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== History == | == History == | ||
Until the mid-19th century, the area around Kalimpong was ruled in succession by the [[Sikkim]]ese and [[Bhutan]]ese kingdoms.<ref name="kalidarjhist" /><ref name="sikkimkalimpong"> | Until the mid-19th century, the area around Kalimpong was ruled in succession by the [[Sikkim]]ese and [[Bhutan]]ese kingdoms.<ref name="kalidarjhist" /><ref name="sikkimkalimpong"> | ||
{{cite book |last=Gurung |first=Chanda |author2=Gurung, Nawraj |title=Social and Gender Analysis in Natural Resource Management|editor=Ronnie Vernooy |publisher=International Development Research Centre (Canada), NetLibrary, Inc |year=2006|pages=39–43|chapter=The Social and Gendered Nature of Ginger Production and Commercialization |isbn=1-55250-218-X}} | {{cite book |last=Gurung |first=Chanda |author2=Gurung, Nawraj |title=Social and Gender Analysis in Natural Resource Management|editor=Ronnie Vernooy |publisher=International Development Research Centre (Canada), NetLibrary, Inc |year=2006|pages=39–43|chapter=The Social and Gendered Nature of Ginger Production and Commercialization |isbn=1-55250-218-X}} | ||
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Following [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] in 1947, Kalimpong became part of the state of West Bengal, after Bengal was partitioned between India and [[East Pakistan]]. With [[People's Republic of China|China's]] annexation of [[Tibet]] in 1959, many Buddhist monks fled Tibet and established monasteries in Kalimpong. These monks brought many rare Buddhist scriptures with them. In 1962, the permanent closure of the [[Jelep Pass]] after the [[Sino-Indian War]] disrupted trade between Tibet and India, and led to a slowdown in Kalimpong's economy. In 1976, the visiting [[Dalai Lama]] consecrated the [[Zang Dhok Palri Phodang]] monastery, which houses many of the scriptures.<ref name="tribunekalim" /> | Following [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] in 1947, Kalimpong became part of the state of West Bengal, after Bengal was partitioned between India and [[East Pakistan]]. With [[People's Republic of China|China's]] annexation of [[Tibet]] in 1959, many Buddhist monks fled Tibet and established monasteries in Kalimpong. These monks brought many rare Buddhist scriptures with them. In 1962, the permanent closure of the [[Jelep Pass]] after the [[Sino-Indian War]] disrupted trade between Tibet and India, and led to a slowdown in Kalimpong's economy. In 1976, the visiting [[Dalai Lama]] consecrated the [[Zang Dhok Palri Phodang]] monastery, which houses many of the scriptures.<ref name="tribunekalim" /> | ||
Between 1986 and 1988, the demand for a separate state of [[Gorkhaland]] and [[Kamtapur]] based on ethnic lines grew strong. Riots between the [[Gorkha National Liberation Front]] (GNLF) and the West Bengal government reached a stand-off after a forty-day strike. The town was virtually under siege, and the state government called in the Indian army to maintain law and order. This led to the formation of the [[Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council]], a body that was given semi-autonomous powers to govern the Darjeeling district, except the area under the [[Siliguri subdivision]]. Since 2007, the demand for a separate Gorkhaland state has been revived by the [[Gorkha Janmukti Morcha]] and its supporters in the Darjeeling hills.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.darjeelingtimes.com/news/Top-Story/Call-for-Gorkhaland-renewed.html |title=Call for Gorkhaland renewed |date=7 October 2007 |publisher=Darjeeling Times |access-date=13 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222214506/http://www.darjeelingtimes.com/news/Top-Story/Call-for-Gorkhaland-renewed.html |archive-date=22 December 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Kamtapur People's Party]] and its supporters' movement for a separate Kamtapur state covering [[North Bengal]] have gained momentum.<ref>{{cite web | Between 1986 and 1988, the demand for a separate state of [[Gorkhaland]] and [[Kamtapur]] based on ethnic lines grew strong. Riots between the [[Gorkha National Liberation Front]] (GNLF) and the West Bengal government reached a stand-off after a forty-day strike. The town was virtually under siege, and the state government called in the Indian army to maintain law and order. This led to the formation of the [[Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council]], a body that was given semi-autonomous powers to govern the Darjeeling district, except the area under the [[Siliguri subdivision]]. Since 2007, the demand for a separate Gorkhaland state has been revived by the [[Gorkha Janmukti Morcha]] and its supporters in the Darjeeling hills.