
 
 
Vijay Kumar Naidu was born on 7 March 1949 in Natham Village, [[Gudiyatham]] Town, [[Vellore]] district, [[Tamil Nadu]], to Smt. Vaidarbhi Amma and Sri Varadarajulu. His father was the head of the accounts department of [[Indian Railways]] and his mother was a simple village woman. In 1955, when Vijay Kumar Naidu was six years of age, the family moved to [[Madras|Chennai]]. There, he attended [[Don Bosco Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Chennai|Don Bosco School]] in [[Chennai]]. Later, he graduated from [[DG Vaishnav College]] in [[Chennai]], majoring in mathematics.<ref>{{cite web |title=Narayanan, Dr. Vasudha, "A 'White Paper' on Kalki Bhagavan, 29 September 2002", University of Florida, Gainesville, Montclair. |url=https://msuweb.montclair.edu/~adarkara/d-kalki.html |website=msuweb.montclair.edu}}</ref> After completing college, he began working as an office clerk for [[Life Insurance Corporation of India]] (LIC).<ref name="thefederallic"/>
 
Vijay Kumar Naidu married Smt. Padmavathi on 9 June 1977. This was an arranged marriage following the prevalent customary practice in India for marriages decided by elders in the family.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} Padmavathi, who is addressed as Amma by their students, takes an interest and participation in building the spiritual organization Oneness.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}}
 
At an early age, Vijay Kumar Naidu was introduced to the philosophy of [[Jiddu Krishnamurti]] by his childhood friend R. Sankar. This drew him to the [[Theosophical Society]] in Chennai, to which he was a frequent visitor.<ref name="thefederallic">{{cite web|url=https://thefederal.com/states/south/tamil-nadu/the-rise-of-kalki-bhagwan-from-an-lic-agent-to-a-self-proclaimed-avatar/|title=The rise of 'Kalki' Bhagwan: From an LIC agent to a self-proclaimed 'avatar'|last=S|first=Jayaseelan K.|date=19 October 2019|website=The Federal|access-date=9 February 2020}}</ref>
 
In 1983, Vijaykumar was expelled from the [[Rishi Valley School]] where he used to work as an administrator with R. Sankar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/religion/story/20020617-kalki-bhagwan-controversy-tamil-nadu-based-godman-encounters-spate-of-accusations-795060-2002-06-17|title=Kalki Bhagwan controversy: Tamil Nadu-based godman encounters spate of accusations|last1=17 June|first1=Arun Ram|last2=June 17|first2=2002 ISSUE DATE|website=India Today|access-date=5 March 2020|last3=August 6|first3=2002UPDATED|last4=Ist|first4=2012 13:16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=site admin |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/religion/story/20020617-kalki-bhagwan-controversy-tamil-nadu-based-godman-encounters-spate-of-accusations-795060-2002-06-17 |title=Cult in crisis – RELIGION News – Issue Date: Jun 17, 2002 |publisher=Indiatoday.in |date=17 June 2002 |access-date=1 March 2020}}</ref>
 
=== Health ===
Kalki Bhagavan has been suffering from ill health for a long time.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Swamy |first1=Rohini |title=Kalki Bhagavan, guru who started as LIC clerk & now has 'undisclosed income' of Rs 500 cr |url=https://theprint.in/india/kalki-bhagavan-guru-started-as-lic-clerk-undisclosed-income-500-crore/309158/ |website=ThePrint |access-date=12 August 2020 |date=22 October 2019}}</ref>
 
During 2012–2013, Kalki Bhagavan was severely ill and underwent an [[open heart surgery]] in [[Apollo Hospital]] in Chennai.<ref>{{cite news |title=Concerns over health status of Kalki Bhagawan |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/301016/concerns-over-health-status-of-kalki-bhagawan.html |access-date=23 May 2020 |work=Deccan Chronicle |date=30 October 2016 |language=en}}</ref> 
 
