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Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit Section blanking |
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| [[Category:11th-century Indian monarchs]] | | [[Category:11th-century Indian monarchs]] |
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| ==Against Mahmud of Ghazna==
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| After an unsuccessful invasion of Kalinjar in 1019 CE, [[Mahmud of Ghazni]] again invaded the [[Chandela|Chandela kingdom]] in 1022 CE and the war was fought outside of [[Kalinjar Fort|Kalinjar fort]]. After a long battle Mahmud surrendered and made a peace with Kalinjar. Later, [[Vidyadhara (Chandela ruler)|Vidyadhara]] celebrated his success over Mahmud of Ghazni, [[Bhoja]] and other rulers by building [[Kandariya Mahadeva Temple|Kandhariya Mahadev temple]].{{Sfn|Ring|Salkin|Boda|1994|p=468}}{{sfn|Mitra|1977|p=82}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Balakrishna |first=Sandeep |url=https://books.google.co.incom/books?id=lzALEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT69&dq=the+proud+kshatriya+king+vidyadhara&hlpg=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXkeOC7r_5AhU7R2wGHaaUAikQ6AF6BAgGEAM#v=onepage&q=the%20proud%20kshatriya%20king%20vidyadhara&f=falsePT69 |title=Invaders and Infidels (Book 1): From Sindh to Delhi: The 500-Year Journey of Islamic Invasions |date=2020-11-28 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-93-90077-22-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gopal |first=Dr Krishna |url=https://books.google.co.incom/books?id=GAfgAAAAMAAJ&q=Vidyadhar+Chandel&dq=Vidyadhar+Chandel&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjP5PHy-9f9AhU4xTgGHc-wAeY4HhDoAXoECAoQAw#Vidyadhar |title=Fairs and Festivals of India |date=2003 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-212-0810-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chakraberty |first=Chandra |url=https://books.google.co.incom/books?id=w-g9AAAAIAAJ&q=Vidyadhara+Chandel&dq=Vidyadhara+Chandel&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwibtfXD_tf9AhUH1jgGHVGSDwg4HhDoAXoECAYQAw#Vidyadhara |title=The Racial History of India |date=1944 |publisher=Vijaya Krishna Brothers |language=en}}</ref>
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| According to [[Nizamuddin Ahmad]]'s ''Tabaqat-i-Akbari'', the two armies were encamped on the opposite banks of a river. Mahmud sent an envoy to Vidyadhara (called "Nanda" by Ahmad), asking him to accept [[Islam]] and Mahmud's suzerainty. Vidyadhara refused to make a submission. After seeing the Chandela ruler's vast army from an elevated spot, Mahmud became worried. However, at night, Vidyadhara withdrew with some of his companions, leaving behind his army. According to this account, there was no fight between the two armies. After Vidyadhara's withdrawal, Mahmud's army sacked his camp, and procured a great amount of wealth, including 580 elephants. Gardezi, in his ''Zayn al-Akhbar'', states that the Chandela ruler (called "Ganda" in this account) had already deserted his camp by the time Mahmud's envoy reached there. [[Ali ibn al-Athir]] offers a different account, stating that the two armies fought a battle before retreating at the nightfall. {{sfn|Mitra|1977|pp=78-79}}
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| == Conflict with Bhoja == | | == Conflict with Bhoja == |
| {{Main|Invasion on Malwa & Tripuri}} | | {{Main|Invasion on Malwa & Tripuri}} |