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.darjeelingtimes.com/news/Top-Story/Call-for-Gorkhaland-renewed.html |title=Call for Gorkhaland renewed |date=7 October 2007 |publisher=Darjeeling Times |access-date=13 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222214506/http://www.darjeelingtimes.com/news/Top-Story/Call-for-Gorkhaland-renewed.html |archive-date=22 December 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Kamtapur People's Party]] and its supporters' movement for a separate Kamtapur state covering [[North Bengal]] have gained momentum.<ref>{{cite web | ||
|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-29/india/28100583_1_kamtapur-state-north-bengal-demand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617172345/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-29/india/28100583_1_kamtapur-state-north-bengal-demand |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 June 2013 |title=Now, demand for a separate Kamtapur state in WBengal |author=[[Press Trust of India]] (PTI) |date=29 December 2009 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=11 December 2012}}</ref> | |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-29/india/28100583_1_kamtapur-state-north-bengal-demand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617172345/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-29/india/28100583_1_kamtapur-state-north-bengal-demand |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 June 2013 |title=Now, demand for a separate Kamtapur state in WBengal |author=[[Press Trust of India]] (PTI) |date=29 December 2009 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=11 December 2012}}</ref> | ||
== Geography == | == Geography == | ||
[[File: | [[File:Kalimpongkanchenjanga.jpg|thumb|Most large houses in Kalimpong were built during the British era. In the background is [[Kangchenjunga]].]] | ||
The town centre is on a [[ridge]] connecting two hills, [[Deolo Hill]] and [[Durpin Hill]],<ref name="tribunekalim" /> at an elevation of {{convert|1247|m|ft|abbr=on}}. Deolo, the highest point in Kalimpong, has an altitude of {{convert|1704|m|ft|abbr=on}} and Durpin Hill is at an elevation of {{convert|1372|m|ft|abbr=on}}. The [[River Teesta]] flows in the valley below and separates Kalimpong from the state of Sikkim. The soil in the Kalimpong area is typically reddish in color. Occasional dark soils are found due to extensive existence of [[phyllite]] and [[schists]].<ref name="Identification and Mapping of Hazard Prone areas regarding landslide in the Darjeeling Hill areas">{{cite web |url=http://darjeeling.gov.in/geography.html |title=Identification and Mapping of Hazard Prone areas regarding landslide in the Darjeeling Hill areas |website=Department of Ecology & Environment |publisher=Government of Darjeeling |access-date=20 December 2008}}</ref> The [[Siwalik Hills|Shiwalik Hills]], like most of the Himalayan foothills, have steep slopes and soft, loose topsoil, leading to frequent [[landslide]]s in the [[monsoon]] season.<ref name="Identification and Mapping of Hazard Prone areas regarding landslide in the Darjeeling Hill areas" /> The hills are nestled within higher peaks and the snow-clad Himalayan ranges tower over the town in the distance. [[Kanchenjunga]], at {{convert|8586|m|ft|abbr=on}} the world's third tallest peak,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4578767.stm |title=Kanchenjunga golden jubilee held |publisher=BBC News: South Asia |date=25 May 2005 |access-date=11 December 2012}}</ref> is clearly visible from Kalimpong.<ref name="General Information" /> | The town centre is on a [[ridge]] connecting two hills, [[Deolo Hill]] and [[Durpin Hill]],<ref name="tribunekalim" /> at an elevation of {{convert|1247|m|ft|abbr=on}}. Deolo, the highest point in Kalimpong, has an altitude of {{convert|1704|m|ft|abbr=on}} and Durpin Hill is at an elevation of {{convert|1372|m|ft|abbr=on}}. The [[River Teesta]] flows in the valley below and separates Kalimpong from the state of Sikkim. The soil in the Kalimpong area is typically reddish in color. Occasional dark soils are found due to extensive existence of [[phyllite]] and [[schists]].