In October 2016, Kalki Bhagavan was again admitted to the [[Apollo Hospital]] in [[Chennai]] due to a health ailment. He was rushed to the hospital from his ashram at [[Nemam]] on the outskirts of the city after he complained of uneasiness.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kalki Bhagavan hospitalized |url=http://www.mytelangana.com/sports/3387/kalki-bhagavan-hospitalized |access-date=17 May 2020 |work=mytelangana.com |language=en}}</ref>
 
In November 2019, he was admitted to an [[Intensive care unit]] (ICU) of a private hospital at [[Vanagaram]], after he suffered a heart attack.<ref name=autogenerated10 />
 
=== Political affiliation ===
Kalki Bhagavan has close affiliation with the [[Telugu Desam Party]] (TDP), a regional political party in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Vijaykumar Naidu along with the top leaders of the TDP, including former chief minister [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]], belong to the politically dominant [[Kamma (caste)|Kamma]] community. When the TDP was in power, lawmakers used to frequent Vijaykumar's ashram.<ref name=autogenerated11>{{cite web |title=Mystic and the moolah |url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2019/11/09/mystic-and-the-moolah.html |website=The Week |access-date=23 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref>


Vijaykumar openly supported the TDP in the Lok Sabha and assembly elections in [[Andhra Pradesh]] in 2019. Leaders of the regional party [[YSR Congress]], and other opposition parties alleged that the TDP ran its election campaign with the help of Bhagavan's employees who doubled as party workers. K. Adhimulam, a YSR Congress leader, alleged that Kalki Bhagavan was actively funding TDP's election campaign and that his ashram staff were [[Electoral fraud|distributing money to voters]].<ref name=autogenerated11 />
Bhagavan married Smt. Padmavathi on 9 June 1977. This was an arranged marriage following the prevalent customary practice in India for marriages decided by elders in the family.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}} Padmavathi, who is addressed as Amma by their students, takes an interest and participation in building the spiritual organization Oneness.{{sfn|Ardagh|2008|loc=Chapter 1,2}}. Kalki Bhagavan's wife 'Padmavathi' is also addressed 'Amma' (meaning 'mother'). Kalki Bhagavan and his wife together are known by their followers as ''Amma Bhagavan''.<ref name="english.religion.info" />


Vijaykumar's son NKV Krishna has deeper links with the [[Telugu Desam Party]]; he is the co-owner of the news channel [[Studio N (TV channel)|Studio N]], which was founded and run by TDP party members.<ref name=autogenerated11 />
At an early age, Bhagavan was introduced to the philosophy of [[Jiddu Krishnamurti]] by his childhood friend R. Sankar. This drew him to the [[Theosophical Society]] in Chennai, to which he was a frequent visitor.<ref name="gupea_2077" />


=== Family ===
Bhagavan's immediate family includes his wife Padmavati, his son NKV Krishna, and daughter-in-law Preetha.
Vijaykumar's immediate family includes his wife Padmavati, his son NKV Krishna, and daughter-in-law [[Preetha Krishna]].


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Ekam - The Oneness Temple]]
* [[Diksha]]
* [[Diksha]]
* [[Antaryamin]]


==External links==
==External links==
Line 245: Line 66:
* [https://www.lifepositive.com/the-school-for-enlightenment/ The School for Enlightenment]
* [https://www.lifepositive.com/the-school-for-enlightenment/ The School for Enlightenment]
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/WorldOnenessTV/featured World Oneness TV]
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/WorldOnenessTV/featured World Oneness TV]
* [https://hinduworldastrology.net/sri-sri-bhagavan-founder-oneness-movement/ Website and Profile of '''Sankar Bhagavadpada''' (R. Sankar), co-founder of the Oneness Movement; and Vijaykumar's childhood friend.]


