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{{short description|Erstwhile seat of the Parliament of India in Delhi}} | {{short description|Erstwhile seat of the Parliament of India in Delhi}} | ||
{{about|Samvidhan Sadan (Old Parliament House)|New Parliament House|New Parliament House, New Delhi}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox historic building | {{Infobox historic building | ||
| name = | | name = Samvidhan Sadan | ||
| native_name = {{IAST| | | native_name = {{IAST|संविधान सदन}} | ||
| native_name_lang = sa | | native_name_lang = sa | ||
| former_name = Parliament House | | former_name = Parliament House | ||
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| logo_size = | | logo_size = | ||
| logo_caption = | | logo_caption = | ||
| alternate_names = | | alternate_names = Old Parliament Building | ||
| status = Retired and waiting for heritage restoration | | status = Retired and waiting for heritage restoration | ||
| image = New Delhi government block 03-2016 img3.jpg | | image = New Delhi government block 03-2016 img3.jpg | ||
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| cost = | | cost = | ||
| ren_cost = | | ren_cost = | ||
| owner = | | owner = [[Government of India]] | ||
[[Government of India]] | |||
| current_tenants = Museum of Indian Democracy | | current_tenants = Museum of Indian Democracy | ||
| location = [[New Delhi]] | | location = [[New Delhi]] | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
| start_date = 1921 | | start_date = 1921 | ||
| completion_date = 18 February 1927 | | completion_date = 18 February 1927 | ||
| opened_date = 18 February 1927 by [[Viceroy of India]] [[ | | opened_date = 18 February 1927 by [[Viceroy of India]] [[Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax|Irwin]] | ||
| inauguration_date = | | inauguration_date = | ||
| renovation_date = | | renovation_date = | ||
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| seating_capacity = 790 | | seating_capacity = 790 | ||
| elevator_count = | | elevator_count = | ||
| architect = {{ubl|[[ | | architect = {{ubl|[[Edwin Lutyens]]|[[Herbert Baker]]}} | ||
| architecture_firm = | | architecture_firm = | ||
| structural_engineer = | | structural_engineer = | ||
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| highest_end = | | highest_end = | ||
| highest_next = | | highest_next = | ||
}} | }} | ||
The ''' | The '''Samvidhan Sadan''' ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: {{IAST|संविधान सदन}})<ref>{{Cite web |last=PTI |date=2023-09-19 |title=Old Parliament building renamed ‘Samvidhan Sadan’ |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/old-parliament-building-renamed-samvidhan-sadan/article67322086.ece |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=BusinessLine |language=en}}</ref> in [[New Delhi]], formerly known as the '''Old Parliament Building and even more formerly the Parliament Building''', was the seat of the [[Imperial Legislative Council]] between 18 January 1927 and 15 August 1947, the [[Constituent Assembly of India]] between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950, and the [[Parliament of India]] between 26 January 1950 and 18 September 2023. For 73 years, it housed the [[Lok Sabha]] and the [[Rajya Sabha]], the [[Lower house|lower]] and [[Upper house|upper houses]] respectively in India's [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] parliament. | ||
The building was designed by British architects [[Edwin Lutyens]] and [[Herbert Baker]] and was constructed between 1921 and 1927. It was opened in January 1927 as the seat of the [[Imperial Legislative Council]]. Following the British withdrawal from India, it was taken over by the [[Constituent Assembly of India]], and then by the Indian Parliament once [[Constitution of India|India's Constitution]] came into force on 26 January 1950 with India becoming a republic.<ref name="HT20">{{Cite news|title=New Parliament complex may seat 1,350 members|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/new-parliament-complex-may-seat-1-350-members/story-KThUBY2psc9rBVjc5BvxvN.html|author=Anisha Dutta|date=31 January 2020|access-date=1 February 2020}}</ref> | The building was designed by British architects [[Edwin Lutyens]] and [[Herbert Baker]] and was constructed between 1921 and 1927. It was opened in January 1927 as the seat of the [[Imperial Legislative Council]]. Following the British withdrawal from India, it was taken over by the [[Constituent Assembly of India]], and then by the Indian Parliament once [[Constitution of India|India's Constitution]] came into force on 26 January 1950 with India becoming a republic.<ref name="HT20">{{Cite news|title=New Parliament complex may seat 1,350 members|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/new-parliament-complex-may-seat-1-350-members/story-KThUBY2psc9rBVjc5BvxvN.html|author=Anisha Dutta|date=31 January 2020|access-date=1 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