<ref name="Identification and Mapping of Hazard Prone areas regarding landslide in the Darjeeling Hill areas">{{cite web |url=http://darjeeling.gov.in/geography.html |title=Identification and Mapping of Hazard Prone areas regarding landslide in the Darjeeling Hill areas |website=Department of Ecology & Environment |publisher=Government of Darjeeling |access-date=20 December 2008}}</ref> The [[Siwalik Hills|Shiwalik Hills]], like most of the Himalayan foothills, have steep slopes and soft, loose topsoil, leading to frequent [[landslide]]s in the [[monsoon]] season.<ref name="Identification and Mapping of Hazard Prone areas regarding landslide in the Darjeeling Hill areas" /> The hills are nestled within higher peaks and the snow-clad Himalayan ranges tower over the town in the distance. [[Kanchenjunga]], at {{convert|8586|m|ft|abbr=on}} the world's third tallest peak,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4578767.stm |title=Kanchenjunga golden jubilee held |publisher=BBC News: South Asia |date=25 May 2005 |access-date=11 December 2012}}</ref> is clearly visible from Kalimpong.<ref name="General Information" /> | ||
===Climate=== | ===Climate=== | ||
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== Economy == | == Economy == | ||
Tourism is the most significant contributor to Kalimpong's economy.<ref name="kuenseledu">{{cite news |url=http://www.kuenselonline.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=11317 |title=Kalimpong — As popular an educational destination as ever |last=Norbu |first=Passang |date=17 October 2008 |work=Kuensel Online |publisher=Kuensel Corporation |access-date=9 December 2008 }}</ref> The [[summer]] and [[Spring (season)|spring]] seasons are the most popular with tourists, keeping many of town's residents employed directly and indirectly. The town—earlier an important trade post between India and Tibet—hoped to boost its economy after the reopening of the [[Nathu La]] pass in April 2006.<ref>[http://www.flonnet.com/fl2014/stories/20030718005201800.htm Routes of promise] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716230615/http://www.flonnet.com/fl2014/stories/20030718005201800.htm |date=16 July 2012 }}, [http://www.flonnet.com/ Frontline magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404074358/http://www.flonnet.com/ |date=4 April 2005 }}, Volume 20, Issue 14; 5–18 July July 2004</ref> Though this resumed Indo–China border trades, local leaders requested that the [[Jelep La]] pass also be reopened to allow trade.<ref name="telegraphPranab">{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080519/jsp/siliguri/story_9289288.jsp |title=Pranab blots out Jelep-la from memory |publisher=The Telegraph, Calcutta |date=19 March 2008 |access-date=14 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605115620/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080519/jsp/siliguri/story_9289288.jsp |archive-date=5 June 2011}}</ref> | Tourism is the most significant contributor to Kalimpong's economy.<ref name="kuenseledu">{{cite news |url=http://www.kuenselonline.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=11317 |title=Kalimpong — As popular an educational destination as ever |last=Norbu |first=Passang |date=17 October 2008 |work=Kuensel Online |publisher=Kuensel Corporation |access-date=9 December 2008 }}</ref> The [[summer]] and [[Spring (season)|spring]] seasons are the most popular with tourists, keeping many of town's residents employed directly and indirectly. The town—earlier an important trade post between India and Tibet—hoped to boost its economy after the reopening of the [[Nathu La]] pass in April 2006.<ref>[http://www.flonnet.com/fl2014/stories/20030718005201800.htm Routes of promise] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716230615/http://www.flonnet.com/fl2014/stories/20030718005201800.htm |date=16 July 2012 }}, [http://www.flonnet.com/ Frontline magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404074358/http://www.flonnet.com/ |date=4 April 2005 }}, Volume 20, Issue 14; 5–18 July July 2004</ref> Though this resumed Indo–China border trades, local leaders requested that the [[Jelep La]] pass also be reopened to allow trade.<ref name="telegraphPranab">{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080519/jsp/siliguri/story_9289288.jsp |title=Pranab blots out Jelep-la from memory |publisher=The Telegraph, Calcutta |date=19 March 2008 |access-date=14 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605115620/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080519/jsp/siliguri/story_9289288.jsp |archive-date=5 June 2011}}</ref> | ||