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Hindu revivalists]]
[[Category:Hindu revivalists]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu spiritual teachers]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu spiritual teachers]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Indian real estate businesspeople]]
[[Category:New Age spiritual leaders]]
[[Category:New Age spiritual leaders]]
[[Category:People considered avatars by their followers]]
[[Category:People considered avatars by their followers]]
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[[Category:Self-declared messiahs]]
[[Category:Self-declared messiahs]]
[[Category:Supernatural healing]]
[[Category:Supernatural healing]]
[[Category:Cults]]

Latest revision as of 22:05, 18 May 2024


Sri Bhagawan
Born
Vijaykumar Naidu

(1949-03-07) 7 March 1949 (age 77)
Natham, Madras State, India (present-day Tamil Nadu)
NationalityIndian
Other namesSri Bhagavan, Amma Bhagwan (as a couple)
Alma materDG Vaishnav College, Chennai
Known forOneness
Spouse(s)
Padmavathi
(
m. 1977)

Sri Bhagawan (born 7 March 1949 as Vijay Kumar Naidu), popularly known as Kalki Bhagavan, is a spiritual teacher from India.[1][2] He is the founder of a spiritual organization called Oneness.[3] which has its headquarters in Varadaiahpalem, Tirupati district in Andhra Pradesh.[4]

Spiritual programs[edit | edit source]

Programs in India[edit | edit source]

Jeev ashram School located in Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh was founded by Sri Bhagavan, in July 1984 to provide an alternative form of education. The school's early benefactor was Dr. N. Sivakamu, a close associate of J. Krishnamurti.[5] The land for the school was taken on a lease, with the support provided by Hari Khoday, an Indian philanthropist. As director of the school, Sri Bhagavan's focus was to develop an environment for children to truly flower and discover themselves. The school had 180 residential students and 200 day students from nearby villages.[6] It was at this school that his spiritual work began. In the summer of 1989, one of the students reported a mystical experience of divine silence. Soon, many other students reported similar experiences, and they were also able to pass their experiences to one another. During these experiences, children had vision of various Gods and would converse with them. Sri Bhagavan explained that the children had got in touch with Antaryamin, the inner guide who dwells in your heart that guides all beings towards greater truth.[6] In 1991, Sri Bhagawan decided to close the school and start the spiritual work for the larger community. The school was closed a few years later in 1994, after the senior students had all graduated from high school and the remaining students were moved to other schools.[6]

Once the decision was made to close Jeevashram School, work started in developing the spiritual programs for the public.[6] The principal of the Jeevashram School with a small group of teachers started the spiritual programs for public. The workshops were conducted as residential retreat programs conducted over 7 days or 21 days. The workshop focused on helping the participant accept themselves as they are,[7] and connect with their own inner divine self the Antaryamin.[7] Students also reported various spiritual experiences including mystical visions of their own personal God riding a white horse, similar to the Kalki form of Vishnu from traditional Hindu beliefs.[8][9] Based on this shared spiritual experiences, the students and public would address Sri Bhagavan with the title "Kalki".[8]

A second campus was set up in 1992 near Chennai city a place called Somangalam. In 1994, the campus of Jeevashram School was renamed as Satyaloka. Advance retreat programs for public were conducted at this campus. By 1995, Sri Bhagavan's workshops were being conducted in all major cities in India. In 1995, the first major public event was held at Chennai city, attracting more than 100,000 students from across India. In 1999, the work on building the Oneness University[10] at Varadaiahpalem, Chittoor district Andhra Pradesh India started. Oneness University, located 70 km from Chennai, is accessible by the National Highway 5 and is on Tirupati Road leading to the ancient temple town of Kalahasthi. In 2000, the first campus was completed and Sri Bhagavan and his team of teachers moved to the campus. Over the next few years, various campuses, including the Oneness Temple in 2008[11] were built.

International programs[edit | edit source]

In 1998, the first course specifically made for Westerners were held, with 40 participants from Russia, USA and Scandinavia.[12] In January 2004, the first 3 weeks courses[12] for international students was started.[10] Starting from these courses, the participants were initiated to give deeksha to others.[12]

The headquarters and main campus for the movement is in Varadaiahpalem, Andhra Pradesh, India, which houses the Oneness Temple. The movement aimed "To create oneness for all for lasting spiritual transformation"[13] using the rite of deeksha.