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After independence, the house served as the seat of the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] from 1947–1950. The [[Constitution of India]] was created here, under the presidency of [[Rajendra Prasad]]. | After independence, the house served as the seat of the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] from 1947–1950. The [[Constitution of India]] was created here, under the presidency of [[Rajendra Prasad]]. | ||
[[File:Jawaharlal Nehru addressing the constituent assembly in 1946.jpg|thumb|[[Jawaharlal Nehru]] addressing the constituent assembly in 1946]] | |||
Two floors were added to the structure in 1956 due to a demand for more space.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Patel |first1=Shivam |last2=Lakhani |first2=Somu |date=24 January 2020 |title=Diversity, efficiency, flexibility: The brief for redeveloping New Delhi's Central Vista |language=en |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/central-vista-project-new-delhi-dr-bimal-patel-parliament-prime-minister-office-rajpath-6212011/ |access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref> In subsequent years it got some renovations. Air conditioners, digital screens and a digital voting system were added. | Two floors were added to the structure in 1956 due to a demand for more space.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Patel |first1=Shivam |last2=Lakhani |first2=Somu |date=24 January 2020 |title=Diversity, efficiency, flexibility: The brief for redeveloping New Delhi's Central Vista |language=en |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/central-vista-project-new-delhi-dr-bimal-patel-parliament-prime-minister-office-rajpath-6212011/ |access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref> In subsequent years it got some renovations. Air conditioners, digital screens and a digital voting system were added. | ||
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==Museum of Democracy== | ==Museum of Democracy== | ||
[[File:Barack Obama at Parliament of India in New Delhi addressing Joint session of both houses 2010.jpg|thumb| US President [[Barack Obama]] addresses the Parliament of India at the Central Hall in 2010]] | |||
After the inauguration of the [[New Parliament House, New Delhi|New Parliament House]], this old parliament building was converted to a ''Museum of Democracy''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/new-parliament-building-may-not-be-called-parliament-house-may-get-a-new-name-article-100487418 | title=New Parliament Building May Not be Called Parliament House, May Get a New Name | date=25 May 2023 }}</ref> | After the inauguration of the [[New Parliament House, New Delhi|New Parliament House]], this old parliament building was converted to a ''Museum of Democracy''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/new-parliament-building-may-not-be-called-parliament-house-may-get-a-new-name-article-100487418 | title=New Parliament Building May Not be Called Parliament House, May Get a New Name | date=25 May 2023 }}</ref> | ||
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==Incidents== | ==Incidents== | ||
===Bombing by Bhagat Singh=== | ===Bombing by Bhagat Singh=== | ||
At 8 April 1929, [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] (HSRA) revolutionary [[Bhagat Singh]] threw low-intensity bombs from visitors' gallery into the hall of the Central Legislative Assembly (later, the chamber of the Lok Sabha). [[Batukeshwar Dutt]] was also with him, but did not throw any bomb. Both of them hurled pamphlets and shouted slogans against the British government such as "Down with imperialism!", "[[Workers of the world, unite!]]", and "Long live the Revolution!". They were arrested. Singh, who was the mastermind, was inspired by French [[Anarchism|anarchist]] [[Auguste Vaillant]] who had bombed the French [[Chamber of Deputies (France)|Chamber of Deputies]] in the year 1893. HSRA's revolutionaries intended to spread ideas of revolution and inspire Indians to fight against the Government. Due to the explosions, minor injuries were inflicted on the people sitting in the chamber.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remembering...