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== Transport == | == Transport == | ||
[[National Highway 10 (India)|NH10]] winds along the banks of the river [[Teesta river|Teesta]] near Kalimpong.]] | [[National Highway 10 (India)|NH10]] winds along the banks of the river [[Teesta river|Teesta]] near Kalimpong.]] | ||
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== People, culture, and cuisine == | == People, culture, and cuisine == | ||
The original settlers of Kalimpong are the [[Lepcha people|Lepchas]], although the majority of the populace are ethnic [[Indian Gorkhas]], having migrated from Tibet and Nepal to Kalimpong in search of jobs while it was under British rule.<ref name="Bhutan: Society and Polity">{{cite book |author=Ramakant |author2=Ramesh Chandra Misra |title=Bhutan: Society and Polity |publisher=Indus Publishing |year=1996 |page=80 |isbn=978-81-7387-044-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m8U94l6xHlYC&q=kalimpong+%22ethnic+communities%22&pg=PA80 }}</ref> | The original settlers of Kalimpong are the [[Lepcha people|Lepchas]], although the majority of the populace are ethnic [[Indian Gorkhas]], having migrated from Tibet and Nepal to Kalimpong in search of jobs while it was under British rule.<ref name="Bhutan: Society and Polity">{{cite book |author=Ramakant |author2=Ramesh Chandra Misra |title=Bhutan: Society and Polity |publisher=Indus Publishing |year=1996 |page=80 |isbn=978-81-7387-044-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m8U94l6xHlYC&q=kalimpong+%22ethnic+communities%22&pg=PA80 }}</ref> | ||
Indigenous ethnic groups include the [[Bhutia]], [[Limbu people|Limbu]]s, [[Rai people|Rais]], [[Sherpa (people)|Sherpa]]s, [[Magar people|Magar]]s,<ref name="People and culture">{{cite web |url=http://darjeeling.gov.in/people.html |title=People and culture |publisher=Government of Darjeeling |access-date=3 January 2009 }}</ref> [[Chhetri|Chettris]], [[Bahun]]s, [[Thakuri]]s, [[Gurung people|Gurungs]], [[Tamang people|Tamangs]], [[Hyolmo people|Yolmo]]s, [[Bhujel]]s, [[Yakkha people|Yakkha]]s, [[Sunuwar]]s, [[Sirki|Sarkis]], [[Damai]]s and the [[Kami]]s.<ref name="Rebuilding Buddhism ">{{cite book |first=Sarah |last=LeVine |author2=David N. Gellner |title=Rebuilding Buddhism |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2005 |page=25 |isbn=978-0-674-01908-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e9C1iF3MAYgC&q=kalimpong+Limbus&pg=PA25 }}</ref> The other non-native communities as old as the [[Indian Gorkha]]s are the [[Bengalis]], [[Muslim]]s, [[Anglo-Indian]]s, [[Chinese race|Chinese]], [[Bihar]]is and [[Tibetan people|Tibetans]] who escaped to Kalimpong after fleeing the [[Communist Party of China|Communist Chinese]] invasion of Tibet. Kalimpong is home to [[Trinley Thaye Dorje]]—one of the [[17th Karmapa]] incarnations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vienna-dharma-projects.org/English/images/LETTER1a.pdf |title=Karmapa Charitable Trust: Announcement from the Council of His Holiness Gyalwa Karmapa |date=17 May 2006 |access-date=16 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220024519/http://www.vienna-dharma-projects.org/English/images/LETTER1a.pdf |archive-date=20 February 2009 }}</ref> Kalimpong is the closest Indian town to Bhutan's western border, and has a small number of [[Demographics of Bhutan|Bhutan]]ese nationals residing here. [[Hinduism]] is the largest religion followed by [[Pranami Sampraday|Nijananda Sampradaya]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Christianity]].<ref name="People and culture" /> [[Islam]] has a minuscule presence in this region, The Oldest settlers include people residing since the mid of 19th Century and also mostly [[Tibetan Muslims]] who fled in 1959 after [[Invasion of Tibet (1950–1951)|Chinese invasion of Tibet]].<ref name="Muslims of Tibet">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Sunday_Specials/Muslims_of_Tibet/articleshow/3008446.cms |title=Muslims of Tibet |date=4 May 2008 |publisher=Times of India |access-date=29 December 2008|first1=Atul|last1=Sethi }}</ref> The Buddhist monastery [[Zang Dhok Palri Phodang]] holds a number of rare [[Tibetan Buddhism|Tibetan Buddhist]] scriptures.