Anna Hazare the Indian social reformer, states "All over India, oneness is the only University providing the values which have not been provided by any other University".[14][15] Ervin Laszlo of the Budapest Club, avers that the 'Oneness experience' are as real as any human sense perceptions of light, colour and sound, but conveyed via different neural process within the brain.[16]

In 2006, Tony Robbins, the well known American businessman and coach, discovered meditation through his visit to Oneness University, and has since incorporated teachings of Sri Bhagavan as part of his own programs.[17] In 2009, about 600 delegates from India and 36 others converged at Sri Bhagavan's Oneness University campus for the international convention of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad. This program was attended by various well-known figures, such as Ashok Singhal, Praveen Togadia, and Giriraj Kishore.[18][19] Well-known visitors to Sri Bhagavan's Oneness University campus include Bollywood stars Shilpa Shetty,[20] Manisha Koirala,[21] Manisha Koirala states, "I go away to Oneness University in Chennai – I gain clarity and get a sense of bliss.[22][23] Hrithik Roshan,[24] Rakesh Roshan[25] designer Donna Karan,[26] Deff Leppard musician Rick Allen,[26][27] NBA coach Pat Riley,[26] spiritual leader Sri Sri Ravi Shankar.[28][29] In 2011 he was included in Watkins Mind Body Spirit list of influential spiritual leaders for that year.[30]

O&O Academy[edit | edit source]

Over the years, Kalki Bhagavan's Oneness movement has called itself various names including the Foundation for World Awakening, Golden Age Foundation, Bhagavad Dharma, Kalki Dharma, Oneness University and Living in Joy Foundation.[31]

In 2017, the Oneness organization was handed over to Kalki Bhagavan's son, NKV Krishna and daughter-in-law Preetha Krishna.[32] They have merged it with their own One World Academy to form 'O&O Academy'.[32] During 2019, NKV Krishna and Preetha Krishna published a book together, called The Four Sacred Secrets, writing under the names 'Krishnaji' and 'Preethaji'.[33] In January 2020, NKV Krishna was interviewed by Nick Duerden of the British edition of GQ magazine.[34] In the interview, NKV Krishna claimed to be a guru with 10 million followers in India.[34] Krishna told the interviewer that his father saw otherworldly visions, including “...a gigantic golden orb of light provoking him to chant and meditate for the liberation of humankind”, and that he has inherited those visions.[34]

Early Life and Family[edit | edit source]

Bhagavan was born on 7 March 1949 in Natham Village, Gudiyatham Town, Vellore district, Tamil Nadu, to Smt. Vaidarbhi Amma and Sri Varadarajulu. His father was the head of the accounts department of Indian Railways and his mother was a simple village woman. In 1955, when Bhagavan was six years of age, the family moved to Chennai. There, he attended Don Bosco School in Chennai. Later, he graduated from DG Vaishnav College in Chennai, majoring in mathematics.[35] After completing college, he began working as an office clerk for Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).[12]

Bhagavan married Smt. Padmavathi on 9 June 1977. This was an arranged marriage following the prevalent customary practice in India for marriages decided by elders in the family.[6] Padmavathi, who is addressed as Amma by their students, takes an interest and participation in building the spiritual organization Oneness.[6]. Kalki Bhagavan's wife 'Padmavathi' is also addressed 'Amma' (meaning 'mother'). Kalki Bhagavan and his wife together are known by their followers as Amma Bhagavan.[31]

At an early age, Bhagavan was introduced to the philosophy of Jiddu Krishnamurti by his childhood friend R. Sankar. This drew him to the Theosophical Society in Chennai, to which he was a frequent visitor.[12]

Bhagavan's immediate family includes his wife Padmavati, his son NKV Krishna, and daughter-in-law Preetha.

