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→Conquests in the Indus Valley
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===Conquests in the Indus Valley=== | ===Conquests in the Indus Valley=== | ||
While Akbar was in Lahore dealing with the Uzbeks, he sought to subjugate the [[Indus valley]] to secure the frontier provinces.<ref name="Richards6" /> In 1585, he sent an army to conquer [[Kashmir]] in the upper Indus basin after Ali Shah, the reigning king of the Shia Chak dynasty, refused to send his son as a hostage to the Mughal court. Ali Shah surrendered immediately to the Mughals, but another of his sons, Yaqub, crowned himself as king, leading a resistance against the Mughal armies. In June 1589, Akbar travelled from Lahore to Srinagar to receive the surrender of Yaqub and his rebel forces.<ref name="Richards6" /> [[Baltistan]] and [[Ladakh]], which were Tibetan provinces adjacent to Kashmir, pledged their allegiance to Akbar.<ref name="Eraly6">{{harvnb|Eraly|2000|pp=156–157}}</ref> The Mughals also moved to conquer [[Sindh]] in the lower Indus valley. | |||
Since 1574, the northern fortress of [[Bhakkar]] had remained under imperial control. In 1586, the Mughal governor of Multan tried and failed to secure the capitulation of Mirza Jani Beg, the independent ruler of [[Thatta]] in southern Sindh.<ref name="Richards6" /> Akbar responded by sending a Mughal army to besiege [[Sehwan]], the river capital of the region. Jani Beg mustered a large army to meet the Mughals.<ref name="Richards6" /> The outnumbered Mughal forces defeated the Sindhi forces at the Battle of Sehwan. After suffering further defeats, Jani Beg surrendered to the Mughals in 1591, and in 1593, paid homage to Akbar in Lahore.<ref name="Eraly6" /> | Since 1574, the northern fortress of [[Bhakkar]] had remained under imperial control. In 1586, the Mughal governor of Multan tried and failed to secure the capitulation of Mirza Jani Beg, the independent ruler of [[Thatta]] in southern Sindh.<ref name="Richards6" /> Akbar responded by sending a Mughal army to besiege [[Sehwan]], the river capital of the region. Jani Beg mustered a large army to meet the Mughals.<ref name="Richards6" /> The outnumbered Mughal forces defeated the Sindhi forces at the Battle of Sehwan. After suffering further defeats, Jani Beg surrendered to the Mughals in 1591, and in 1593, paid homage to Akbar in Lahore.<ref name="Eraly6" /> | ||