<ref name="Special: Kalimpong, West Bengal in Rediff" /> There is a [[Mosque]], Kalimpong Anjuman Islamia Established in 1887 in the bazaar area of Kalimpong.<ref name="Prayers for tsunami dead — Tragedy unites Kalimpong faithful ">{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050107/asp/siliguri/story_4221319.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526022623/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050107/asp/siliguri/story_4221319.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 May 2011 |title=Prayers for tsunami dead — Tragedy unites Kalimpong faithful |date=7 January 2005 |publisher=Telegraph India |access-date=29 December 2008 |first=Reza |last=Pradhan}}</ref> | Indigenous ethnic groups include the [[Bhutia]], [[Limbu people|Limbu]]s, [[Rai people|Rais]], [[Sherpa (people)|Sherpa]]s, [[Magar people|Magar]]s,<ref name="People and culture">{{cite web |url=http://darjeeling.gov.in/people.html |title=People and culture |publisher=Government of Darjeeling |access-date=3 January 2009 }}</ref> [[Chhetri|Chettris]], [[Bahun]]s, [[Thakuri]]s, [[Gurung people|Gurungs]], [[Tamang people|Tamangs]], [[Hyolmo people|Yolmo]]s, [[Bhujel]]s, [[Yakkha people|Yakkha]]s, [[Sunuwar]]s, [[Sirki|Sarkis]], [[Damai]]s and the [[Kami]]s.<ref name="Rebuilding Buddhism ">{{cite book |first=Sarah |last=LeVine |author2=David N. Gellner |title=Rebuilding Buddhism |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2005 |page=25 |isbn=978-0-674-01908-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e9C1iF3MAYgC&q=kalimpong+Limbus&pg=PA25 }}</ref> The other non-native communities as old as the [[Indian Gorkha]]s are the [[Bengalis]], [[Muslim]]s, [[Anglo-Indian]]s, [[Chinese race|Chinese]], [[Bihar]]is and [[Tibetan people|Tibetans]] who escaped to Kalimpong after fleeing the [[Communist Party of China|Communist Chinese]] invasion of Tibet. Kalimpong is home to [[Trinley Thaye Dorje]]—one of the [[17th Karmapa]] incarnations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vienna-dharma-projects.org/English/images/LETTER1a.pdf |title=Karmapa Charitable Trust: Announcement from the Council of His Holiness Gyalwa Karmapa |date=17 May 2006 |access-date=16 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220024519/http://www.vienna-dharma-projects.org/English/images/LETTER1a.pdf |archive-date=20 February 2009 }}</ref> Kalimpong is the closest Indian town to Bhutan's western border, and has a small number of [[Demographics of Bhutan|Bhutan]]ese nationals residing here. [[Hinduism]] is the largest religion followed by [[Pranami Sampraday|Nijananda Sampradaya]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Christianity]].<ref name="People and culture" /> [[Islam]] has a minuscule presence in this region, The Oldest settlers include people residing since the mid of 19th Century and also mostly [[Tibetan Muslims]] who fled in 1959 after [[Invasion of Tibet (1950–1951)|Chinese invasion of Tibet]].<ref name="Muslims of Tibet">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Sunday_Specials/Muslims_of_Tibet/articleshow/3008446.cms |title=Muslims of Tibet |date=4 May 2008 |publisher=Times of India |access-date=29 December 2008|first1=Atul|last1=Sethi }}</ref> The Buddhist monastery [[Zang Dhok Palri Phodang]] holds a number of rare [[Tibetan Buddhism|Tibetan Buddhist]] scriptures.<ref name="Special: Kalimpong, West Bengal in Rediff" /> There is a [[Mosque]], Kalimpong Anjuman Islamia Established in 1887 in the bazaar area of Kalimpong.<ref name="Prayers for tsunami dead — Tragedy unites Kalimpong faithful ">{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050107/asp/siliguri/story_4221319.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526022623/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050107/asp/siliguri/story_4221319.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 May 2011 |title=Prayers for tsunami dead — Tragedy unites Kalimpong faithful |date=7 January 2005 |publisher=Telegraph India |access-date=29 December 2008 |first=Reza |last=Pradhan}}</ref> | ||