See also[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Nadkarni, Vithal C. (2008). "Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril". The Economic Times.
  2. ↑ "Oneness Movement – WRSP".
  3. ↑ Preethaji; Krishnaji (6 August 2019). The Four Sacred Secrets: For Love and Prosperity, A Guide to Living in a Beautiful State. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-7379-0.
  4. ↑ "India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan". Religioscope. 13 July 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  5. ↑ Paranjape, Makarand (July 1997). "Bhagwan Kalki". Life Positive. https://www.lifepositive.com/bhagwan-kalki/
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Ardagh 2008, Chapter 1,2.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Varughese, Suma. "Sri Bhagawan Kalki – The School of Enlightenment". Life Positive. http://lifepositive.com/the-school-for-enlightenment/
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan". Religioscope. 13 July 2008.
  9. ↑ Monier Monier-Williams: Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages, 1889, reprinted 2003, Nataraj Books, Asian Educational Services, ISBN 81-206-0369-9
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Ardagh 2008, Chapter 2.
  11. ↑ Avadhani, Ramesh. "India: A visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagawan". Religiscope. http://english.religion.info/2008/07/13/india-a-visit-to-the-oneness-temple-of-amma-bhagwan/
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/33618/1/gupea_2077_33618_1.pdf
  13. ↑ TNN (2 February 2008). "Mumbai Inc learns about 'Oneness'". The Economic Times.(economictimes.com)
  14. ↑ "Anna Hazare Visited Oneness University". Vamsi, Amazed With Challenges And Incidents In Life. 21 August 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  15. ↑ "Anna Hazare Comments on Youth Course of Oneness University". Retrieved 24 October 2019 – via YouTube.
  16. ↑ Nadkarni, Vithal. "Oneness to the rescue of a world in peril". The Economic Times. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/oneness-to-the-rescue-of-a-world-in-peril/articleshow/2732690.cms
  17. ↑ "Tony Robbins, The CEO Whisperer". Fortune. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  18. ↑ Correspondent, Special (2 January 2009). "world convention". The Hindu. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help) [1]
  19. ↑ VHP condemns terrorism (The Hindu)
  20. ↑ "Shilpa Shetty in silent mode | The Hindu". Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  21. ↑ Varma, Lipika. "On her trip to Chennai, Manisha". Deccan Chronicle.
  22. ↑ "On her trip to Chennai, Manisha will catch up with Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam". Deccan Chronicle. 29 May 2017. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  23. ↑ "Manisha Koirala prays at Kalki Ashram". The Hindu. 24 November 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  24. ↑ MumbaiSeptember 7, Mail Today; September 7, 2009UPDATED; Ist, 2009 09:05. "Hrithik off to a wellness course with his family". India Today. Retrieved 24 October 2019. {{cite web}}: |first2= has generic name (help); |first3= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  25. ↑ "Hrithik & family get spiritual on dad's b'day". The Times of India.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 TNN (8 June 2008). "So, who's spiritual". The Times of India. "The Oneness University in Chennai set up by the couple Amma and Bhagwan, which has attracted international celebs like designer Donna Karan, Def Leppard musician Rick Allen and NBA coach Pat Riley"[2]
  27. ↑ "ONENESS CHANT by Lauren Monroe Allen and Rick Allen". Retrieved 24 October 2019 – via YouTube.
  28. ↑ "RAVI SHANKAR with ONENESS.MPG" – via YouTube.
  29. ↑ "Vijaykumar: From humble beginning to Godman Kalki". Outlookindia.com. 18 October 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  30. ↑ Watkins Books. "100 Spiritual Power List by Watkins, 2011". Watkins Review: Mind Body Spirit 1893 UK London (26). Watkins Books. Archived from the original on 20 July 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 "India: a visit to the Oneness Temple of Amma-Bhagwan". Religioscope. 13 July 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Preethaji; Krishnaji (6 August 2019). The Four Sacred Secrets: For Love and Prosperity, A Guide to Living in a Beautiful State. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-7379-0.
  33. ↑ "Publishers Weekly". publishersweekly.com. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 "Society once had religion to give it purpose. Now it has wellness coaches". British GQ. 12 January 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  35. ↑ "Narayanan, Dr. Vasudha, "A 'White Paper' on Kalki Bhagavan, 29 September 2002", University of Florida, Gainesville, Montclair". msuweb.montclair.edu.
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