|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/remembering-bhagat-singh-on-his-110th-birth-anniversary/bombing-of-the-assembly/slideshow/60868938.cms |url-status= | At 8 April 1929, [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] (HSRA) revolutionary [[Bhagat Singh]] threw low-intensity bombs from visitors' gallery into the hall of the Central Legislative Assembly (later, the chamber of the Lok Sabha). [[Batukeshwar Dutt]] was also with him, but did not throw any bomb. Both of them hurled pamphlets and shouted slogans against the British government such as "Down with imperialism!", "[[Workers of the world, unite!]]", and "Long live the Revolution!". They were arrested. Singh, who was the mastermind, was inspired by French [[Anarchism|anarchist]] [[Auguste Vaillant]] who had bombed the French [[Chamber of Deputies (France)|Chamber of Deputies]] in the year 1893. HSRA's revolutionaries intended to spread ideas of revolution and inspire Indians to fight against the Government. Due to the explosions, minor injuries were inflicted on the people sitting in the chamber.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remembering...|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/remembering-bhagat-singh-on-his-110th-birth-anniversary/bombing-of-the-assembly/slideshow/60868938.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529051914/https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/remembering-bhagat-singh-on-his-110th-birth-anniversary/bombing-of-the-assembly/slideshow/60868938.cms |archive-date=May 29, 2023 |website= [[The Economic Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Simon was present...when hurled bombs |url=https://www.theprint.in/india/simon-was-present-in-central-assembly-when-bhagat-singh-batukeshwar-dutt-hurled-bombs-archives/908623/%3famp |url-status=live |website=[[The Print]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527183430/https://theprint.in/india/simon-was-present-in-central-assembly-when-bhagat-singh-batukeshwar-dutt-hurled-bombs-archives/908623/?amp |archive-date=May 27, 2023 }}</ref> | ||
===2001 terror attack=== | ===2001 terror attack=== | ||
{{Further|2001 Indian Parliament attack}} | {{Further|2001 Indian Parliament attack}} | ||
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File:Lord Mountbatten addressing the Chamber of Princes.jpg|[[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Lord Mountbatten]] addressing the [[Chamber of Princes]] as [[Viceroy of India|Viceroy]] in 1947. | File:Lord Mountbatten addressing the Chamber of Princes.jpg|[[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Lord Mountbatten]] addressing the [[Chamber of Princes]] as [[Viceroy of India|Viceroy]] in 1947. | ||
File:A Constituent Assembly of India meeting in 1950.jpg|A [[Constituent Assembly of India]] meeting in 1950. | File:A Constituent Assembly of India meeting in 1950.jpg|A [[Constituent Assembly of India]] meeting in 1950. | ||
File:Indian Prime Minister Morarji Desai listens to Jimmy Carter as he addresses the Indian Parliament House. - NARA - 177385.tif|Indian Prime Minister [[Morarji Desai]] listens to [[President of the United States|U.S President]] [[Jimmy Carter]] as he addresses the Indian Parliament House in 1978. | File:Indian Prime Minister Morarji Desai listens to Jimmy Carter as he addresses the Indian Parliament House. - NARA - 177385.tif|Indian Prime Minister [[Morarji Desai]] listens to [[President of the United States|U.S President]] [[Jimmy Carter]] as he addresses the Indian Parliament House in 1978. | ||
File:Obverse of the 10 Rupees silver coin of 1972, commemorating the 25th Anniversary of Independence (1947—1972), featuring male and female figures standing (the man carrying Indian National Flag) before the Parliament of India building.jpg|Indian Parliament House building depicted on the obverse of the 10 Rupees silver coin of 1972, commemorating the 25th Anniversary of Independence (1947—1972). | File:Obverse of the 10 Rupees silver coin of 1972, commemorating the 25th Anniversary of Independence (1947—1972), featuring male and female figures standing (the man carrying Indian National Flag) before the Parliament of India building.jpg|Indian Parliament House building depicted on the obverse of the 10 Rupees silver coin of 1972, commemorating the 25th Anniversary of Independence (1947—1972). | ||
File:Inside Indian Parliament.jpg|Erstwhile [[Lok Sabha]] chamber. | File:Inside Indian Parliament.jpg|Erstwhile [[Lok Sabha]] chamber. | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
* | * {{commonscat-inline|Sansad Bhavan}} | ||
[[Category:Parliament of India]] | [[Category:Parliament of India]] | ||
[[Category:Government buildings in Delhi]] | [[Category:Government buildings in Delhi]] | ||
[[Category:Herbert Baker buildings and structures]] | [[Category:Herbert Baker buildings and structures]] | ||