Local Hindu festivals include [[Dashain]], [[Tihar (festival)|Tihar]], [[Sakela]] Cultural Programme and the Tibetan festival of [[Losar]]. The official languages are [[Hindi]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Nepali language|Nepali]], with [[Indian English|English]] acting as the additional official language.<ref name="langreport"> | Local Hindu festivals include [[Dashain]], [[Tihar (festival)|Tihar]], [[Sakela]] Cultural Programme and the Tibetan festival of [[Losar]]. The official languages are [[Hindi]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Nepali language|Nepali]], with [[Indian English|English]] acting as the additional official language.<ref name="wblangoff"> | ||
{{cite web |title=Fact and Figures |url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy |website=www.wb.gov.in |access-date=10 March 2019}} | |||
</ref><ref name="langreport"> | |||
{{cite web |title=52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |website=nclm.nic.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]] |access-date=10 March 2019 |page=85 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017}} | {{cite web |title=52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |website=nclm.nic.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]] |access-date=10 March 2019 |page=85 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017}} | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
Languages spoken in Kalimpong include [[Nepali language|Nepali]] and [[Hindi]], which are the predominant languages; [[Lepcha language|Lepcha]], [[Limbu language|Limbu]], [[Rai languages|Rai]], [[Tamang language|Tamang]], and [[Indian English|English]].<ref name="General Information" /> Though there is a growing interest in [[cricket]] as a winter sport in Darjeeling Hills, [[association football|football]] still remains the most popular sport in Kalimpong.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070212/asp/siliguri/story_7379834.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526024527/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070212/asp/siliguri/story_7379834.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 May 2011 |title=Cricket feast for hill sports freaks — Tourney draws the best of talent |first=Rajeev |last=Ravidas |publisher=The Telegraph |location=Calcutta |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=16 January 2009 }}</ref> Every year since 1947, the Independence Shield Football Tournament is organized here as part of the two-day-long Independence Day celebrations.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050803/asp/siliguri/story_5060715.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125053521/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050803/asp/siliguri/story_5060715.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 November 2005 |title=Soccer for I-Day celebrations |publisher=The Telegraph, Calcutta |date=3 August 2005 |access-date=16 January 2009 }}</ref> Former captain of [[India national football team]], [[Pem Dorjee]] hails from Kalimpong.<ref name="Kalimpong boys dream big after Subroto Cup debut">{{cite news |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kalimpong-boys-dream-big-after-subroto-cup-debut/73922-5.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229084341/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kalimpong-boys-dream-big-after-subroto-cup-debut/73922-5.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 December 2008 |title=Kalimpong boys dream big after Subroto Cup debut |first=Mendra |last=Dorjey |date=19 September 2008 |publisher=CNN-IBN |access-date=3 January 2009 }}</ref> | Languages spoken in Kalimpong include [[Nepali language|Nepali]] and [[Hindi]], which are the predominant languages; [[Lepcha language|Lepcha]], [[Limbu language|Limbu]], [[Rai languages|Rai]], [[Tamang language|Tamang]], and [[Indian English|English]].<ref name="General Information" /> Though there is a growing interest in [[cricket]] as a winter sport in Darjeeling Hills, [[association football|football]] still remains the most popular sport in Kalimpong.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070212/asp/siliguri/story_7379834.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526024527/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070212/asp/siliguri/story_7379834.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 May 2011 |title=Cricket feast for hill sports freaks — Tourney draws the best of talent |first=Rajeev |last=Ravidas |publisher=The Telegraph |location=Calcutta |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=16 January 2009 }}</ref> Every year since 1947, the Independence Shield Football Tournament is organized here as part of the two-day-long Independence Day celebrations.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050803/asp/siliguri/story_5060715.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125053521/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050803/asp/siliguri/story_5060715.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 November 2005 |title=Soccer for I-Day celebrations |publisher=The Telegraph, Calcutta |date=3 August 2005 |access-date=16 January 2009 }}</ref> Former captain of [[India national football team]], [[Pem Dorjee]] hails from Kalimpong.<ref name="Kalimpong boys dream big after Subroto Cup debut">{{cite news |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kalimpong-boys-dream-big-after-subroto-cup-debut/73922-5.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229084341/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kalimpong-boys-dream-big-after-subroto-cup-debut/73922-5.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 December 2008 |title=Kalimpong boys dream big after Subroto Cup debut |first=Mendra |last=Dorjey |date=19 September 2008 |publisher=CNN-IBN |access-date=3 January 2009 }}</ref> | ||
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Kalimpong is also known for their rich practice of [[cactus]] cultivation. Its nurseries attract people from far and wide for the absolutely stunning collection of cacti they cultivate. The strains of cacti, though not indigenous to the locale, have been carefully cultivated over the years, and now the town boasts one of the most fascinating and exhaustive collections of the family [[Cactus|Cactaceae]]. The plants have adapted well to the altitude and environment, and now prove to be one of the chief draws of tourism to the township.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g503707-d1205655-Reviews-Kalimpong_Cactus_Nursery-Kalimpong_West_Bengal.html |title=TripAdvisor Review of Cactus nursery in Kalimpong |work=TripAdvisor |publisher=TripAdvisor |access-date=4 December 2015 }}</ref><ref name="When You Dare to Dream - Daily Star">{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/star-weekend/campus/when-you-dare-dream-99154 |title=When You Dare to Dream |date=June 2015 |work=Md Sohel Rana |publisher=DailyStar |access-date=4 December 2015 }}</ref> | Kalimpong is also known for their rich practice of [[cactus]] cultivation. Its nurseries attract people from far and wide for the absolutely stunning collection of cacti they cultivate. The strains of cacti, though not indigenous to the locale, have been carefully cultivated over the years, and now the town boasts one of the most fascinating and exhaustive collections of the family [[Cactus|Cactaceae]]. The plants have adapted well to the altitude and environment, and now prove to be one of the chief draws of tourism to the township.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g503707-d1205655-Reviews-Kalimpong_Cactus_Nursery-Kalimpong_West_Bengal.html |title=TripAdvisor Review of Cactus nursery in Kalimpong |work=TripAdvisor |publisher=TripAdvisor |access-date=4 December 2015 }}</ref><ref name="When You Dare to Dream - Daily Star">{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/star-weekend/campus/when-you-dare-dream-99154 |title=When You Dare to Dream |date=June 2015 |work=Md Sohel Rana |publisher=DailyStar |access-date=4 December 2015 }}</ref> | ||
==Kalimpong picture gallery== | |||
<gallery widths="190px" heights="160px"> | |||
File:Kalimpong 02.jpg|thumb|View of [[Kanchenjunga]] | |||
File:Kalimpong 52.jpg|Oranges grown in the hillsides are exported to many parts of India. | |||
File:Zang Dhok Palri Phodang 01.jpg|The [[Zang Dhok Palri Phodang]] monastery atop Durpin Hill | |||
File:Teestavalley.jpg|Teesta Valley | |||
File:Morgan House Kalimpong 2.jpg|[[Morgan House, Kalimpong|Morgan House]] is a classic example of colonial architecture in Kalimpong. | |||
File:Katherine_Graham_Memorial_Chapel%2C_Dr._Graham%27s_Homes%2C_Kalimpong%2C_West_Bengal_Side.jpg|Katherine Graham Memorial Chapel, Dr. Graham's Homes | |||
File:Kalimpong Clock Tower.jpg|The Clock Tower of Kalimpong. | |||
File:Deolo.jpg|thumb|A view from the Deolo Cliff Eco Resort, atop Deolo Hill, Kalimpong's highest point | |||
</gallery> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||